Hypoglycaemic study of some umbelliferae seeds in albino rats

Blood glucose levels were determined in normal, glucose loaded (hyperglycaemic) and diabetic rats after oral administration of some of the Caraway species and allied seeds (Cuminum Cyminum, Carum bulbocastanum, Carum Carvi, Trachyspermum ammi, and Cuminum nigrum). The data showed that the aqueous suspension of Carum Carvi seeds caused a significant reduction in blood glucose level in normoglycaemic, hyperglycaemic as well as alloxanated diabetic rats. The, drug however, did not show any blood glucose lowering effect in streptozotocin treated rats. It is suggested that C. Carvi, seeds have some hypoglycaemic principle.     

皮肤瘙痒症中糖尿病患者的调查研究

皮肤瘙痒症中内因-系统性疾病以糖尿病最为常见,也是常易被忽略的疾病之一。本研究通过对临床上皮肤瘙痒症患者的血糖情况进行调查,发现皮肤瘙痒症中糖尿病或糖耐量异常患者占13.8%,其血糖升高主要以餐后2小时为主,提示临床上应予重视皮肤瘙痒症患者的血糖情况,以免漏诊糖尿病患者。     

Post prandial plasma glucose level less than the fasting level in otherwise healthy individuals during routine screening

During routine screening, some otherwise healthy individuals who showed remarkably lower post prandial (at 2 hour) plasma glucose without any symptom were subjected to extended glucose tolerance test and a few of them to extended post meal tolerance test as well. It was observed that post prandial (at 2 hour) plasma glucose after glucose administration was significantly lower than the fasting level (p<0.05−p<0.001). However, post prandial plasma glucose at 2 hour after their usual meal exhibited a significantly higher level than the fasting and post glucose level (p<0.05−p<0.001). Glucose appears to be a stronger agent than the more natural mixed meal in these individuals in causing post prandial lowering of plasma glucose. Hence, these individuals are to be evaluated with their usual meals before considering further investigations. Like upper limit, there is the need to have a consensus lower limit of reference interval of blood glucose level.     

4-氯-2,6-双吡啶双氧钒化合物降低1型糖尿病大鼠血糖的生物学作用

通过1型和2型糖尿病动物模型的研究发现过渡金属元素钒（V）具有降糖作用。有机钒化合物与无机钒相比，其副作用低、体内吸收率和生物利用度高。本文主要探讨了四价有机钒化合物4-氯-2,6-双吡啶双氧钒化合物（4-chloro-2,6-dipicolinatodioxovanadium(Ⅳ)，V4dipic-Cl）对链脲佐菌素（STZ，55 mg/kg）诱导的1型糖尿病大鼠的生物学作用。大鼠通过自由饮水的方式口服V4dipic-Cl（0.5 mg/ml）8天。结果表明，V4dipic-Cl组的大鼠血糖和血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性显著低于糖尿病对照组，并且其葡萄糖耐量水平得到明显改善。但有机配体H2dipic-Cl对糖尿病大鼠的血糖和血清ALP活性的影响不显著。结果提示V4dipic-Cl具有降低糖尿病大鼠的血糖，提高葡萄糖耐量和改善肝功能的作用。     

Hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties of tulsi (Ocimum sanctum linn) on streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats

Effect of oral administration of 200 mg/Kg body weight of the aqueous extract ofOcimum sanctum (Tulsi) mixed with diet for eight weeks to diabetic (streptozotocin induced) rats was studied. There was significant reduction in fasting blood glucose, serum lipid profile, lipid peroxidation products, (LPO) and improvement in glucose tolerance. The aqueous extract also decreased LPO formation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances TBARS) and increased antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione transferase (GT) and one antioxidant reduced glutathione (GSH) in plasma and rat liver, lung, kidney and brain. The decrease in TBARS and increase in GSH, SOD, CAT, GPX, and GT clearly shows the antioxidant property ofOcimum sanctum.     

Comparative effect of olive oil and fish oil supplementation in combating gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rats

The present study is related to the comparative effects of fish oil and olive oil supplementation on gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Three treatment groups (Pretrement, Co-treatment and post treatment) were chosen for the study. Nephrotoxicity in rats was induced by intraperitonial administration of gentamicin (80 mg/kg/d) for 3,5,7,10,& 12 consecutive days. The animals were sacrificed 12 hrs after last treatment in each group. The maximum nephrotoxicity was developed on 10 days treatment of gentamicin. For each group a control group was taken without any oil or gentamicin treatment. Beneficial effects of oils were evidenced by reduced serum urea and creatinine concentrations in the group receiving oils compared to the non oil treatment animals receiving gentamicin only. Further, the changed values of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase activity retumed to normal in kidney and liver tissue homogenates after fish and olive oil treatment. In this study, it was found that co-treatment of fish and olive oil is more effective antagonist of gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. However fish oil was found to be more effective. Hypercholesteromia associated with gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity is also lowered by oil supplementations. The beneficial effects of these oils are due to counteracting effect of the biochemical alterations induced by the drug.     

木兰科种子内种皮合点区形态及其系统学意义

在扫描电镜下系统研究了木兰科10属52种成熟种子内种皮合点区形态。该形态分为孔型和管型两大类。孔型为内种皮合点区具一小穿孔。木莲属Manglietia、香木兰属Aromadendron、盖裂木属Talauma(8种)、南洋含笑属Elmerrillia和鹅掌楸属Liriodendron具此类型。管型由内种皮合点区向下凹陷形成的小窝和由窝底向外伸出的小管组成。华盖木属Manglietiastrum、盖裂木属Talauma(3种)、长蕊木兰属Alcimandra、含笑属Michelia、合果木属Paramichelia和观光木属Tsoongiodendron具此类型。在木兰属部分种中还观察到两种形态之间的过渡类型。上述形态特征在属内稳定并为木兰科植物所特有，而且明显表现出原始类群的合点区形态大多为孔型，进化类群的合点区形态大多为管型的特点。     

Effect of type II collagen treatment on the antioxidant status in immune tissues of adjuvant induced arthritic rats

Adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) is a model widely used to study Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the present study, lipid peroxides level in spleen and thymus of AIA rats was observed to be significantly high compared to normal rats. A significant decrease in ascorbic acid (ASA), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) was also observed in spleen and thymus of AIA rats compared to normal rats. There was also a steady increase in the circulating immune complex level (CIC) throughout the experimental period in serum of AIA rats. In the present investigation, it was decided to study the effect of pre and post treatment with TYPE II collagen on the antioxidant status and the circulating immune complex level in AIA rats. The results from the present work indicates that the pretreatment with TYPE II collagen was effective in bringing significant changes on all the parameters studied in AIA rats. The post treatment with TYPE II collagen was effective in bringing significant changes on the CIC immune complex level and GSH content in the thymus tissue of AIA rats. The present work suggests that the pre treatment with TYPE II collagen was more effective in suppressing the disease than the post treatment.     

多元社会宽容的价值与宽容教育

宽容是人们应对当今社会多元与差异性的一种基本品质,也是建设和谐、民主社会,直面价值多元的需要。宽容意识的形成、对宽容误解的消除以及宽容边界意识的形成,都需要教育。宽容教育成为多元社会的新主题,它应该致力于培养具有现代人的宽容品质,包括不干涉意识、尊重意识、公共理性、公正意识以及全球视野与胸怀。     

多元社会宽容的价值与宽容教育

宽容是人们应对当今社会多元与差异性的一种基本品质,也是建设和谐、民主社会,直面价值多元的需要。宽容意识的形成、对宽容误解的消除以及宽容边界意识的形成,都需要教育。宽容教育成为多元社会的新主题,它应该致力于培养具有现代人的宽容品质,包括不干涉意识、尊重意识、公共理性、公正意识以及全球视野与胸怀。     

口服富铬啤酒酵母对链脲佐霉素诱导糖尿病大鼠的生物效应

研究富铬啤酒酵母和普通啤酒酵母以及醋酸铬对链脲佐霉素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病大鼠的生物效应。富铬酵母的制备是以普通啤酒酵母作为微量元素载体，酵母细胞在含铬（Cr）的介质中驯化生长，吸收并同化无机铬化合物，使之转化成富集铬元素的啤酒酵母，普通啤酒酵母和富铬啤酒酵母均来自于相同的单克隆细胞系。以普通酵母为对照，分别每天灌胃给予链脲佐霉素诱导的糖尿病大鼠含铬量为300 μg/kg.bw的富铬酵母和醋酸铬，实验周期为32天。结果表明，富铬酵母组和普通酵母组大鼠的体重明显高于糖尿病大鼠（p < 0.01），醋酸铬对糖尿病大鼠的体重影响不显著。与普通酵母和醋酸铬相比，富铬酵母明显改善糖尿病大鼠的口服糖耐量（OGTT）水平。与糖尿病组相比，富铬酵母组大鼠的血清甘油三酯（TG）、肌苷、血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）水平下降。结果提示富铬酵母能够改善糖尿病大鼠的糖尿病症状及其肝肾功能。     

石油专用设备投资评价的神经网络模型及实证研究

建立基于人工神经网络的石油专用设备投资评价模型,并利用大庆油田的历史数据对模型进行训练和模拟,以向石油企业提供科学合理的石油采油设备投资决策方法。     

Choronic effects of Lamotrigine on liver function in adult male rats

A number of newly developed antiepileptic drugs are currently in use, among them Lamotrigine (LTG) is more common. Despite the extensive use of this drug, it has not been possible to predict the side effects especially the hepatotoxic reactions after long-term treatment. The present study was designed to find out alterations in the activities of liver enzymes after chronic exposure of rats to different dose of LTG. Adults male (Wistar) rats were treated orally with LTG [5 mg/kg body weight or 25 mg/kg body wt.] for 60 days. After the experimental period, auto analyzer carried out liver function tests. The liver histopathology was obtained after scarifying the rats. There was a significant increase in the level of ALP, AST, ALT and bilirubin at therapeutic dose of LTG. The increase level of these enzymes and bilirubin at toxic dose were much higher and significant. However, the total protein and albumin significantly decreased at toxic dose of LTG. Elevation of liver enzymes and bilirubin after chronic exposure of rats to high dose of LTG reflects hepatocellular damage that may lead to hepatitis. It is concluded that regular liver function and drug monitoring should follow the treatment with LTG.     

产业集群中的知识溢出及其效应研究

从知识的溢出、知识溢出的吸收与转化、知识的再扩散三个阶段分析集群中的知识溢出机理。在此基础上,分析知识溢出的创新提升效应:降低创新成本与风险、提升创新效率,整体提高知识积累水平、激发集群内部的创新活动,激活集群内部的默会性知识、形成独特的创新优势。     

科技成果价值的分析及对评估的影响

当前 ,科学技术发展的重要标志是科学技术日益成为生产力发展的主导因素 ,同时又是生产力体系中其他重大变化的起点。而科技成果的价值怎样体现又如何评估 ,是当前科技界和产业界关注的问题。本文分析了科技成果价值的科学性、经济性和社会性 ,科技成果价值在时间和空间上的表现。以及这些因素和科技成果评估者对科技成果价值评估的影响。     

石油企业的技术创新战略及组织创新模式的选择

21世纪对石油企业来说将是技术制胜的时代,因此,在激烈的市场竞争中依靠技术创新、提高企业的核心竞争力,是我国石油企业的当务之急.而决定企业能否选择技术创新以及技术创新能否成功的一个重要因素是企业的组织运行机制.在对技术创新与组织创新关系的相关研究进行回顾的基础上,探讨石油企业实施技术创新战略的组织障碍及对组织创新模式的选择.