植物抗病因子—PR蛋白的研究进展

植物抗病因子是近年来生物学上的研究热点,本文较为详细地介绍了病原相关蛋白的发现、类型、性质、结构、生物学功能、分布以及在植物抗病中的作用,为深入进行这类蛋白的研究提供了参考。     

热激蛋白在作物抗逆境胁迫中的研究进展

热激蛋白是一类在生物体受到逆境胁迫后大量表达的蛋白质。其功能主要涉及蛋白质的重新折叠、稳定、组装、胞内运输和降解以及对受损蛋白质的修复等。本文综述了植物热激蛋白的诱导合成、种类和结构、胁迫条件下的生物学功能、基因表达调控方面的研究进展。     

冷胁迫下植物的逆境蛋白

在冷胁迫时,植物可以利用体内的一些已有蛋白或新合成的一些蛋白,来维持常温下才能进行的一些新陈代谢。由于这些蛋白在冷环境下表现活跃,对植物度过逆境具有非常重要作用,因此通称为植物逆境蛋白。本文就植物冷胁迫下的逆境蛋白的产生、分布、特点及生物学功能做一简要介绍。     

硒蛋白及其生物学功能

硒蛋白是人及动物必需微量元素硒的主要功能形式。近年对硒蛋白的研究取得了诸多进展，例如，发现了在细胞增殖过程中具重要作用的硒蛋白硫氧还蛋白还原酶；深人研究了硒蛋白 P 的结构、表达调控、生物学功能等；揭示了硒以硒半胱氨酸形式参与构成酶的活性中心，而硒半胱氨酸本身则为生物合成和参入到蛋白质中的第21种氨基酸；在哺乳动物发现的35种硒蛋白中．已有十几种研究得比较清楚。本文就这些硒蛋白的结构、分布等特点及生物学功能方面的研究现状作一简要综述。     

植物激素-赤霉素(GA)细胞信号转导机制

植物激素赤霉素(GA)参与植物种子萌发、茎伸长、开花、结果等多个生长发育过程.研究GA细胞信号转导的分子机制对进一步阐明其生物学功能具有重要的意义.GA合成突变体和细胞信号转导突变体的研究表明,GAI及其同功蛋白具有受体功能,GA被受体识别后进一步与DELLA蛋白作用,从而解除DELLA蛋白对植物生长的抑制作用.文章主...     

MicroRNA调控植物营养代谢和形态建成的分子机制

正主要完成人员:余迪求、梁岗、何华、刘冬梅、杨凤玺主要完成单位:中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园该项目主要内容和发现点:植物miRNA参与了植物生长发育、营养代谢及逆境响应等过程,但是许多miRNA的功能仍然未知。该项目以植物遗传学、植物生理学和植物发育生物学为基础,通过分子生物学技术解析了4个miRNA的生物学功能。     

水稻P1B型ATPase重金属转运蛋白的结构与功能研究进展

P1B型ATPase重金属转运蛋白（HMA）广泛存在于低等植物和高等植物中,参与植物生长发育过程中所必需的微量金属营养元素的运输.与双子叶植物拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）AtHMA1-8的大量研究相比,单子叶植物中HMA转运蛋白的相关功能与研究极其有限.根据已有的研究成果对水稻（Oryza sativa L.）体内9种HMA转运蛋白的分类、结构、分子机制与转运功能进行了详细对比和归纳,对这些重金属转运蛋白在植物中的组织分布、亚细胞定位和金属特异性进行了阐述,推测了目前尚未明确功能的OsHMA1、OsHMA4、OsH-MA6、OsHMA7和OsHMA8的亚细胞定位及潜在的转运功能,以期为未来进一步的科学研究提供更多依据.     

植物转录调控因子NF-Y研究进展

NF-Y是在植物、动物和酵母细胞均存在的转录调节因子,由NF-YA、NF-YB以及NY-YC组成异源三聚体,在细胞核内结合在下游基因启动子上调节基因转录活性,或通过与核内其它蛋白的互作调节细胞生命活动.NF-YA(核因子Y,亚基A)是具有多种生物功能的植物转录调控因子,其与NF-YB、NF-YC组成异源三聚体,结合下游基因的CCAAT顺式元件,从而激活或抑制一些基因的表达. NF-YA、NF-YB和NF-YC参与植物体内许多生理过程,包括胚胎发育、种子发育及萌发、花的发育、根和根瘤发育以及各种逆境反应等重要的生理过程.本文就植物中转录调控因子NF-YA、NF-YB和NF-YC的基本结构特点、生物学功能,以及它们在植物响应生物和非生物胁迫方面的作用进行了综述.     

植物鞘脂的结构、代谢途径及其功能

众所周知,鞘脂是生物膜结构的重要组成成分,随着鞘脂在动物和酵母中的深入研究发现,鞘脂及其代谢产物是一类很重要的活性分子,它们参与调节细胞的生长、分化、衰老和细胞程序性死亡等许多重要的信号转导过程.鞘脂在植物中的研究最近几年才开始,植物鞘脂的功能还不十分清楚.最近的研究发现,鞘脂及其代谢产物在植物中也起着很重要的信号分子作用.该文详细总结了鞘脂在植物中的结构、代谢途径和主要生物学功能,并结合实验室的工作对植物鞘脂的功能研究进行了展望.     

国家自然科学基金项目介绍

项目名称:疾病相关固有无序蛋白α-synuclein和p53结构与功能特性的计算机模拟研究承担单位:山东省高校生物物理重点实验室1、固有无序蛋白质是一类柔性非常大的非随机结构蛋白,行使重要的生物学功能。     

一种提高跳频系统密钥量的新方法

基于信息论原理, 提出了一种非等间隔跳频系统的方案, 针对不允许频谱重叠系统和允许频谱重叠系统, 分别给出了实现方法并对其安全性能进行了理论分析. 首先给出了跳频系统的绝对密钥量和相对密钥量、等间隔和非等间隔跳频系统等定义; 然后分析了等间隔和非等间隔跳频系统的绝对密钥量和相对密钥量, 从而看出在计算机技术和集成电路设计技术得到飞速发展的情况下, 跳频系统的绝对密钥量已变成制约其保密性和安全性的关键; 理论分析和实例计算可以看出, 采用非等间隔跳频后其绝对密钥量有大幅度提高, 特别是允许频谱重叠的系统, 比等间隔跳频系统提高了2个数量级以上.     

Using humour in counselling mentally retarded clients: A preliminary study

The effects of using two types of humour in counselling sessions with mentally retarded clients were examined. Eleven male and eleven female mildly handicapped participants rated the helpfulness of a male counsellor following in vivo counselling sessions where no humour (NH), facilitative humour (FH), and non-facilitative humour (NFH) were used. Results indicated that overall participants' ratings were significantly higher under the FH condition than when either NH or NFH were used. No overall effects were found for gender type, but analysis of intra-individual rating patterns indicated that ratings varied considerably among both male and female participants.     

德国FH教育及其在中国的实践研究

FH是德国高等教育体系的重要组成部分,其在内涵和本质上是一种面向实际、面向应用的高等工程、技术教育,在性质上区别于我国目前的高职高专教育,与我国倡导的技术应用型本科教育相似。FH的“3 1”学制、专业设置、教学改革、与企业紧密结合及国际化合作,显示出其极强的灵活性、实用性和生命力。其对我国的启示在于,明确技术应用型本科教育的重要性及其定位,构建有利于技术本科教育发展的体制与机制,在法律上确立技术本科教育的地位。     

Teacher stress interventions: A systematic review

Due to the increased pressure from test‐based accountability practices, teachers have reported high levels of stress and burnout. High teacher stress has an impact on school outcomes, including links to absenteeism, burnout, school climate, and teacher behavior management. Teacher stress interventions may be an important first step toward reducing these negative outcomes. Although there have been several recent intervention studies in the domain of teacher stress, there has been no systematic review to compare the type and effectiveness of teacher stress interventions. Included within this review are interventions from a variety of modalities such as knowledge‐based, behavioral, cognitive‐behavioral, and mindfulness approaches. Results indicated that the most effective interventions were in the mindfulness, behavioral, and cognitive‐behavioral domains. Interventions which delivered solely informational content were among the least effective.     

An investigation into the capacity of student motivation and emotion regulation strategies to predict engagement and resilience in the middle school classroom

Although most of the initial research on self-regulated learning focused on cognitive and meta-cognitive aspects, there has been a growing interest in the emotion and motivation domains of self-regulation. This article reports on research undertaken to investigate specific motivation and emotion regulation strategies used by middle school students and the relationship between the use of such strategies and student engagement and resilience. The research targeted one type of motivation regulation??goal-oriented strategies??and two types of emotion regulation: antecedent and stress release strategies, together with avoidance strategies. Students who used goal-oriented motivation regulation strategies were more likely than others to be resilient. Contrasting results were obtained when investigating the ability of each emotion regulation strategy type to predict engagement and resilience. As expected, students who used avoidant strategies were less likely than others to develop resilience. This article discusses the implications of the research for the classroom, including the teaching of particular motivation and emotion regulation strategies to students and providing the right classroom environment for strategy development.     

Cultural capital: strengths,weaknesses and two advancements

In this paper I discuss two weaknesses in Bourdieu’s work on cultural capital, both of which are related to his integration of the multidimensional nature of social space in different domains of life: social mobility, lifestyle differentiation, and political orientation. First, there is an anomaly between the work on social mobility and on lifestyles. Multiple dimensions of social origin (cultural and economic capital) are related to uni‐dimensional outcomes (e.g. schooling levels), whereas it would be more appropriate to study multidimensional schooling outcomes too. Secondly, although Bourdieu sees a close resemblance in the type of resources affecting lifestyle preferences and political orientations, I argue that these outcomes are affected by two different types of resources: cultural and communicative resources. Proposals for progress, including a review of the empirical results supporting these, are given.     

德国FH及其科技发展战略综述

德国应用科技大学(FH)在近50年里发展迅猛,未来德国高等教育将形成以FH为主体的新格局,其科技发展战略也逐步实现了由自发向自觉、由放任向规划、由被动向主动、由模仿向创新的转变。通过介绍德国FH的历史与现状,分析与揭示FH科技发展动向及科技发展战略。     

“过来”“过去”的用法及其认知解释

“过来”“过去”是汉语中意义和用法比较丰富的一对趋向动词,其运动图式通过隐喻机制映射到时间、数量、心理、状态和事件等抽象认知域。各个认知域的“过来”“过去”在语义特征上存在某些不同,其隐喻映射也存在某些对称和不对称。     

Novel Frequency Hopping Sequences Generator Based on AES Algorithm

A novel frequency hopping(FH) sequences generator based on advanced encryption standard(AES) iterated block cipher is proposed for FH communication systems.The analysis shows that the FH sequences based on AES algorithm have good performance in uniformity, correlation, complexity and security.A high-speed, low-power and low-cost ASIC of FH sequences generator is implemented by optimizing the structure of S-Box and MixColumns of AES algorithm, proposing a hierarchical power management strategy, and applying the dynamic clock gating technology based on finite state machine and clock gating.SMIC 0.18 μm standard CMOS technology shows that the scale of ASIC is only about 10.68 kgate, power consumption is 33.8 μW/MHz, and the maximum hop-rate is 1 098 901 hop/s.This design is suitable for portable FH communication system for its advantages in high-security and hop-rate, low-power and low-cost.The proposed FH sequences generator has been employed in Bluetooth SoC design.     

德国应用科技大学形成与发展的历史回顾--以柏林地区为例

德国应用科技大学的形成与发展经历了三个主要阶段,社会经济需求的变化和教育自身发展的规律是应用科技大学变革与发展的动力。