How large is the course effect? A note on Romney's course effect vs. teacher effect on students' ratings of teacher competence

Romney (1977) presented data from which he concluded that within student ratings of college instruction, the course that an instructor teaches is as important a determiner of resulting ratings as the instructor himself. Reanalysis of his data indicates that the course effect is actually quite small, a result that is consistent with earlier studies.     

高师公共教育学教师的角色探析

高师公共教育学由于其学科性质和教学目标的特殊性,导致其教师角色定位的特殊性。本文认为高师公共教育学教师的角色定位应当是:学生未来角色意识的激发者;教育理论的学术探究者;公共教育学课程的建构者;学生实践能力的开发者。     

关于高等师范院校音乐系钢琴课学分制的设想

随着高等教育改革的不断深化，高师音乐 系钢琴课的改革势在必行。为了实现高师音乐系钢琴专业学生的培养目标、规范钢琴教学的内容、改进现行教学中的弊端，高师音乐系钢琴课学分制的设置确有必要。学分制的实行可改变目前高师音乐系钢琴教学中的无序、随意状态和教学质量参差不齐等不利于音乐教育发展的积弊。     

Reflections on improving teacher performance

Abstract

The debate about declining education standards and quality has been going on for decades. At the centre of this debate has been teacher performance. But the blame for the decline in educational standards and quality of education in South Africa cannot be placed squarely on the shoulders of teachers alone. Society as a whole must accept its share of responsibility too. For the decline or the improvement of the standard and quality of education depends on the roles played by teachers, parents, learners, tertiary institutions, non-governmental organisations and the government. To blame teachers alone misses the core problem, which is at the root of the continuing decline in educational standards and quality in a country which has the biggest economy in Africa. To stem this tide will require a collaborative effort by all these role players. But, more importantly, it will require the restructuring of how teachers are trained, as well as the transformation of school governing bodies, so as to enable them to play the role the South African Schools Act intended them to play. The profession must also be made attractive in order to attract talented matriculants. This will entail improvements in the salary structure and conditions of service of teachers. It will also be necessary to revamp the current teacher in-service training and development system to enable it to play a more meaningful role in assisting teachers to continually refresh and retool their skills in order to cope with the ever-changing teaching and learning environment.     

新《纲要》指导下普通高校体育教师的课程意识培养探讨

在普通高校体育课程教学改革中,高校体育教师是课程教学改革不可忽视的重要因素,高校体育教师课程意识直接影响新体育课程具体实施与课程改革的进展.培养高校体育教师的课程参与意识、课程资源开发意识、课程创新意识、课程综合评价意识、课程学习意识等在新体育课程教学改革中应当引起热切关注的问题.     

《教师口语》课程在教师教育专业化中的重要作用 --《教师口语》课程的建设与改革

教师教育专业化是目前教育界普遍认同的观点,是我国高等师范院校发展的必由之路。《教师口语》课程对教师教育专业化起着重要的作用。加强《教师口语》的课程建设与改革对教师教育专业化的实现具有重要意义。     

新《纲要》指导下普通高校体育教师的课程意识培养探讨

在普通高校体育课程教学改革中，高校体育教师是课程教学改革不可忽视的重要因素，高校体育教师课程意识直接影响新体育课程具体实施与课程改革的进展．培养高校体育教师的课程参与意识、课程资源开发意识、课程创新意识、课程综合评价意识、课程学习意识等在新体育课程教学改革中应当引起热切关注的问题。     

教师专业化背景下培养师范生语言能力的策略研究

语言是教师教育教学的重要媒介,教师专业化对教师教育教学能力提出更高要求.以提高语言能力为抓手,可以带动教师教育教学水平的提高.实现教师专业化.师范教育作为教师专业化的第一阶段,应为师范生从教能力打下坚实的基础.目前师范生语言能力与教师专业化要求有很大距离,师范院校应根据师范生语言能力存在的不足,采取有针对性的策略、措施培养师范生的语言能力.     

教师教育课程教学质量评价标准的构建--基于CIPP评价模式的视角

教师教育课程是教师教育质量提高的关键所在,科学合理的教师教育课程教学评价的标准是培养高水平教师的重要因素,也是教师教育教学质量持续不断提高的有效保障。目前,我国教师教育课程教学存在的诸多问题无不与教师教育课程教学评价的标准有关。在当前我国高等教育“质量工程”和教师教育课程改革的大背景下,应用CIPP评价模式评价教师教育课程教学质量,对促进学生发展、教师发展、课程改进和教学资源优化配置等具有重要的价值。     

美国80年代以来教师教育发展政策述评

课堂教学质量是教育质量的核心,课堂教学质量的改善与提升关系着高质量教育体系的建成。对话国际上具有典型性与代表性的课堂教学评价框架并从中汲取高质量的核心元素,是中国特色课堂教学评价体系展现国际视野的关键举措。美国教育考试服务中心丹尼森(Danielson)教授研发的Framework for Teaching(FFT)课堂教学评价框架关注课堂教学的过程性质量,秉持高阶性思维、建构性学习、目的性活动和专业性指导的高质量课堂教学理念,涉及4大模块、22个评估要点以及相应的质量观测点,从评价对象与评价方式两个维度跨越时空全面搜集资料并对教师教学工作作出价值判断,旨在通过向教师提供反馈和推动专业发展而引导教师为质量而教,实现教学的背景、投入、过程质量和学生学业成就质量的多维提升。深入研究与反思在理念和内容等方面具有明显优势的FFT课堂教学评价框架,启示中国应在自由和规则、过程和结果的动态和谐关系中,以创设学习文化、促进深度学习为核心,构建具有全球视野的新时代中国特色高质量课堂教学体系,并基于此研发相应的课堂教学质量评价体系和监测工具,构建实现高质量课堂教学的教师教育质量指标体系,促进教育高质量发展。     

科学合理的高职院校教师绩效考核体系的构建

通过对高职院校现有的教师绩效考核制度的分析,指出了存在的将教学绩效评价等同于教学绩效管理、绩效考核标准不明确、绩效考核缺乏沟通与反馈等问题,提出要实施绩效考核,应明确职责、确定考核定位、确定考核体系、严格执行考核程序、设置考核申诉程序等解决办法.建立科学合理的教师绩效考核制度的原则是：使所设工作量科学、客观,并考虑单位内外的公平性,同时使所设指标具有可测性、全面性、可比性和可行性等.在制度实施过程中应注意对评价者的选择及权重的确定,所设体系应具有高弹性,充分考虑指标的导向性并合理使用评价结果等问题.     

Effect of sex,class standing,and academic performance on perceived importance of teacher behaviors

An implicit assumption made in most teaching evaluation instruments is that teaching behaviors are equally important to students. Using specific teacher behaviors which have appeared in a number of teaching assessment devices, the importance of teacher behaviors questionnaire (ITB) was constructed to measure students' perceptions of the importance of selected teacher behaviors. Data collected from 105 college students were utilized in the present study for the following purposes: (a) to determine if there are differences among students' ratings of teaching behaviors in terms of importance and (b) to determine if the ratings of importance given to selected teacher behaviors vary according to students' sex, class standing, or academic performance. Results of the study indicated that there were significant differences in perceived importance of selected teacher behaviors. Furthermore, it was found that ratings of some of these behaviors tended to vary across sex groups. Implications for utilizing importance information as a weighting component in teaching evaluations are discussed.     

The influence of teacher emotion on grading practices: a preliminary look at the evaluation of student writing

The evaluation of student work is a central aspect of the teaching profession that can affect students in significant ways. Although teachers use multiple criteria for assessing student work, it is not yet known if emotions are a factor in their grading decisions as has been found in other instances of professional evaluations. Reason to believe that this might be the case not only comes from emotion-congruent judgment research, but also from the emerging field of teacher emotion research which is beginning to reveal that emotion may be an important element in various teacher cognitions and practices. The present study provides initial evidence that emotions may bias the grades teachers assign to their students, such that positive and negative emotions influence grade assignment in emotion-congruent ways. This research offers empirical contributions to research on emotion and cognition as well as on teacher emotion.     

试论发展性教师评价理念对教师专业发展的意义

要配合素质教育的全面推进，就必须全面提高教师的教育质量。本文从教师专业发展着手，分析了教师专业发展的提出、对它的理解和教师专业结构的三大构成要素，指出教师自身才是他的专业发展的重要保证。但外部评价机制的促进作用也不容忽视，从而引进“发展性教师评价”概念，并从发展性教师评价对教师专业结构三大构成要素的促进分析阐述了“发展性教师评价”对教师专业发展的重大意义。     

The relationship among students' reading performance,their classroom behavior,and teacher skills

The relationship among students' reading performance, their behavior (task-focused behavior, emotional stability, and compliant behavior) in the classroom, and the teacher's skills was investigated in 66 third-grade classrooms. Results from this study showed the students' reading performance and their behavior in the classroom are all significantly interrelated. Better reading performance at the beginning of the school year goes with better behavior at the end of the school year. In turn, better behavior at the beginning of the school year goes with better reading performance at the end of the school year. The teacher can improve the behavior of the students by providing high-quality reading instruction. Some teacher skills have differential effects, however, on the various behavioral aspects. The implications for the educational practice as well as for future research are discussed.     

The role of feedback in teacher mentoring: how coaches,peers, and students affect teacher change

ABSTRACT

Our study contributes to understanding teacher mentoring by exploring impacts of feedback from multiple mentoring sources as teachers with varying levels of experience learned to implement student-centered instruction. Mentees in our study learned to implement a student-centered model, supported by mentoring from students and teachers experienced in the model. We employed qualitative methods to collect and analyze data from two summer schools, with 22 STEM teachers and 47 student-instructors from 15 non-selective, public high schools. Findings include: (a) teachers had positive attitudes towards feedback, (b) feedback from multiple sources changed practice, (c) effective feedback required structure, (d) experienced teachers benefited most from feedback, and (e) student feedback was most valuable. These findings provide strategies to shape future mentoring, informing teachers, administrators, professional development coaches, and teacher educators about critical factors in the use of feedback to improve teaching through mentoring.     

Mature student experiences in teacher education: widening participation in Greece and England

In the context of the growing number of mature students entering higher education in Europe, this study breaks new ground in comparing the personal and professional identities of mature student teachers in Greece and England. Using an analytical model of student success by Zepke and Leach (2008 Zepke, N. and Leach, L. Linking soft skills and student engagement in second chance education. Paper presented at the Comparative Education Society of Europe (CESE) annual conference. July7–10, Athens, Greece.  [Google Scholar]), the research sought to identify the factors affecting the progress and development of 30 mature student teachers (15 in each country). It was found that individual motivation and prior experience were assets in the development of the student teachers, while peer and family support were vital success factors. In the English context, the importance of institutional support from university and school-based tutors was also strong. Barriers included financial difficulties and domestic responsibilities, which had a particular impact on mature women students. Some recommendations to improve institutional support for mature student teachers are made in conclusion.     

Theorising teacher performance dispositions in an age of audit

This article provides a critical and theoretical exploration into teacher performance dispositions (orientations towards performance). The article explores research literature on dispositions, highlighting the representation of teachers in education policy and standards documents across several nations of the OECD: Australia, the USA and the UK. The article draws on aspects connected to the Bourdieuian conception of dispositions, arguing that economic imperatives continue to drive research and policy directions of teacher performance, shaping teaching practice/s distorting the educative process. The article suggests that the work of teachers is increasingly being repositioned towards narrow conceptions of pedagogy and performance, aligning the educative experience with the ability to compete in the knowledge economy. Developments of this kind commodify knowledge, which may have implications for what it means to be educated or to educate. The research in focusing on teacher performance dispositions reminds teachers and policy-makers about the moral and ethical importance of a person-centred education policy approach. Such an approach eschews prescribed curricula and standardised learning, opting instead for the professional judgement of teachers in crafting studies with educative potential tailored to individual student need.     

影响师范生学习教师教育课程兴趣的因素分析

教师教育类课程是每个师范生必修的公共基础课,它是培养师范生树立正确的教育理念、掌握适当的教学方法,形成一定的教育能力的一类重要课程。但是,在教师教育类课程的实施过程中,由于教师教育类课程内容陈旧、缺乏时代感、教学方式单一,教师在教学过程中重理论轻实践等问题,导致不少师范生对教育类课程的学习积极性不高,教学绩效较差,教师教育类课程没有发挥应有的功能。为此,我们应该发挥高等师范院校的固有的理论优势,加强教师教育课程中的学生教育能力的培养、注重教学方法的多样化,及时更新教学内容,增加教学实践环节,提升学生对教师教育课程的学习兴趣。