知识经济与高等教育的相关性探析

探讨知识经济与高等教育的相互关系,是知识经济条件下高等教育改革与发展的理论前提。高等教育的逻辑起点是知识,其中包括高新科技知识,这是高等教育与知识经济联系的纽带。从教育的外部关系规律来看,知识经济引导和推动高等教育的改革与发展,高等教育的改革与发展又促进知识经济的发展,两者存在互动性;从教育的内部关系规律来看,高等教育的育人活动需要知识经济的物质保障,知识经济实现可持续发展需要高等教育育人活动的精神保证,两者存在互补性。     

Putting higher education in its place in (East Asian) political economy

ABSTRACT

This article relates changes in higher education (HE) and research in East Asian societies to recent trends in political economy and, in particular, the reorientation of developmental states (DSs) in the region. The DS is oriented to catch-up competitiveness and, as the horizon of development shifts, so do its appropriate institutional forms and strategies. Catch-up competitiveness is guided by economic imaginaries, often linked to geoeconomic, geopolitical, and broader societal imaginaries, whose hegemony depends on particular discursive and disciplinary practices. The shift in the roles of HE and research is related to the reorientation of DSs from export-oriented, investment-led growth to knowledge-intensive, investment-led growth, supplemented in some cases by efforts to create international financial hubs to exploit a global trend towards financialisation. These themes are explored through comparison of selected East Asian economies/societies. The article ends with some general conclusions about the state's continuing role in HE and its internationalisation in the region.     

论高等学校的扩招

高等教育由精英化向大众化乃到论过渡,这是高等教育发展的必然趋势,中国的高等教育相对落后,因此扩招是必然之选择,高校扩招对国家、社会、学校、家庭及至个人均有诸多裨益,面对高校扩招所带来的诸多问题与困境,我们要积极地探求解决问题的思路。     

知识经济与创造教育

本从知识经济的主要特征入手，阐明了创造教育是知识经济时代教育改革的主体目标，提出了实施素质教育，培养创造型人才的途径。     

知识经济时代对高校学报提出的新课题

本文论述了知识经济时代对高校学报提出的新课题,即高校学报在繁荣发展学术的同时,必须面向经济建设的主战场,同时论述了在知识经济时代高校学报的发展对策。     

论高等教育发展的治理模式

治理理论为政府公共事务管理改革提供了新的理论视角,从管制走向治理是高等教育管理改革的重要趋势。市场型治理、参与型治理、解制型治理和弹性化治理是当今世界高等教育发展的四种治理模式,对我国高等教育的改革和发展具有重要的参考价值。     

新经济的兴起和远程高等教育的机遇

新经济的实质是知识经济，它改变着社会经济结构和社会生活，对社会成员提出了更新知识的客观要求。目前是现代远程高等教育发展的最好时期，广播电视大学面临着所未有的挑战。     

河南高等教育与知识社会之建设

知识社会是以知识为基本要素的社会,建基于“知识”这一逻辑起点,高等教育的基本功能是保存知识、传承知识、应用知识、创造知识、涵化知识、交流知识等。二者之间相辅相成,相互促进,互为依存,是一体化的。因此研究河南高等教育发展,实现与知识社会的良性互动,既是我省高等教育面临的重大课题,也是我省社会和谐发展题中应有之义。     

Understandings of the higher education curriculum in Vietnam

The Vietnamese higher education context is characterised by state control, including the state's development of curriculum frameworks and materials. Institutional autonomy has been ratified by the government; however in practice, universities seem to have little control over curriculum. In order for universities to develop more ownership of curriculum, it is necessary to explore the foundational understandings of curriculum held by stakeholders. Thus, this paper explores the understandings of curriculum expressed by a group of senior staff, academics and students at a Vietnamese university. We found a diversity of understandings that tended to be product focused, teacher focused and textbook driven. We propose that our findings can be used as a starting point for developing more innovative and student-focused understandings of curriculum.     

Role of Nigeria in the development of higher education in Africa

In most countries of the world, higher education is highly subsidized by the public sector. The subsidy is a result of the role of higher education sector on the economy and good governance of the nations. Enrolment into higher institutions of learning is quite low in Africa compare to other continents of the world due to the continent＇s low and declining spending on her higher institutions of learning. This shabby contribution by the continent could be likened to a result of some imminent challenges, which ranged from inadequate financial resource due to economic and social crisis to the challenges posed by the HIV/AIDS （Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome） pandemic. The contributions of Nigeria to the development of higher education in Africa is quite worthy of note. This can be affirmed by the increase in the number of states and federal universities in the country over the years since independence. This can be further reaffirmed by the promulgation of Decree 9 of 1993, which made the provision for the establishment of private universities, which further increased the nation＇s total number of universities to 93 from 59 and further strengthened the nations contributions to higher education development in the continent. In spite of all efforts made by the FGN （Federal Government of Nigeria）, the nation is yet to reach her potential in the development of her higher education sector as the percentage of potential students that gained admission into the nation＇s higher institutions of learning still stand below 15% of the total number of applicants. The study therefore recommended that budgetary allocations to higher institutions of learning be increased to meet the financial demands of the institutions. In addition, multi-campus should be encouraged in order to allow for more access to higher education.     

论高深知识与高等教育

Advanced knowledge is the basis for higher education, but less research on higher education deals with it. The essay elaborates on the major point in several ways: first, the practice-oriented higher education research tends to ignore advanced knowledge; secondly, higher education shall never turn a blind eye to advanced knowledge due to their close relation; thirdly, the paper presents a tentative discussion over the external and internal characteristics of advanced knowledge. The research on advanced knowledge can not only provide better support for the reform of higher education, but also has great significance in perfecting the present theoretical system of higher education. __________ Translated from Beijing Daxue Jiaoyu Pinglun 北京大学教育评论 (Peking University Education Review), 2006, (4): 2–8     

区域高等教育与区域经济的互动关系及协调发展

区域高等教育与区域经济之间存在着相互制约、相互促进的关系。区域高等教育的发展直接拉动区域经济的发展;区域经济发展水平制约着区域高等教育发展的规模、速度和结构。只有正确认识和处理二者的关系,才能促进区域高等教育与区域经济的协调发展。     

论教育经济

教育经济是知识经济的一个重要组成部分，教育经济是产学研相结合的，教学科研生产一体化的经济，是教育与经济的一体化，经济教育化和教育经济化是经济发展的必然趋势；二是将最终融合成教育经济，我国应从;战略高度来认识和发展高等教育，开扩高教与经济结合的思路，促进高教产业化，从而建立教育，经济一体化的格局。     

Financial autonomy and challenges to being a regionally responsive higher education institution

Abstract

This paper discusses some current problems and challenges of the Finnish AMKs (polytechnic institutions), and whether financial autonomy could contribute to finding solutions for some of these problems. It provides an overview of the current status of financial autonomy of polytechnics in 6 European countries, and finally attempts to find links from financial autonomy to the AMKs’ role as regional ‘boosters’. The AMKs are still faced with some administrative and cultural traditions related more or less to secondary level vocational institutions. The new Polytechnic Act (2003), 351/2003, guarantees self‐governance for the AMKs as regards with their internal issues. At the same time, the Act stipulates that budget power and strategic steering belongs to their public or private maintainers. This raises the question of to what extent institutions actually are autonomous. The essence of autonomy rests on independent decision‐making processes. The study shows that the Finnish maintenance system reflects strongly on the area of financial autonomy compared with the similar institutions in other European countries. Financial autonomy may be a factor that strengthens a higher education institution in becoming an organisationally uniform, responsive and flexible entity.     

高等职业教育和普通高等教育的差异分析

高等职业教育既具有高等教育的特点,又具有职业教育的特点,无论是在培养目标、培养模式还是在教学管理等方面,与普通高等教育都有明显的差异。     

论高等学校的规模经济与知识联盟

对1995年以来我国高等学校的规模经济状况进行实证分析的结果表明,随着高校规模的急剧扩大,高等学校已逐渐由规模经济过渡为规模不经济。在此条件下,过分追求高校规模的扩大并非一种理性的选择,建立高等学校的知识联盟则是一种较好的制度安排。     

社会主义市场经济条件下高等教育运行机制的基本框架

在计划经济条件下 ,调节和提高高等教育发展速度、规模、结构、质量和效益的要求常常来自高等院校外部。在社会主义市场经济条件下的高等教育运行机制中 ,则存在着一种内在的驱动力和激励机制去推动高等院校保持适当的发展速度和规模 ,不断优化结构 ,提高办学质量和效益。建立健全完善的社会主义市场经济条件下的高等教育运行机制 ,对于调节高等教育发展速度与规模 ,优化高等教育结构 ,提高高等教育质量和效益 ,对于推动我国高等教育事业健康平衡地发展 ,具有十分重要的意义。     

天津市高等教育与经济关系研究

通过定量与定性相结合的方法,对天津市高等教育与经济的关系进行了验证,分析了天津市教育及经济的协调性,得出了天津市教育与经济基本均衡、教育对天津市区域经济的发展发挥了巨大的推动作用的结论,针对天津市教育所存在的问题提出了相应的建议。     

论知识经济时代我国高等职业教育的发展

知识经济的到来，必然对我国的高等职业教育提出新的挑战，高等职业教育要适应知识经济的发展要求，必须确立新思想、新观念和新的发展方向。一要对学生进行职业定位，二要构建开放的高等职业教育体系，三要搞好产学研结合，四要向国际化方向发展。