信息优势与投资者地缘效应的关系研究

投资者偏爱地理位置近的上市公司的现象被称为地缘效应,其成因一直是资本市场中的一个未解之谜。本文以上海、天津、大连的3710名投资者为研究样本,从信息优势角度解释了地缘效应。研究发现,中国资本市场内部存在地缘效应;信息优势与地缘效应之间存在倒U型关系,即当信息优势小于临界值时,地缘效应随着信息优势的增强而增强;当信息优势大于临界值时,地缘效应随着信息优势的增强而减弱。研究认为随着信息优势强度的增加,信息目标由少到多,信息涉及的上市公司由近及远,由此使得投资者投资的分散程度不断提高,这是信息优势与地缘效应之间呈现倒U型关系的主要原因。     

Affordances and constraints processes of smart service systems: Insights from the case of seaport security in Ghana

Although smart service systems have received increasing attention in information systems research, their affordances and constraints processes are less studied. In this study, we draw on interpretive case study methodology and technology affordances and constraints theory to investigate a smart service system use for seaport security in Ghana. With insights from the case of Ghana, we introduce an affordance constraints process as a framework to complement the existing affordance actualisation process framework in information systems. Thus, this study contributes to affordance theory with a new constraints process. The study’s findings show that smart service systems for seaport security afford autonomous access control, real-time security monitoring, and autonomous data capturing for analytics and reporting. However, such affordances can be constrained by power and internet outages, limited storage capacity, and device breakdowns. From these findings, we discuss implications for theory, research, and practice as well as limitations and directions for future research.     

Promoting the continuing usage of strategic information systems: The role of supervisory leadership in the successful implementation of enterprise systems

Organizations face significant challenges in capturing value from their investments in strategic information systems such as enterprise systems (ES). Managers are a powerful source of influence shaping the post-adoption attitudes and behaviors of users and the success of ES. However, the extant IS literature has focused primarily on the role of top management and theoretical explanations of the role of supervisors in fostering continuing usage of ES are lacking. Drawing on transformational leadership theory and the IS continuance (ISC) model, this paper conceptualizes a theoretical model differentiating the influence mechanisms through which different types of leadership behaviors influence the success of ES. Data collected from 192 users of ES confirms our theorization. We find that transformational leadership behaviors of supervisors influence users’ evaluations of satisfaction and perceived usefulness, while their transactional leadership behaviors influence users’ ES continuance intention by moderating the effects of user satisfaction and perceived usefulness on ES continuance intention. This study advances research on the role of leadership behaviors of supervisors in capturing value from enterprise systems. The research also contributes to practice by suggesting effective strategies for promoting continued usage of mission critical systems such as enterprise systems and delivering value from firms’ IT investments.     

Strategic management of intellectual capital in firms: attempting to bridge the gap between theory and practice

Knowledge Management Research & Practice -     

Protective behavior in ride-sharing through the lens of protection motivation theory and usage situation theory

The frequent occurrence of security incidents in ride-sharing is a challenge for the survival of IT-enabled ride-sharing platforms. Passengers’ protective behavior is an effective means to alleviate this issue, with benefits to both the passengers and the platforms. This study explores the mechanisms of passengers’ protective behavior in the ride-sharing context by combining protection motivation theory (PMT) and usage situation theory. We test our hypotheses using data (n = 346) collected from a field survey based on a real scenario. The findings reveal that PMT and usage situation theory work well to explain passengers’ protective behavior during ride-sharing. This study explains the motivation behind passengers’ protective behavior in the ride-sharing context, extends the contents of PMT by exploring its antecedents, and extends the contents of usage situation theory by introducing a new dimension. Our findings can help ride-sharing platforms take appropriate strategies to improve passengers’ protective behavior.     

信息技术环境下组织创新的系统行为及其复杂性

 定义了信息技术环境下企业组织创新的概念内涵;利用不连续生长曲线、吸引子、吸子盆、匹配图景、分形和非线性发展模式等复杂系统理论与方法探讨了企业组织创新的系统行为及其复杂性。结果表明：（1）信息技术环境下企业组织创新是一项协同性的系统创新,决定系统行为的四个基本变量是组织文化创新、业务流程创新、组织结构创新和信息技术创新;（2）组织文化既是稳定的吸引子,又是不稳定的混沌吸引子;组织文化创新是整个组织创新的先导和保障;（3）通过高绩效的组织创新,处于混沌边缘的组织能够跃迁到一个新的、具有更高复杂性和一致性的动态稳定阶段;（4）在组织系统不连续生长周期的相对稳定阶段和相对不稳定阶段,企业通常分别实施渐进性组织创新和根本性组织创新。     

Emancipation in cross-cultural IS research: The fine line between relativism and dictatorship of the intellectual

Critical research is becoming increasingly accepted as a valid approach to research in information systems. It is deemed to be particularly suitable for situations where researchers want to address conspicuous injustice, such as in areas of development or the digital divide. Critical research in information systems (CRIS), I will argue, is a possible approach to some of the ethical problems arising in the context of information and communication technology (ICT). It can be sensitive to the question of culture and therefore suitable for researching cross-cultural ethical questions in ICT. It is often unclear, however, what exactly critical research stands for and to what extent critical approaches are applicable across cultural boundaries. This paper will address these problems by proposing a definition of critical research as focused on changing the status quo and aiming for emancipation. It will then look at the question whether different cultures are compatible and comparable and what the role of culture in research on information systems is. The paper will then return to the question whether the critical intention to emancipate and empower humans is an expression of cultural imperialism or whether there are valid ways of promoting emancipation across cultural divides.     

政府信息公开中隐私权与知情权的博弈及平衡

政府信息公开可以确保公民知情权的不断满足,但同时公民隐私权被侵害的可能性也随之加大,两者间的冲突成为一个不可回避的问题.通过对政府信息公开中隐私权与知情权的内涵、保护制度,两者冲突的探讨,指出平衡两者利益,协调两者冲突的途径与方法.     

网络中心度对员工信息系统采纳后使用行为的影响研究

基于社会网络视角,针对员工系统使用过程中的应对和影响机制,研究不同帮助网络的中心度与不同信息系统采纳后使用行为之间的关系,并以55个工作团队,220个员工为样本进行问卷调查,对整体模型进行实证研究。结果表明,应对信息系统常规化使用和创新性使用所产生的挑战,员工获得帮助的网络中心度将产生促进作用,而员工给予帮助的网络中心度将使员工具有更强的影响力,从而有利于员工的创新性使用行为。     

环境保护中政府规制对企业行为的影响及其博弈分析

十八届三中全会强调必须建立系统完整的生态文明制度体系,用制度保护生态环境。由于环境保护的投入成本及外部性,作为不同利益主体的政府和企业,在环境保护中利益博弈就会不可避免的发生。分析了我国环境保护中的政府规制与企业行为,具体论述了环境保护的两大利益相关主体——政府和企业,在环境污染和环境监管中的利益关系及其博弈过程。结果表明：政府虽投入大量资源进行规制,却难有效果,关键是由于规制政策的规范性和实施程度不够。由于政府和企业在环境保护中存在非合作博弈,企业在政府的环境管制政策下时往往都是从企业竞争力、企业绩效等自身利益角度来实施环境保护,因此在环境保护方面存在着滞后性。针对目前的这种情况,从环境保护的角度对政府和企业提出加强环境保护的对策建议。     

深化体制改革 为调节收入分配差距创造良好的体制环境

收入分配差距和收入分配结构的变化与经济体制、政治体制和行政体制直接相关。通过深化经济体制改革,进一步完善社会主义市场经济体制、深化政治体制改革,构建社会主义和谐社会所需要的政治体制;深化行政体制改革,破除行业行政垄断,促进公平竞争。只有适应构建社会主义和谐社会的要求,继续深化经济体制和政治体制及行政体制改革,才能为调节过大的收入分配差距,实现社会和谐创造所需要的体制环境。     

The role of a digital engineering platform in appropriating the creation of new work-related mind-set and organisational discourse in a large multi-national company

This paper reports on a case study involving a strategic and innovative approach to creation of an in-house multifaceted digital engineering platform (the DEP) in overcoming a number of organisational problems at a multinational engineering company. The DEP was to be used strategically for simplifying the operational complexity and to create and appropriate new work-related mind-set and new organisational discourse to achieve homogenous working across the organisation, which is a huge challenge. The need for this system emerged from the need to resolve many organisational services related problems that carried phenomenal amount of processes, health and safety risks and to regulate, and, control the running of engineering project. Research data were collected using a longitudinal case study approach over a period of six months. In order to make sense of how the DEP helped the organisation, the study used certain elements of Extended Structuration Theory as a lens to assess the case study. This research discovered that the DEP succeeded in creating and appropriating work-related mind-set and organisational discourse. It also had real influence on working processes and employees at all levels while encouraging transparency, responsiveness, agility and accountability. It continues to help the organisation to govern, manage and maintain good standard of service but many barriers still remain.     

AARLN的发展及其服务模式对我国科技型图书馆服务建设的启示

本文首先介绍了澳大利亚学术与科研图书馆网络(AARIN)的发展过程并对其服务模式进行了简要描述；其次探讨了AARIN对我国科技型图书馆服务建设的几点启示。本文认为，在当前电子信息环境下，我国科技型图书馆应认真研究用户信息需求特点，探索以用户为中心的图书馆服务新模式。为此，要加强科技型图书馆间的合作，发展高校与专业图书馆协作网络。     

叙词表在网络环境下的新应用及对我国的启示

The article first gives a review of the latest development in the application of the thesauri in the network environment, then points out the problems which need extra attention in the development of Internet thesauri. It also ana-lyzes how China is developing Internet theasuri, and points out that if we can solve the problems of the electronic thesauri,they will play a more important role in information organization and retrieval.     

协同创新中组织声誉与组织间知识分享——环境动态性的调节作用研究

目前关于协同创新中组织间知识分享的研究,涉及组织声誉和环境动态性因素的研究较少。通过对浙江地区213家制造企业的调查,实证研究了组织声誉对协同创新中组织间知识分享的影响作用,以及不同程度环境动态性情景下,组织声誉对协同创新中组织间知识分享影响效用的变化。研究结果表明:网络能力、社会责任和交易公平都促进了协同创新中组织间知识分享的进行,而随着环境动态性程度的增加,网络能力、社会责任和交易公平对组织间知识分享的正向作用减弱。最后,指出了本研究对管理理论与实践的启示。     

企业研发活动与盈余管理-微观企业对宏观产业政策的适应性行为

基于我国沪深两市A股上市公司2008-2014年的财务数据,实证检验了企业研发投入对盈余管理的刺激作用及触发机制,并尝试从盈余管理的视角探讨微观企业对宏观产业政策的适应性行为。实证结果发现,企业研发投入刺激盈余管理行为的发生;盈余管理程度越大,企业获得的财税支持越多,且高研发组的敏感性更强;进一步研究发现,企业的这种盈余管理行为没有影响研发对企业价值的促进作用。     

C2C电商平台中在线评论偏离真实性的诱因及应对策略

通过建立C2C电商平台规则下的买卖双方不对称信息博弈模型,刻画不正当竞争策略中买家的评价行为,得出在线评论偏离真实性的原因:采取"好评返现"策略的卖家,获得高质量好评带来的销售量增益的同时增加了买家的当前收益,导致好评数偏高;买家遭受"差评威胁"时的妥协,激励了卖家采取"差评威胁"策略,导致差评数减少.应对策略:制定规则或法律,保护买家的人身安全,从而减少妥协率,增加卖家的威胁成本,遏制"差评威胁"的发生;制定标准化的评价内容,减少高、低质量好评造成的销售量差额;取消默认好评机制,且"好评返现"的奖励应由平台给出,禁止卖家返现,从而减少虚假好评数量.     

高校教师对创新型科技人才发展环境认知及改革意愿研究

本文基于全国61所高校503位教师的问卷调查,分析了高校教师对创新型科技人才发展环境认知情况,并对比了不同特征下高校教师参与创新型科技人才改革意愿。研究结果表明：科技投入不足是高校创新型科技人才科技工作面临的最突出问题,科技管理体制机制障碍是制约高校创新型科技人才发展的最主要瓶颈,提高收入是高校创新型科技人才亟待解决的最现实需求,科研激励是影响高校创新型科技人才创新能力提升的最关键因素,晋升是激励高校创新型科技人才创新最有效方式,政府和用人单位科技项目资助是高校创新型科技人才培养最有效途径。最后提出大力加大对高校科技投入,着力实现高校科技管理制度创新,快速提高高校科技人员收入,加强科技管理队伍建设等建议。     

我国中小企业企业家能力与企业投资行为关系及其实证研究

运用系统工程的方法,构建矩阵识别关键能力因子,借鉴战略管理理论,采用Delphi和EFE方法,探讨了企业家能力关键因子和对影响企业投资行为的企业家能力因子解释结构模型;研究了企业家能力因子影响企业投资行为的定量评价方案,并进行了实证研究。研究结果表明,对于我国中小企业来说,充分利用企业家能力,可以增强企业的核心竞争力,提高企业投资行为效率。     

心通则艺通——如何拉近教育者与被教育者之间的距离

师者若无心,每教必输也。大学教育能成功进行,其中最重要的一点便是大学教师和学生之间的情感交流和心理沟通。心通而后方能艺通,针对当代大学生特点,结合卡尔·罗杰斯所提出的教师品质,本文就如何进行情感沟通来拉近教育者与被教育者之间的距离提出了几点看法。