Thai students’ choices of vocational education: marketing factors and reference groups

This study aims to identify factors influencing Thai students’ choices of vocational education. By using factor analysis, it reveals five key influencing factors: personal attitude, curriculum, potential employment, attractiveness of campus, and tuition fees. Furthermore, this study also indicates that teachers from secondary school, and parents can insert a strong influence on students’ decision making. In summary, Thai Ministry of Education must carry on promoting a good image of vocational education and its students to the society. Since vocational education has suffered from being perceived as a second class education and taught which militates against effective learning, marketing communication, in an effort to create an on-going understanding with students and community, is strongly recommended.     

'The centre cannot hold': complexity and difference in European Union policy towards a learning society

The notions of lifelong learning and a learning society have been an important policy driver in the European Union at both the Commission and national government levels for a number of years. Overall, these policies aim to promote the twin goals of competitiveness in international markets and social cohesion within the still-expanding borders of the Union itself. To date, however, the impact of this emphasis on lifelong learning has been relatively slight. This article argues that this is in part because the policy process in relation to the development of a learning society is based on a view of governance and power that is open to reasoned dispute, and is, therefore, bound to disappoint in relation to its espoused goals. It is suggested that, rather than implementation being the main ‘problem’ of policy, the policy context inevitably generates many recontextualizations and renegotiations of meanings according to the situations and the actors involved, thereby undermining the notion of ‘implementation’ as a technical-rational process. It is argued that the complex negotiations enacted at local level reveal and are fashioned by tensions between the membership resources available to actors. This emphasizes complexity, diversity, and difference in policy processes, bringing to the fore a communicative and distributed approach to policy rather than one that is technical and centralizing.     

Analysis of Korean students’ international mobility by 2-D model: driving force factor and directional factor

The purpose of this study is to understand the dynamics of Korean students’ international mobility to study abroad by using the 2-D Model. The first D, the driving force factor, explains how and what components of the dissatisfaction with domestic higher education perceived by Korean students drives students’ outward mobility to seek foreign higher education. The second D, the directional factor, describes the factors that influence the choice of destination country for students’ outward mobility, and is explained by the comparison of Korean students’ perceptions on the images of universities in the U.S., China, the U.K., and Australia and their expectations for higher education in each country (categorized as ‘academic’–‘environmental’). Two questionnaire surveys were conducted to analyze the two D factors and the research findings were integrated into suggestions for each country’s higher education institutions that can be incorporated into their recruitment strategies for international students.

教育机会均等问题与升学选择理论

由于升学选择与教育机会均等有着必然的联系,因此对生活在现代学历社会中的人来说,升学选择无疑对他们的人生之路具有非常重要的意义.有关升学选择已吸引着众多学者的注意,在理论研究方面已出现大量成果.但是,这些研究分属于经济学、社会学、心理学等学科领域,彼此之间缺乏应有的交流.本文首先利用三个模型--地位获得模型、成本收益模型、消费模型总结归纳有关升学选择理论,在此基础上,进一步导入阿玛蒂亚·森的潜在能力视角,对教育机会均等问题重新进行分析.     

What does it take to achieve equality of opportunity in education?: An empirical investigation based on Brazilian data

Roemer's [Roemer, J. (1998). Equality of opportunity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.] seminal work on equality of opportunity has contributed to the emergence of a theory of justice that is modern, conceptually clear and easy to mobilize in policy design. Inspired by Roemer's theory, this paper is fundamentally a policy-modeling exercise coupled to a micro data analysis. In a pure allocation setting, we first analyze the reallocations of educational expenditure required to equalize opportunities (taken to be test scores close to the end of compulsory education). Using Brazilian data, we find that implementing an equal-opportunity policy across pupils of different socio-economic background, by using per-pupil spending as the instrument requires multiplying by 6.8 on average the current level of spending on the lowest achieving pupils. This result is driven by the extremely low elasticity of scores to per-pupil spending. We then show that the simultaneous redistribution of monetary and non-monetary inputs, like peer group quality and school effectiveness, considerably reduces—by around 23%—the magnitude of financial redistribution needed.     

教育公平概念的界定

教育公平是社会公正的一个重要组成部分,也是衡量社会公正水平的一个重要尺度。教育公平是指国家对教育资源进行配置时所依据的合理性的规范或原则,是指每个社会成员在享受公共教育资源时受到公正合理的对待,包含平等原则、差别原则和补偿原则。教育公平既体现在教育平等、教育机会均等上,但又不同于教育平等、教育机会均等。     

包容性增长研究：主题嬗变、实质内涵和政策选择

对包容性增长概念的渊源和演变历程,包容性增长的现实旨归、实质内涵和核心指向,实现包容性增长的政策和机制选择,包容性增长理念研究中的若干误区等方面问题所作的评述,将为促进人们思考加快转变经济发展方式、谋求科学发展、促进社会和谐,提供崭新的思考空间。     

韩国中学GIS教育的状态及相关大纲研究

我国大部分中学地理教师应该在地理领域里引入G IS,但是他们对G IS并不了解。现在中学教育中有G IS内容,但还不够完善。由于硬件或软件等G IS环境的不完备,教师对G IS知识了解不够全面。地理课时间不足与地理课程教学大纲相关。G IS教育不兴的原因有:第一,按照国家教育共同基本科目、一般选修科目、深化选修科目等要求,对G IS学习目标划分不清;第二,没有按照各共同基本科目、一般选修科目、深化选修科目的学习内容水平分等级;第三,因为在独立的单元里同时运用G IS概念和应用,所以G IS教育的灵活运用受到了限制。     

Education,horizontal inequalities and ethnic relations in Nigeria

The article focuses on the role of higher education in generating or mitigating inequality among ethno-regional groups and its impact on ethnic relations with evidence from Nigeria. It shows that access to education in Nigeria has been politicised. This is because of the perceived role of education in engendering political and socio-economic inequalities. It assesses the intervention mechanisms of successive Nigerian governments at federal and state levels to expand access to and enhance equity in educational opportunities as well as the responses of the different publics to such programmes. The article shows that although educational inequalities persist, state policies have enhanced the ability of the different ethno-regional groups to produce qualified personnel to occupy critical public service positions. Thus, conflicts that were historically traced to the domination of the public sector of some regions by personnel from other regions have been averted. The Nigerian case study therefore suggests that while policies aimed at equalising access to education may create incentives for ethno-regional mobilisations, they are nevertheless necessary to prevent violent conflicts that arise from perceived ethno-regional domination of the public sector.     

教育地理学研究的现状、问题与出路

教育地理学自20世纪30—40年代产生以来,只有少数人对它进行过断断续续的研究,我国从20世纪90年代开始,有少数人对其学科性质、研究对象、学科体系、研究任务与内容、方法与意义等进行了探讨。而对于实践方面,教育规划、学校布局、区域教育发展、地区教育比较等方面的研究则很多。可见教育地理学的研究没有引起人们足够的重视,研究者数量极少,兼具地理学与教育学专业背景的人微乎其微,理论研究有待深入。论文对教育地理学的现状进行了研究,提出应当把教育地理学的研究明确划分为研究是什么认识问题的教育地理学和怎么做操作、实践问题的教育布局学两方面,并对教育地理学的出路进行探索。     

农业支持制度建设之我见

在传统体制下,中国工农业之间一直未能建立起一种均衡增长和良性循环的关系,一直是以农补工的工农关系,随着我国工业化水平的提高和社会生产力的发展以及农业、农村内外部环境的变化,重新定位工农业关系,建立健全农业支持保护制度,实现向反哺农业、回报农民、扶持农村的转变,已成为我党执政兴国中急需解决的重要课题。     

平均个人教育机会成本计量模型探微

个人教育机会成本是个体因接受教育而放弃的最大收益或付出的代价。目前针对个人教育机会成本的计量模型有三个,但都有值得完善之处。就业率、平均工资、人寿风险和贴现因子应成为构建个人教育机会成本的计量模型的必备因素。     

Filipino parents’ school choice and loyalty: a factor analysis

This quantitative study aims to ascertain the significant relationship existing between parents’ profile, and their school choice and school loyalty. Data were gathered using the researcher’s two-part made instrument. Respondents were first asked to fill in a robotfoto for purpose of profiling their baseline characteristics and were later asked to rate listed indicators, using a modified 8-point Likert scale. Using statistical tools such as the ANOVA, factor analysis, correlation, mean, and standard deviation, data were treated indepth. It is interesting to note that although parents are loyal to their alma mater, this does not have a much impact on their choice of school for their children. On the whole, parents’ choice of school is based on its indispensable qualities. Among the three interval-scale profiles of the parent respondents such as age, income, tuition fee payment and number of children, none of these relate to school choice, but age, income, and tuition fee payment negatively relate to school loyalty. From their nominal-scale profiles, significant differences were noted in their school choice when grouped according to civil status, place of work, and terms of payment. With respect to school loyalty, significant differences occurred in their responses when classified according to gender, terms of payment and their active participation in the Parent-Teacher Association (PTA).