论后代悼亡诗对《绿衣》《葛生》的接受

悼亡诗作为我国诗歌史上传统而古老的诗歌体裁,在抒情审美以及写法上都有独特性。作为悼亡诗的滥觞,《诗经》中的《绿衣》、《葛生》哀悼情感,真挚流露,其中睹物思人、借助典型意向寄托哀思等表现手法对后世悼亡诗有深远影响。随着文学历代演进,作品的独立性和价值日益凸显。后世潘岳、苏轼之悼亡诗为代表别赋新意,不局限于哀悼之伤,也承载个人境遇的倾吐,体裁形式也更完备多变,进行了多角度的拓展。     

《绿衣》、《葛生》之比较阅读——兼论其对悼亡诗的影响

作为我国抒情文学、现实主义文学的源头,《诗经》在后世文学发展中在历代知识分子心灵中留下了深刻的烙印。本文主要探讨《诗经》中的《绿衣》、《葛生》在抒情着眼点、情感内容、抒情手法等方面的异同,以及它们在这些异同层面上对后世悼亡诗的深刻影响。     

首篇悼亡诗到首篇悼亡词抒情模式的承变

同为抒发悼亡之情的《葛生》与《江城子·乙卯正月二十日夜记梦》,在抒情手法上有很多相似之处,然同中亦有异。从第一首悼亡诗与第一首悼亡词之间的比较中,我们不难发现中国悼亡诗词一些共有的抒情模式,及其传承演变的情况。     

《邶风·绿衣》与《唐风·葛生》两性抒情视角下的情感探析

《邶风·绿衣》与《唐风·葛生》同为《诗经》中的悼亡诗,前者从男性的视角进行抒情,后者从女性的视角表达情感。由于抒情视角的不同,这两篇诗歌展现了男性和女性不同的情感特点,从而共同构筑了《诗经》异彩纷呈的情爱世界。     

一样悼亡两样手法——苏轼《江城子》和贺铸《鹧鸪天》之比较

潘岳的《悼亡诗》、元稹的《遣悲怀》、苏轼的《江城子》及贺铸的《鹧鸪天》合称四大悼亡诗歌。他们的悼亡诗作的一个共同特点就是出语低沉哀怨,情感真挚动人。     

论潘岳《悼亡诗》

潘岳是最早以＂悼亡＂命题的西晋太康年间文人,他写了悼念亡妻的三首《悼亡诗》,此后＂悼亡诗＂约定俗成为夫悼亡妻的专门题材。通过挖掘诗歌内涵,再现潘岳其人其情。     

迥异的笔调,同样的哀曲——《悼亡妻》和《江城子——记梦》之比较

苏轼的《江城子——记梦》与弥尔顿的《悼亡妻》分别为中西悼亡诗中的经典之作。这两首诗作虽题材相同,但在诗的风格、艺术表现手法、意象等诸多方面却大相径庭。试从以上几个方面对比分析这两首作品,并找到其差异存在的原因。     

中西悼亡诗的差异和文化根源——比较苏轼的《江城子·十年生死两茫茫》和弥尔顿的On His Deceased Wife

本文通过比较分析苏轼的《江城子》和弥尔顿的On His Deceased Wife两首悼亡诗在意象、内容和风格上的不同,指出中西悼亡诗的差异及其产生的文化根源。     

《绿衣》《葛生》对潘岳《悼亡诗》的影响

潘岳的《悼亡诗》在情感表达方面受《诗经》中的《绿衣》《葛生》二诗影响很深。这种影响表现在以下两个方面:一是借助典型意象,营造物是人非的凄清氛围,表达哀思之情;二是通过写时光的流逝、季节的轮换,表达哀思的连绵不断。     

苏轼和哈代的悼亡诗比较——以《江城子》和《爱玛》组诗为例(英文)

英国哈代与中国苏轼以同样细腻的笔触表达了对亡妻的思念之情,由于东西方文化的差异,两人的悼亡诗各有千秋。哈代的悼亡诗着重的是思,或幻想、或反思;苏轼的悼亡词着重的是一种感伤的思念,对日常生活的追忆。比较哈代的几首"爱玛组诗"与苏轼的《江城子》,可以认识到造成两人悼亡诗差异的文化根源。     

何止诗中有画画中有诗——艺术关系论略

各种艺术都是相通的,相互渗透的。除了"诗中有画,画中有诗",还可以说"诗中有乐,乐中有诗","诗中有舞,舞中有诗","诗中有建筑,建筑中有诗",以及"乐中有画,画中有乐","乐中有舞,舞中有乐","乐中有建筑,建筑中有乐"等。各种艺术的互动和配合,主要发生在想象艺术与听觉艺术、视觉艺术之间,以及听觉艺术与视觉艺术之间。书法地位独特,与其它各种艺术都可能相通互动。     

钦州湾表层海水温度盐度及pH值时空变化

根据2009年春夏秋冬4个季节调查资料,分析钦州湾表层海水温度、盐度及pH值的季节变化和分布特征。结果表明：钦州湾海水平均温度春季20．4℃,夏季30．1℃,秋季16．0℃,冬季14．6℃,变化特征与气温的季节变化相同,空间分布为夏秋季河口区的水温都略高于湾口区,而春冬季则相反。海水平均盐度春季20．067,夏季17．975,秋季23．864,冬季23．660,表现为秋季〉冬季〉春季〉夏季,各季节空间分布总体表现为河口区低,湾口区高的趋势。海水pH平均值春季7．82,夏季8．11,秋季8．01,冬季8．10,全年空间分布高值区均出现在大风江口外海域。钦州湾海水比较适宜大蚝、对虾、文蛤等广温广盐性品种的海水养殖。     

行业特色院校英语学科与专业建设互动机制的建立——从中、美英语学科与专业设置的差异谈起

我国现行的学科与专业目录包括1997年版《授予博士、硕士学位和培养研究生的学科、专业目录》、2012年版《高等学校本科专业目录》以及2011年版《学位授予和人才培养学科目录》.美国的学科与专业目录被称为Classification of Instructional Programs（CIP）.美国的学科、专业分类系统无论在编制理念上还是技术上都比较完善和成熟,它给我国行业特色院校英语学科与专业互动机制的建立带来了一定的启示.美国加州大学洛杉矶分校（UCLA）的语言学科的院系设置和课程设置,也为我国行业院校英语学科的建设提供了宝贵经验.     

Emotional abuse in childhood and suicidality: The mediating roles of re-victimization and depressive symptoms in adulthood

This study examined the effects of emotional abuse in childhood, along with physical and sexual abuse, on suicidality in adulthood, and whether and how emotional abuse and depressive symptoms in adulthood mediate the association between the childhood emotional abuse and suicidality. The data were drawn from the 2012 Korean General Social Survey, a nationally representative survey with a multistage area proportional probability sampling method. Random effects regression and the Sobel test were used to analyze the relationships between childhood emotional abuse and suicidality and the mediating effects. Random effects models showed that emotional abuse in childhood was positively associated with suicidality in adulthood, even after controlling for physical and sexual abuse in childhood. Emotional abuse and depressive symptoms in adulthood mediated the association between emotional abuse in childhood and suicidality. Depressive symptoms also mediated between emotional abuse in adulthood and suicidality. These findings suggest that emotional abuse in childhood has indirect harmful effects on suicidality in adulthood. It increases suicidality through higher occurrences of re-victimization and depressive symptoms in adulthood. Practitioners and policy makers should recognize that experiences of emotional abuse in childhood may result in re-victimization in adulthood, which, in turn, lead to suicidality. Early intervention programs to reduce the likelihood of experiencing re-victimization may be critical for people exposed to emotional abuse in childhood.     

论先秦汉语动词作主语、宾语

先秦汉语动词作主语、宾语跟名词作主语、宾语是不同的，先秦汉语动词作主语、宾语有四种不同情形：动词作主语、宾语；动词作主语、宾语后活用为名词；动词作主语、宾语时兼有名词性质；动词跟作主语、宾语的词是不同的单位。因此，先秦汉语动词的活用和兼类就少一些。     

20世纪90年代我国区域高等教育公平与效率变化的实证研究

公平和效率是各国高等教育发展中存在的重要问题之一。一般认为公平和效率在理论上和宏观上是可以统一的，并能够得到协调发展和可持续发展。然而，从微观和实践层面上分析却往往会发现存在一种矛盾现象，似乎是一个不可调和的两难问题。我国省(市)高等教育发展的公平与效率就是当前急需关注的一个典型的、具体的问题。通过对反映我国1999年和2000年各省(市)高等教育和经济发展状况的多指标进行聚类、相关等统计分析，考察了我国20世纪90年代高等教育区域公平和效率的发展变化特征，并通过对二者量化关系的揭示，对我国省(市)20世纪90年代高等教育公平与效率问题进行了实证分析和评估，并对我国未来省(市)高等教育的进一步发展提出了相应的对策和建议。     

A comparative examination of schools' responses to bereavement and the associated needs of the school community in Galway,West of Ireland and Derry,Northern Ireland

The aim and objective of this study is to examine and compare how schools in Galway, Republic of Ireland and Derry in the North of Ireland (cities located within two independent jurisdictions in Ireland) manage and respond to bereavement. To carry out a survey of schools, the ‘Loss in Schools’ questionnaire is considered the most suitable tool. The questionnaire, which contains 10 questions designed to unearth pertinent issues including the needs and concerns of schools, had previously been administered in studies in Hull. Sixty questionnaires were administered in both Galway and Derry, with a return of 38 and 35, respectively. This study illuminates important aspects of the topic. The schools in both Galway and Derry rate bereavement (and parental separation) as highly important in terms of priorities. In terms of policy, some of the respondents in both study sites report that loss is included in their school's policy documents but not formally included in the curriculum. A designated staff member (who would speak to the pupil experiencing the death of a family member or significant other) is evident in 37% of Derry schools and 23% of Galway schools. Some members of staff in both study sites have attended training in bereavement, although the courses are relatively short term. Schools request assistance from other agencies outside the formal schools arena in times of need. In Galway the psychology services are most commonly consulted, while in Derry the Western Education and Library Board Bereavement Counselling teams and Cruse Bereavement Care are identified as additional resources from which help is sought. This paper outlines recommendations on schools' training needs in the area of child bereavement and the request for support to help further develop and formalise school policies.     

Trust in top management and immediate supervisor: The relationship to satisfaction,perceived organizational effectiveness,and information receiving

Utilizing 2068 individuals in 60 organizations in the U.S. and Italy, this study (a) examines the overall relationship between trust in top management and immediate supervisor and overall estimates of satisfaction and perceived organizational effectiveness, (b) compares the amount of variance in satisfaction and effectiveness that can be explained by trust in top management to the amount of variance explained by trust in immediate supervisor, and (c) clarifies the role of information receiving as a predictor of trust in top management and immediate supervisor. Results of a canonical correlation analysis indicated that the canonical equation explained 49% of the variance in the linear composites (Canonical R = .69, p < .001). Trust in top management was more strongly associated with satisfaction and effectiveness than was trust in immediate supervisor. Tzvo separate multiple regression analyses indicated that after controlling for geographic location of company and type of industry, information received about job and organizational issues uniquely explained 26% of the variance in trust in top management and 13% of the variance in trust in immediate supervisor.     

Gender disparities in science and engineering in Chinese universities

Gender disparities in science and engineering majors in Chinese universities have received increasing attention from researchers and educators in China in recent years. Using data from a national survey of college students who graduated in 2005, this study documents gender disparities in enrollment and academic performance in science and engineering majors, and explores gender disparities in initial employment experiences of science and engineering graduates. It finds that females lag far behind males in enrollment in science and engineering majors overall. However, females actually are more represented than males in some majors such as mathematics and chemistry though the reverse is true for other science and engineering majors. Also, in science and engineering majors, females perform better than males in both general course grades and in English competency tests. Male science and engineering graduates have a clear advantage over their female counterparts in initial employment after graduation: they have a high employment rate, a higher starting salary, and are more likely to be employed in such jobs as business management and technical specialist. The male advantage in employment rate and starting salary persists even after controlling for other factors.     

孔子的语言观和语言美

孔子是哲学大师,亦是语言大师。《论语》的巨大影响,在于其思想之精深,亦在于其语言之魅力。孔子的语言观具有几个特点：一是言行一致,二是名实一致,三是文质一致,四是时中的方法,五是老实的态度。孔子的语言具有多方面的美学特征：一是匀称美,二是气势美,三是弹性美,四是睿智美,五是自然美,六是崇高美,七是刚力美,八是人格美,九是无言美。孔子的语言观极具原创性,进而影响其思想;孔子的语言美颇有吸引力,进而传播其思想。其语言的深邃和美相得益彰,凸显孔子思想的伟大。