Quantitative studies of student self-assessment in higher education: a critical analysis of findings

Student self-assessment occurs when learners make judgements about aspects of their own performance. This paper focuses on one aspect of quantitative self-assessments: the comparison of student-generated marks with those generated by teachers. Studies including such comparisons in the context of higher education courses are reviewed and the following questions are addressed: (i) do students tend to over- or under-rate themselves vis-á-vis teachers?, (ii) do students of different abilities have the same tendencies?, (iii) do students in different kinds or levels of course tend to under- or over-rate themselves?, (iv) do students improve their ability to rate themselves over time or with practice?, (v) are the same tendencies evident when self-marks are used for formal assessment purposes?, and (vi) are there gender differences in self-rating? The paper also discusses methodological issues in studies of this type and makes recommendations concerning the analysis and presentation of information.     

An investigation of an experiment model in the physical sciences for the junior high student

An experiment designed to increase the students' capacity for investigating physical science problems empirically.     

浅谈化学实验中学生应具备的实验技能

化学实验是化学学科培养学生能力的重要渠道和最具有化学科学特色的方式，笔者根据多年在化学实验室工作实践，从化学实验中不可忽视的数据，常出现的错误以及难溶污物的清除方法等三个方面加以论述学生应具备的试验技能。     

Classroom factors and student characteristics predicting students' use of achievement standards during ability self-assessment

The literature suggests that upper-elementary-school students have a strong inclination to conclude that they are competent in mathematics. How do students of widely varying abilities reach this conclusion? Do task structures, grading practices, and grouping patterns influence the achievement standards that students use in reaching a positive evaluation of their ability? Findings from analyses of 1,570 upper-elementary students who believe that they are good at math include the following. (1) The combination of differentiated task structures and infrequent grades is associated with students' low reliance on adults' assessments and across-domain comparisons as bases for their positive self-concepts, but the combination of differentiated task structures and frequent grades is associated with heavy reliance on these 2 standards. (2) Students' use of social comparison and task mastery is stratified according to students' talent levels when grades are frequent, but when grades are infrequent even untalented students decide on the basis of (selective?) social comparisons and (exaggerated?) estimates of task mastery that they are good at math.     

生物实验教学促进学生素质教育解析

生物学本身就是一门实验学科,各种生命现象和生命活动规律主要是通过观察、实验获得的。如叶的结构,通过学生动手、观察、分析得出只有气孔能向外散失水分,靠近叶上表皮的栅栏组织含叶绿体数目多,排列整齐,因此绿色要深一些。教师要使学生明确生物学知识,必须用科学的方法、实事求是的作风去     

Frequency of examinations and student achievement in a randomized experiment

We carry out a randomized experiment involving undergraduate students enrolled at an Italian University attending two introductory economics classes to evaluate the impact on achievement of examination frequency and interim feedback provision. Students in the treated group were allowed to undertake an intermediate exam and were informed about the results obtained, while students in the control group could only take the final exam. The results show that students undertaking the intermediate exam perform better both in terms of the probability of passing the exams and of grades obtained. High ability students appear to benefit more from the treatment. The experiment design allows us to disentangle “workload division or commitment” effects from “feedback provision” effects. We find that the estimated treatment impact is due exclusively to the first effect, while the feedback provision has no positive effect on performance. Finally, the better performance of treated students in targeted examinations seems not to be obtained at the expenses of results earned in other examinations.     

通过对照实验的设计培养学生探究能力

生物学是一门以实验为基础的自然科学,生物实验教学的基本思想之一是通过对照来研究和揭示研究对象的某种属性。生物教师应从科学的认识方法论的角度,通过优化设计并安排一系列有针对性的实验,引导学生思维,培养学生的探究能力。     

Effects of self-assessment feedback on self-assessment and task-selection accuracy

Metacognition and Learning - Effective self-regulated learning in settings in which students can decide what tasks to work on, requires accurate self-assessment (i.e., a judgment of own level of...