国内旅游商品研究综述

关于我国旅游商品的研究,国内现有文献较多且主要集中体现在对旅游商品的概念和内涵、旅游商品开发过程中出现的问题及对策等方面的研究。文章通过对各文献中旅游商品、旅游产品、旅游购物品、旅游纪念品定义的比较分析,依据目前大多数研究者的共识绘制了四者的关系图谱。接着列举了我国旅游商品开发所存在的问题及应对策略,并对目前研究中所显现出来的一些局限性进行了归纳分析,期望能够对国内相关研究及实践产生一定的借鉴意义。     

Computer-prepared questionnaires and grouping theories: Considerations for mail surveys in academic settings

Possible respondents in a 1974 survey of University of Kentucky doctoral graduates were sent either computer-prepared or offset-printed questionnaires, personalized and identical in content. No difference was found in the overall response rates to the two types of instruments. But when the responses were categorized by the academic major of each recipient according to the theories of Holland (1973) and Biglan (1973a, 1973b), differential response rates appeared. Moreover, interactions of questionnaire type and grouping category were also evident. Response rates were projected using the best type of questionnaire for each grouping category in which a significant interaction occurred. Neither grouping theory was found to be superior to the other in projected response rates.     

Motor skills, automaticity and developmental dyslexia: A review of the research literature

This paper reviews a body of prominent theoriesof automaticity in developmental dyslexia. Thefirst part of the review considers therelationship between dyslexia and rapidautomatic naming and fluency. Additionaltheoretical and empirical advances aresuggested to this already strong research base.In particular, there is a need is forexperimental work elucidating the nature ofnaming speed deficits and providing independentevidence of the automaticity of rapid naming.The second part of the review considersevidence for deficits in motor automaticity indyslexic children. Here, a more mixed patternof results is evident. It is concluded thatthere is currently clearer evidence forlanguage-based than motor-based automaticitydeficits. Future motor automaticity research islikely to require the routine screening of poorreaders for common co-occurring developmentaldifficulties, improved sampling and prospectivelongitudinal studies.     

Twenty years of research on total quality management in Higher Education: A systematic literature review

Faced with intensified global education competition, universities and other Higher Education institutions are implementing Total Quality Management (TQM) to keep rivals at bay. Meanwhile, research interest in TQM in Higher Education is growing. This paper reviews the achievements and limitations of extant research on TQM in Higher Education, and discusses directions for future research. The paper finds that extant research focuses on (1) teaching and learning but neglects research and industry engagement; (2) an isolated factor (e.g., teacher) but neglects other factors (e.g., facilities); (3) the Higher Education sector in advanced countries but neglects the Higher Education sector in developing countries; and (4) TQM as a phenomenon but neglects theory development and integration. Future research needs to address these limitations, adopt a more holistic perspective, and take a more inclusive and comprehensive approach to TQM in the Higher Education sector.     

Science education textbook research trends: a systematic literature review

The number of science education research papers has been rapidly rising in recent years. This number has been particularly influenced by researchers from non-English speaking countries who contribute to the field. With this number of papers, literature reviews gain in importance as they help researchers more easily orient themselves in problem areas. The authors of this study present a literature review on science textbook research. The importance of textbooks in education is indisputable, yet research in this field is surprisingly unbalanced between particular regions or states. In this paper, a review of 183 papers published between 2000 and 2018, indexed to the Web of Science database, is introduced. The results show that researchers in Europe and the USA focus on textbook research more than researchers elsewhere in the world. The textbooks most frequently researched on are science books for secondary schools. Textbook research consists mostly of analysing learning concepts and how concepts are integrated, non-textual elements in textbooks, visual representations, learning content or learning text analysis.     

我国教育叙事研究文献综述

教育叙事研究从国外引进以来,得到了广大教育工作者的密切关注。作为一种质性研究方法,弥补了我国传统的实证主义方法的不足。教育叙事研究不仅是一种研究方法,而且是一种表达方式和思维模式。     

网络文学评述

20世纪末,网络介入了文学生产的全过程。网络文学带来了崭新的审美方式和价值追求,实现了文学的自由发展;不过,创作主题的单一和重复使网络文学的发展思路变得狭窄,网络文学有自己的局限和不足。真正的网络文学和纸介文学应该是相通的,互补的。     

The distribution of misbehavior: A research note

The numbers of disciplinary referrals to the principal's office for 202 boys and 202 girls from a middle-class, suburban junior high school were obtained from student records and fitted to a highly skewed negative binomial distribution. The fitted and observed distributions do not significantly differ by Chi-square test (p <.05) nor in a cross-validation sample of 219 boys and 212 girls in another school. Exemplifying the high positive skew of the distribution, 54% of the boys in one school had no referrals; 20%, one; 9%, two; and one boy, 15.     

Summer session faculty salaries: A research note

This brief research note addresses the issue of summer session faculty salaries. Specifically, it demonstrates that for 77 reporting institutions, only 15 indicated that they paid the standard 2/9ths, or 22.2%, of the previous academic year's salary for full-time summer session teaching. The percentages paid for full-time summer session faculty ranged from 11% to 34%, with an average rate of 17.4%.     

The assessment of quality in higher education: A critical review of the literature and research

The article discusses the elusive concept of quality and the problems involved in attempting to assess it. The article provides a comprehensive yet critical review of the literature and empirical research studies undertaken on the subject matter. Three types of studies are identified and are reviewed relative to their major findings, strengths, and weaknesses. Issues that remain to be resolved are also identified and discussed.     

Teacher capacity for and beliefs about data-driven decision making: A literature review of international research

Data-driven decision making continues to be a growing educational reform initiative across the globe. The effective use of data requires that teachers develop the knowledge and skills to analyze and use data to improve instruction. The purpose of this article is to examine teachers’ capacity for and beliefs about data use. These issues are examined through a review of research in the past decade. We find that teachers’ beliefs about and capacity for data use are often not connected within the literature or in practice, but we argue they are the heart of the connection between data and instructional change. Teachers’ capacity to use data and their beliefs about data use are shaped within their professional communities, in training sessions, and in their interactions with coaches, consultants, and principals. However, efforts to develop teachers’ capacity for data use often fall short of their goals. Correspondingly, teachers have varied beliefs about data use, and some feel they lack the ability to use data to inform instruction. In order to be more successful, capacity building should directly address teachers’ beliefs, and data use must be decoupled from external accountability demands and involve a variety of information on student learning.     

The literature on planned organizational change: A review and analysis

In this paper, the state of the art of the literature on change is examined in an attempt to explain why most attempts at change in schools fail. The historical development of modern change studies is traced from the early 1940s to the present. This evolution is analyzed and evaluated and some probable future directions in the literature are suggested. Finally, some preliminary conclusions are drawn and reasons are suggested for the failure of most attempts at change.     

国内外马基雅维利共和思想研究文献综述

马基雅维利在政治思想史中是一位颇具争议的思想家。本文通过分析各路学者解读马基雅维利共和思想的不同路径,试图找到理解马基雅维利共和思想的钥匙。     

高职英语教学模式研究文献述评

利用关键词搜索的方式,对上个世纪80年代后期至今,知网数据库中所搜到关于高职英语教学模式的文献进行了查阅、分析和整理。通过研究得出:各类教学大纲在高职英语教学中有着举足轻重的作用。特别体现在《大学英语课程教学要求》(试行)颁布以来,促使高职院校关于英语教学的研究实现了数量与质量上的突飞猛进,其研究所关注的重点也逐渐由语言学习转向语言技能培养,从传统教学模式逐渐走向对新模式的探究,教学主体也由传统的老师为主体转变成了以学生为主体,评价方式由单一的课程评价发展成多元化。本文对长久以来的高职英语教学相关研究文献做出了研究述评,旨在为我国当前的高职英语教学提供借鉴和参考。     

The effect of extra credit projects on learning: A research note

This study explores the effect of extra credit projects (ECPS) on specific (paper) and general (final exam) learning. ECPS involved the demonstration of mastery of a specific course objective, using selected criminological theories to critically evaluate a current journal article. The term paper also required the application of two criminological theories to a problem. Data were drawn from a large (N?=?222) criminology lecture class. The results of a multiple regression analysis indicated that completion of ECPS was positively associated with grades on the term paper but not with generalized learning. The full models explained between 20 and 40% of the variance in outcome measures.     

Attention deficit disorder: A review of literature

A review of current and available literature tends to suggest that the search for identifying universal and specific features of handicapping conditions continues, as disagreement emerges over the construct of Attention Deficit Disorder. This paper attempts to summarize the debate in professional literature regarding the definitions, implications, diagnosis, and future research of Attention Deficit Disorder with and without hyperactivity.     

Proportional reasoning: A review of the literature

This paper presents a review of the research on proportional reasoning. Methodologies used in proportional reasoning studies are presented first. The discussion is then organized around the following topics: strategies use to solve proportion problems, including erroneous strategies; factors that influence performance on proportion problems, both task-related and subject-related; training studies. The discussion is accompanied by suggestions for educational and research applications. This paper was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. SED 79-18962. Any opinions, findings and conclusions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The authors would like to express their appreciation to Elizabeth K. Stage and Joan Heller for comments on an earlier draft of this paper.