我国教育考试机构专业化建设的内容与途径

《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010—2020年)》和《国务院关于进一步深化考试招生制度改革的实施意见》都提出要建设专业化教育考试机构。为全面推进我国专业化教育考试机构建设,在明确专业化教育考试机构内涵的基础上,本研究试图厘清专业化教育考试机构建设的主要内容,进而提出专业化教育考试机构建设的具体途径。     

我国教育考试招生队伍研究述评

教育考试招生队伍是推动教育考试事业发展的核心动力,在建设专业化教育考试机构中发挥着重要作用。本文运用文献分析法,从文献的数量、内容、作者单位以及地区分布等方面对当前国内考试招生队伍研究的现状进行了分析,以期推动深化相关研究,为提高教育考试机构人员素质、促进教育考试机构专业化建设提供参考。     

声音

戴家干：科学谋划系统推进考试评价制度改革 教育部考试中心主任戴家干指出,只有发展专业化、职业化的考试评价机构,才能确保考试运行按照专业化的标准、程序和要求来进行。为此,考试机构要加快管理体制改革,实现从管理本位向服务教育、服务教学、服务学术发展的专业化考试评价与服务机构转变。     

声音

戴家干：科学谋划系统推进考试评价制度改革 教育部考试中心主任戴家干指出,只有发展专业化、职业化的考试评价机构,才能确保考试运行按照专业化的标准、程序和要求来进行。为此,考试机构要加快管理体制改革,实现从管理本位向服务教育、服务教学、服务学术发展的专业化考试评价与服务机构转变。     

英、美、日、韩及台湾地区考试机构文化建设对我国大陆的启示

英、美、日、韩等国及我国台湾地区教育考试机构先进的文化建设及特色,对我们构建教育考试机构的组织文化有一定的启示和借鉴意义。这些国家(地区)考试机构建设考试文化理念的是:服务社会化、机构专业化、考试标准化、评价多元化。启示和借鉴:教育考试机构应逐步向专业化、社会化、服务性机构转型;专业化的教育考试机构需要专业化队伍和信息化管理机制;考试机构人员要树立"公平"和"以人为本"的服务理念;教育考试机构要在服务社会的同时形成自己的特色与品牌。     

教育考试机构专业化建设比较及其路径的思考

《教育规划纲要》从国家教育发展战略的高度提出了专业化考试机构之目标。本文回顾分析我国教育考试机构专业化进程及与发达国家对比研究的现状,总结目前理论研究中存在的不足,提出了以新公共管理理论为基础,探索符合我国国情的教育考试机构专业化建设路径。     

充分发挥人才队伍在建设专业化教育考试机构中的作用

人才队伍在建设专业化教育考试机构中发挥着重要作用。论文分析了教育考试机构专业化建设中存在的人才结构失衡、核心人才缺乏以及人才管理模式单一等问题,以人才管理作为研究的切入点,探讨教育考试机构专业化进程中队伍建设的重要性及其建设路径和制度保障。     

“2020学术研讨会暨中国教育发展战略学会教育考试专业委员会第二届学术论坛”在上海举行

为贯彻落实《深化新时代教育评价改革总体方案》,加快推进"富有时代特征、彰显中国特色、体现世界水平的教育评价体系"建设,提升教育考试机构专业化能力,上海市教育考试院与中国教育发展战略学会教育考试专业委员会于2020年11月28日—30日联合举办了"2020学术研讨会暨中国教育发展战略学会教育考试专业委员会第二届学术论坛"。     

试论国家教育考试机构定位

国家教育考试肩负为国选材重任,但国家教育考试机构的定位却不尽合理。从中国考试机构发展史、教育考试机构现状以及现行政策、法律制度、国情考情等来看,将其定位为行政机构,具有历史传统、法理基础和现实需求,也是促进其专业化建设的前提和基础,对推动教育考试事业科学发展具有重要意义。     

加强机构自身建设,促进教育考试招生事业科学发展

《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要(2010—2020)》明确提出考试招生制度改革是教育体制改革的一部分,并提出了一系列改革任务及措施。本文分析了新形势下省级教育考试机构加强自身建设的必要性与重要性,分析了国际考试机构的成功经验,并从"加强命题及其研究工作、提升教育考试机构核心能力,加强教育考试评价服务、完善省级教育考试机构功能,加强考试招生研究、提升省级教育考试机构软实力,以及提升专业化水准,更好地服务考生、服务社会"等四个方面提出了加强省级教育考试机构自身建设的建议。     

中学音乐教师专业发展的影响因素及对策

影响中学音乐教师的专业发展的因素,既有应试教育政策的影响,也有音乐教师自身专业素质的局限。教育管理部门和学校就要为音乐教师的专业发展提供良好的外部环境和政策支持,音乐教师自己也要不断地加强学习和研究,寻找专业发展的空间和条件。     

The ACSET Advice – A Perspective From Higher Education

Professional development is undergoing a period of radical change as funds are progressively transferred from local education authorities to schools. In the future schools will be increasingly responsible for the planning, organisation, implementation and evaluation of their own professional development. To help schools meet these challenges, we describe a new initiative in the management of professional development: a part‐time, 1 year course leading to an Advanced Certificate in Education in Professional Development Co‐ordination. Through questionnaires, interviews and analyses of the course members’ assignments, we explore the previous practice of professional development in the course members’ own schools; their expectations of and reactions to the course; and the effects the course has already had on developing practice in the schools. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings for the future support of professional development in practice.     

浅析教师职业生涯规划与教师专业发展之关系

教师专业发展是当今许多国家普遍关注的问题,而且在终身教育思想的指导下,我们要对教师专业发展进行全方位的审视,提高教师专业发展水平。本文从教师职业生涯规划和教师专业发展相关关系以及二者结合的重要意义进行简单分析,基于此对教师进行审视,希望能够有利于促进教师个人成长,使教师这一职业更具有专业性。     

Professional re-accreditation: constructing educational policy for career-long teacher professional learning

Competence as a measure of ‘fitness to practice’ and its evaluation through mechanisms of personal performance review, has led to the introduction of systems in a number of professions which link appraisal to the maintenance of professional registration (variously referred to as re-validation, re-certification, re-accreditation, etc.). This shift towards the requirement to actively maintain registration is becoming increasingly common in the teaching profession in many countries too. This paper presents an examination of the enactment of this global policy trend towards teacher re-accreditation at a national level. Here, we analyse the policy discourse and rhetoric around the introduction of professional re-accreditation of teachers in Scotland, where it is referred to as ‘Professional Update’, and track this through to the preparation of those carrying out interviews for re-accreditation in one of the three local authorities involved in piloting the initiative. In doing this we aim to show the ways in which policy serves to construct teacher subjectivities though processes of appraisal and how policy actors positions themselves and are positioned within these policy-making processes.     

Tackling behaviour and attendance issues in schools in Wales: implications for training and professional development

In 2009, the Welsh Assembly Government published its Report on the review of behaviour and attendance in schools in Wales. The National Behaviour and Attendance Review (NBAR) in Wales was chaired by the author of this paper. Both the Review and the Welsh Assembly Government’s response contained recommendations related to the training and professional development needs of staff in schools and local authorities (LAs). A paper on the professional development needs of staff on behaviour and attendance based on the NBAR recommendations is published in the same edition of this journal. This follow‐up paper focuses upon the Welsh Assembly Government’s response to these recommendations and its implementation plan on which the author acted as the professional adviser. The Welsh Assembly Government accepted with cross‐party support that the training and professional development needs of teachers and LA staff in behavioural management and school attendance had been neglected over many years. For the first time, coordinated new training and continuing professional development programmes on behavioural management and school attendance will be introduced in Wales soon. The next stage will be to evaluate the effectiveness of these programmes.     

谈高职院校思想政治理论课考试改革

为适应高职院校学生的发展需要,我们尝试了半开卷考试方式。在操作过程中要有计划,有方案,有要求,考题也要精心设计。半开卷考试方式针对性较强,有一定的必要性,为进一步深化＂思想政治理论课＂考试改革提供了新思路。     

Continuous assessment as a selfinitiated teacher development strategy in Swaziland: practice and challenges for effective implementation

Abstract

The paper reports on a study that clarifies the challenges that a teacher in Swaziland faced in using continuous assessment (CA) as a self-initiated professional development tool. Drawing mainly on post-Fordist ideals we analyse the assessment tasks she gave to learners to establish the degree of agency, reflectivity and creativity she invested in the choice, adaptation and re-design of assessment tasks that were suggested to the teachers by education authorities. Items within these tasks and how they were employed to serve the lesson objectives are drawn on to illustrate how she took advantage of the professional autonomy the CA programme afforded her to judge the appropriateness of what was officially suggested. The curriculum expertise that informed her choice of items to reinforce or remedy learning is understood in terms of how she conceptualised CA as a tool to track learners’ cognitive competence and as a resource for a self-directed professional development strategy. In conclusion, an attempt is made to provide cues for the conditions under which the self-empowering elements of CA can function to improve learning and teaching.     

The Subordination of Local Government and the Compliant Society

The paper depicts the changes that have taken place in the relationships between the state and local education authorities from the 1980s and in the freedom of the schools and the teaching profession to create and offer the curriculum. The changes are linked to a shift from the interactive to the idealist concepts of educational development. They are placed in the context of changes in assumptions about the role of local authorities and schools in sustaining democratic and professional roles and practices, and in the growth of what can be conceived of as the increasing development of a Compliance Society.     

Teacher professional identity: competing discourses,competing outcomes

This paper focuses on issues of the professional identity of teachers in Australia under conditions of significant change in government policy and educational restructuring. Two discourses, democratic and managerial professionalism are identified which are shaping the professional identity of teachers. Democratic professionalism is emerging from the profession itself while managerialist professionalism is being reinforced by employing authorities through their policies on teacher professional development with their emphasis on accountability and effectiveness. The second part of the paper examines the types of professional identity emerging from these discourses. The two identities identified are the entrepreneurial and the activist identity. While these identities are not fixed, nevertheless at various times and in various contexts teachers may move between these two professional identities.     

云南农村义务教育管理体制改革对策研究

在对云南农村义务教育改革成效、基本经验和存在问题进行深入调研的基础上,从政策法规取向、投入保障、管理对策、资源配置、师资建设等方面提出相关对策措施建议,供有关部门借鉴参考,以使我省农村义务教育管理体制进一步得到改革完善。