中国远志属植物的分类研究

本文通过对国产远志属的分类系统和外部形态(特别是花部、种子和种阜的形态)及花粉粒形态   的研究，结合地理分布，首次确认国产远志为3亚属、4组(其中2新组)，41种8变种。     

我国沙拐枣属的分类与分布

我国沙拐枣属共24种，占本属的2／3。亚洲中部是该属的起源地。我国是该属分布区的最东端，它主要分布在新疆和甘肃等省(区)。     

藏药獐牙菜属植物的研究进展

藏药獐牙菜属植物是传统高寒藏药,在治疗肝胆疾病方面具有独特疗效,已成为目前研究的热点。近年来采用现代中药研究方法,分离提取出许多新的有效成分,经研究证明,其具有保肝、消炎、抗病毒、保护中枢神经、降血糖之功效。本文着重对藏药獐牙菜属植物的药理作用及临床应用进行了综述。     

新疆贝母属植物分类研究

In the present paper the genus Eritillaria in Xinjiang is revised.  There are altogether eleven species and four varieties recognized in this region, of which four species and four varietie are new to science, and one species is new to Chinese flora     

菊科福王草属的分类界限及中国菊科植物一新属——紫菊属

After having examined all specimens of the genus Prenanthes L. of Compositae in the Herbarium of Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, I find that the classic concept on the genus Prenanthes established by G. Bentham in 1873 has not been held exactly by some of Euro- pean, American, Japanese and Chinese botanists. For example, W. B. Hemsley, S. T. Dunn, A. Franchet, S. Kitamura and C. C. Chang placed plants from China which belong to other groups into the genus; I also find that the classic concept of the genus is not clear.  The present paper makes a revision not only on the classic concept of the genus, but also on its concept assumed by the above-mentionded botanists.      With the combination of numerous (25-35), white or yellow ligular florets, numerous ribs of achenes, Prenanthes alba L. (Nabalus albus (L.) Shih, comb. nov.) is distinctly different from Prenanthes purpurea L., which has the combination of purple, few (5-15) ligular flo- rests and few ribs of achenes.  Nabalus Cass., as a genus established early (1825) by H. Cassini, should be restored.  It is not reasonable to treat Nabalus as a subgenus (E. B. Babcock et al. 1947) or a section (S. Kitamura, 1956) or as a synonym (G. Bentham, 1983) of the genus Preanathes L.       The present author recognizes seven species in the new revised genus  Prenanthes L.  in China, 4 of which are described as new.  In the genus Nabalus Cass.  only one species, N. ochroleuca Maxim., is distributed in Northeast China.       As Lactuca melanantha Franch. (1895), Prenanthes henryi Dunn (1903), P. glandulosa Dunn (1903), Lactuca triflora Hemsl. (1888) (it was transferred to Prenanthes L. by C. C. Chang in 1934), Prenanthes formosana Kitam. (1934) and P. wilsoni Chang (1934) all have campanulate involucres, purple phyllaries, purple dorsi-ventrally compressed achenes, longitu- dinal rids 6-9 on each side of achene truncate and beakless at its apex and pilose tubes of co- rollae, they should be placed neither into the genus Prenanthes with obtusely tri-or pentagonous, subterete achenes and glabrous tubes of corollae, nor into the genus Lactuca with beak achenes. Besides the above-mentioned species misnamed by some of foreign and Chinese botanists, 6 other species also have the same structure in achenes and corollae.  Evidently, they fall into a new genus with the name Notoseris Shih.       The new genus Notoseris Shih of the tribe Lactuceae of Compositae seems to be more re- miniscent of Lactuca L. than of Prenanthes L. emend.       All the 12 species of the genus Notoseris Shih are endemic to China and distributed in the area of south of Yantze River. Of them 6 are new combinations and 6 are described as new.     

论中国-喜马拉雅植物亚区乌头属植物地理分布特点

         本文对乌头属Aconitum L．植物分布区内各地区的分布作了分析，统计了各地区不     同等级分类群的频度，认为中国-喜马拉雅植物亚区是乌头属植物地理分布最大的频度中心、     多样性中心和特有种的分布中心。  文中还讨论了乌头属内的演化关系，以及本属与邻近属的     系统发育关系，发现在中国-喜马拉雅植物亚区既有许多原始类群，又有大量的进化类群，提出     了本亚区不但是本属植物原始类群的保存中心，而且是活跃的分化中心。产生上述结果的原因可能与喜马拉雅山脉的抬升以及本亚区复杂的自然条件有着密切的关系。     

云南鳞毛蕨属植物分类概要

本文研究云南产鳞毛蕨属植物的属下分类并列出所有的种类。该属植物在云南现知至少有88种，属下可划分为3个亚属和12个组。为了使这些类群之间的特征轮廓清晰，本文提供了分亚属及分组的检索表。     

中国粗叶木属(茜草科)植物的分类研究

本文修订了中国产粗叶木属植物，共记录31种、4亚种和10变种。其中，报道了一个新种、1个新亚种、2个新变种、8个新组合和9个分布新记录，新归并学名12个，并且对中国粗叶木属植物文献记载中的一些错误和混淆作了澄清。     

中国楼梯草属(荨麻科)几种植物的订正

 根据对中国楼梯草属Elatostema植物标本的研究，将碧江楼梯草E．bijiangense归并入楼梯草E． involucratum，长叶墨脱楼梯草E．medogense var．oblongum和树志楼梯草E．shuzhii归并入墨脱楼梯草E． medogense，光茎钝叶楼梯草E．obtusum var．glabrescens归并入三齿钝叶楼梯草E．obtusum var．trilobula- tum，三裂楼梯草E．sinense var．trilobatum归并入对叶楼梯草E．sinense,赤水楼梯草E．strigulosum var．semitripilinerve归并入伏毛楼梯草E．strigulosum。     

我国曼陀罗属的花粉形态及其在分类上的意义

本文收集了国内曼陀罗属(Datura L.)  11个不同的生态型，在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下，进行了花粉粒形态的比较观察。该属花粉粒均为球形或稍扁，具3孔沟型。花粉粒外壁表面的纹饰可作为分属、分组、分种的依据之一。可分为三个类型，与植物形态分类基本一 致，即：具皱波-细网状纹饰(曼陀罗组); 具网状条纹或条纹，条脊表面有细颗粒或粗糙(洋金花组); 具条纹，条脊表面有蚕体状环纹及细颗粒(木本曼陀罗组)。种以下的变种或栽培变种，花粉粒的形态特征不足以作为分类的依据。     

中国野青茅属(禾本科)一些种类的修订(II)

在标本室研究和野外考察的基础上,对中国野青茅属Deyeuxia的一些种类进行了修订。归并了2个名称,即将Deyeuxia sikangensis Keng并入D. scabrescens (Griseb.) Munro ex Duthie作为异名; 将D. levipes Keng并入D. nivicola Hook. f. 作为异名。确认了D. dispar L. Liou和D. agrostioides L. Liou是两个未合格发表的名称,将前者归并于D. scabrescens,后者归并于D. diffusa Keng。     

中国野青茅属(禾本科)一些种类的修订

 在标本室研究和野外考察的基础上，对中国野青茅属的一些种类进行了修订。首次归并了5个类群，即将Deyeuxia pulchella var． laxa P．C．Kuo et S．L. Lu，D．gyirongensis P．C. Kuo et S．L．Lu，Calamagrostis megalantha Keng ex Keng f.并入 D. pulchella (Griseb.)Hook．f.作为异名；将D．venusta Keng，Calamagrostis longiflora Keng ex Keng f．并入D.flavens Keng作为异名；并确认D. compacta Munro ex Hook．f.与D.holciformis (Jaub．et Spach．)Bor是同一种。     

中药贝母名实考订

 Bei-mu (贝母), the bulbs of some fritillaries, is one of the most popular drugs used in China ever since the ancient times.  It is prescribed principally in coughs and fevers.  In recent years, although much chemical and pharmaceutical investiga- tions of this drug have been made, its botanical origin remains confused.  Several types of commercial drugs Bei-mu, for instance, were incorrectly considered by some authers as being derived from the bolbs of Fritillaria roylei Hook., a species of Kashmir and Kumaon, not yet found in China.  In the present paper, the writers attempt to give a revision of the genus Fritillaria of China as well as of commercial drugs sold on the chinese market under the name of Bei-mu, based on both plant and drug speci- mens collected from 18 provinces and autonomous regions.      As a result of our study, twenty species, including two varieties, of Fritillaria of China are recognized, of which four, F. crassicaulis S. C. Chen, F. omeiensis S. C. Chen, F. unibracteata Hsiao et K. C. Hsia and F. hupehensis Hsiao et K. C. Hsia, and one variety, P. thunbergii Miq. var. chekiangensis Hsiao et K. C. Hsia, are de- scribed as new.  They all, except two species, viz. F.  maximowiczii Freyn  and F. davidii Franch., are known to possess medicinal value, from which different kinds of commercial drugs Bei-mu are derived.  These drugs are usually named for the places where they come from.  The first, called Zhe-bei (浙贝), F. thunbergii Miq., is obtained from Chekiang and Kiangsu, the second, called Ping-bei (平贝), F. ussuriensis Maxim., from northeastern China, the third, called Lu-bei (炉贝), F. delavayi Franch., from southwestern China, the fourth, called Chuan-bei (川贝), including F. cirrhosa D. Don, F. unibracteata Hsiao et K. C. Hsia, F. przewalskii Maxim. etc., from Szechuan and its neighbouring provinces, and the fifth, called Yi-bei (伊贝), including F. pallidiflora Schrenk, F. karelinii (Fisch.) Baker, F. walujewii Rgl. etc., from Sinkiang. Occasio- nally, the tubers of Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim.) Franquet, the corms of Iphi- genia indica Kunth and the bulbs of Lloydia  tibetica  Baker  and  Cyanotis  vaga  (Lour.) Roem. et Schult. are also called Bei-mu in some local drug markets.  They are different not only in medicinal property but also in appearance from our tradi- tional genuine commercial drugs Bei-mu as stated above.  They are apparently adul- terants.       Detailed accounts about the plants and drugs are given in the text. There are also provided keys and illustrations which, we believe, will afford facilities for identifica- tion.     

几种人参属植物的细胞分类学研究

                                                             摘    要     1．观察到四种人参属植物的体细胞染色体数目为：竹节参(P．japonicus)   2n＝24，三七(P．notoginseng)2n＝24，人参(P．ginseng)2n＝44，西洋参   (P．quinquefolius)2n＝48。其中，野生于江西省庐山和井冈山的竹节参的体细   胞染色体数目，不同于日本植物(2n＝48)；三七的体细胞染色体数目则为首次   报道。     2．分布区最广的二倍体物种竹节参，应是本属中较原始的类群，四倍体物   种人参、西洋参等可能是本属中较进化的类群。  这个结论不同于化学分类学所   得到的结果。     3．结合这四个种的地理分布资料分析，我们认为：我国的西南地区是本属  的现代分布中心，也是本属的最大变异中心，很可能是本属的始生中心。     

玉竹复合体的分类研究

本文从形态学和细胞学角度对玉竹Polygonatum odoratum(Mill.)Druce的不同类型进     行了研究，并运用形象化散点图和柱状图方法，对不同特征变异的幅度和相关性进行了分析。     结果表明：  玉竹的有棱类型与无棱类型之间存在稳定的相关变异，前者茎有棱，叶背面光滑，     雄蕊着生在花冠筒的中部或稍偏下, 后者茎无棱，叶下面脉上有突起，雄蕊着生在花冠筒中部     偏上。它们在染色体基数和染色体形态特征上也表现明显的差异。因而笔者建议把玉竹的有     棱类型与无棱类型划分开来，独立成种，并恢复春水玉竹Polygonatum simizui Kitag．的分类地位。     

等片藻属几个种的分类学问题研究

本文使用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对等片藻属Diatoma的6个种：冬季等片藻 D·hiemale(Roth)Heib．、巨大等片藻D．maximum(Grun．)Fricke、中型等片藻D．mesodon(Ehr)Kuetz．、念珠状等片藻D．moniliforme Kuetz．、纤细等片藻D. tenue Ag.、等片藻D，vulgare Bory及其下的4个变种作了研究，并讨论了它们的分类学问题。     

中国海南岛13种菊科植物的细胞学研究

对海南岛13种菊科植物进行了染色体研究，对其中9种植物进行了核型分析，结果为: 树菊Tithoni-a diversifolia A.Gray，2n=34=26m+8sm（2sat）;鳢肠Eclipta prostrata（L.）L.，2n=22=18m+4sm;金腰箭Synedrella nodiflora（L.）Gaertn.，2n=40=6m+30sm（2sat）+4st;三叶鬼针草黄花类型Bidens pilosa L.（yel-low flower），2n=72=46m+26sm（2sat）;羽