对抗与合谋：论《桂花蒸阿小悲秋》女性叙事的分裂

张爱玲的短篇小说《桂花蒸阿小悲秋》关于女性主体的叙事是分裂的。叙事者运用自由间接引语以权威的姿态竭力建构女性的主体意义,而作品中的女主人公丁阿小的叙事却不断地与男性秩序合谋,对前者进行挑战,使整个文本的叙事出现了裂痕。     

《女勇士》的后殖民女性主义研究

汤亭亭的代表作《女勇士》以女性形象为贯穿全文的线索,通过描写华裔女主人公在美国的成长过程,展现了华裔女性在面临白人统治的美国社会的多重压迫、身份被边缘化时为摆脱"他者"身份所表现出的决心和努力。本文采用后殖民女性主义理论,分析作品中华裔女性的失语、双重"他者"身份以及重构自我身份的艰难过程,旨在通过身份重构这一过程来构建华裔女性勇士的新形象。     

“他者”身份的颠覆——《女勇士》的后殖民女性主义解读

汤亭亭是最具影响力的美国华裔女作家之一,她的处女作《女勇士》通过描写华裔女主人公在美国的成长经历,揭示了华裔女性在美国社会面对种族和性别的双重困境,展现了华裔女性为摆脱＂他者＂身份所表现出的决心和做出的努力。采用后殖民女性主义理论,探讨华裔女性的双重＂他者＂身份以及颠覆这一身份的艰难过程,旨在探寻汤亭亭在这部小说中对华裔女性的定位。     

论《生日》的心理空间与华裔的族裔性

短篇小说《生日》在叙事手法上别具一格,它将华裔主人公的回忆与现实交织在一起,通过一个个片段勾勒出华裔男青年与白人女性之间多舛的跨种族恋情.小说重点突出了华裔主人公的心理活动,折射出华裔在美国社会的边缘化处境以及他们主体性的建构.     

父权思想压制下的《华女阿五》“他者”身份解读

父权思想强调男性地位,把女性作为"他者"。这种思想在中西文化差异语境下创作的美国华裔作品中尤为明显。《华女阿五》中的主人公阿五是出生于纽约唐人街黄家的第五个女儿。父权制思想的影响使得主人公处于一种特殊的弱势他者身份。     

观看男人的三种眼光——池莉近作的女性视角及其意义

池莉近作显示出强烈的审视男性的倾向 ,并提供了三种打量男性的视角 :女性主人公视角、女性主人公兼叙述人视角以及女性叙述人视角 ,不同的视角表达对待男性的不同态度。它们使女性由通常的被看变为观看他人 ,是对女性“躯体写作”的超越 ,同时使女性言说得以摆脱被动和隔绝的状态。     

《女勇士》的女性主义解读

在后殖民主义女性批评的语境中，解读美籍华裔女作家汤亭亭在其作品《女勇士》中对华裔女性文化身份的归属与建构问题的思考，认为华裔女性被以男性、白人为中心的主流社会双重边缘化。对于男权制的压抑，作者试图通过女性的经济独立和“双性同体”等寻求突破，但终归于失败；对于美国白人主流社会的压抑，通过文化融合，作者已经寻找到了突破之路。     

知识女性书写的不同维度——《工作着是美丽的》《青春之歌》比较论

陈学昭的《工作着是美丽的》和杨沫的《青春之歌》,两个文本,具有女性书写的不同维度,体现出她们的个性特点。《工作着是美丽的》字里行间流溢出的是生动的、可触摸的女性人生体验,在表层的“革命叙事”背后,潜隐着女性个人叙事的内核,是一部以“个人记忆”叙述知识女性自我成长经历的朴素的女性文本。《青春之歌》却并非来自作者自我人生体验的“如实”书写,女性自身的经验被置于以政治为中心的男性主义话语场后,本真意义的“女性自我”已不能完整的“呈现”。作品叙事视点的选用不是纯粹“女性本位”的,女主人公的“成长”,也是建立在作者对其主人公性别身份的部分扬弃和阶级、民族身份确认上的。但无意识潜文本对叙事者性别经验的“泄漏”,又使它在民族、国家叙事话语的背后,隐含着女性话语的某些痕迹。     

双重边缘化下的自我构建——论《华女阿五》中黄玉雪的成长

被誉为"华裔美国文学之母"的黄玉雪通过自传体小说《华女阿五》打破了华裔作家尤其是女性作家在美国文坛上集体"失声"的尴尬局面。在小说《华女阿五》中,主人公玉雪虽生存在种族主义和男权主义的夹缝中,饱受种族偏见和性别歧视,但她通过观察、学习、反思和顿悟,最终实现了女性的独立和自我成长,成功构建了美国华裔女性身份。     

石黑一雄《远山淡影》中的性别化叙事

《远山淡影》是石黑一雄的长篇小说处女作,该小说的一大特点是性别化叙事的运用。本文从女性主义叙事学视角分析解读小说主人公悦子的第一人称回忆叙事。叙事者悦子通过性别化的叙事声音对女性叙事权威进行建构,借用叙述视角转换再现包括自己在内的边缘女性群体的生存现状。小说批判了西方社会普遍存在的男性中心主义、白人中心主义和欧洲中心主义,同时也体现了同属边缘的少数族裔作家石黑一雄融入西方文坛中心的努力。     

孔子的女性观

在中国封建社会里 ,以孔子为代表的儒家思想是占主导地位的。孔子的女性观左右了千百年来中国女性的命运 ,本文试从《论语》和《易经》的“传”部分入手 ,论述孔子关于“作为女性的女人”的思想 ;从《孝经》和《孔子诗论》入手 ,论述孔子关于“无性别差异的女人”的思想。从而揭示孔子女性观对中国女性蔑视和压抑的实质     

Paradox of student gender: a case study of economic education from China

In many Chinese universities and colleges, female students outperform male students in social science subjects. This paper presents a case study, which examines gender difference in economic education in a Chinese university. We look at a sample of students from the Chinese university and find that holding constant observed student characteristics, female students on average appear to earn higher scores than male students and the gender difference is primarily driven by low achieving students. We further find that the gender difference in exam scores is not because of female students' ability, family background and other unobservable student characteristics. Instead, it is simply a result of female students exerting more effort than male students. We finally explore a wide range of possible explanations for the gender difference in diligence, but find little support for any of the explanations.     

Is Creativity Masculine? Visual Arts College Students’ Perceptions of the Gender Stereotyping of Creativity and Its Influence on Creative Self-Efficacy

This study investigated visual arts college students’ perceptions of the gender stereotyping of creativity and the influence of this stereotyping on creative self-efficacy. The sample consisted of 1198 Chinese visual arts college students. The results showed that (a) both male and female students identified stereotypically masculine traits as more important to creativity than stereotypically feminine traits are, (b) male students demonstrated higher creative self-efficacy than their female counterparts did, and (c) students’ gender significantly moderated the effect of the gender stereotyping of creativity on creative self-efficacy. Specifically, the gender stereotyping of creativity had a positive effect on male students and a negative effect on female students. These findings revealed that gender stereotypes dominate concepts of creativity in Chinese art education and may hinder female students’ development of creative self-efficacy, resulting in gendered inequality in the visual arts field. The implications of these findings for visual arts education in China are discussed.     

Gender Gap in Mathematics and Physics in Chinese Middle Schools: A Case Study of a Beijing’s District

This study examines the gender gaps in mathematics and physics in Chinese middle schools. The data is from the Education Bureau management database which includes all middle school students who took high school entrance exam in a district of Beijing from 2006–2013. The ordinary least square model and quantile regression model are applied. This study consistently shows that the gender gap is unfavorable toward female students in mathematics and physics while favorable toward female students in Chinese and English. Gender gaps favoring males in math and physics become more noticeable among the students who receive the top tier scores in math and physics testing. However, females’ students’ advantage in Chinese and English decreases along the distribution from the bottom to the top percentiles. There are significant intersections between rural residency and gender. Rural students (regardless of gender) perform less well than urban students in all subjects and rural female student show the worst testing scores compared with the other subgroups in mathematics and physics.     

抗日战火中的女人风采——论中国现代女性抗战文学

抗日战火唤起中国女性的大崛起,现代中国抗战女作家阵容空前壮大,女性抗战文学亦呈现崭新风貌:女性性别意识加强,以与男性性别求异的"女性的觉醒",拓展自我认知;从社会政治、时代思潮多视角多层次地观照"女性体验",深化对女性命运的探究;结合女性心理与生理体验,寻找并坚守艺术个性,创作视角性别化,显示鲜明身体写作特征;迎合民众特别是妇女的审美趣味与习惯,艺术形式更加通俗化.     

女性视角下译者主体性的发挥

译者作为翻译活动的主体,在翻译实践中起着至关重要的作用。20世纪80年代西方兴起的女性主义翻译观,颠覆了传统的翻译理论,从性别视角入手,强调译者的主体性,力争在译作中凸显女性身份和女性意识。中国译论充分肯定了性别身份在翻译过程中的重要影响,一些女性译者也进行了积极的翻译实践尝试。     

《中国式离婚》的性别立场：价值与虚妄

《中国式离婚》的性别立场独特而含浑。它显示了一种天然的女性视角却并不具备自觉的女性主义意识．它采用了双性立场却与男权观念达成了某种同谋。作品启人深思,也显示出其价值虚妄。     

社会性别视角下的中国当代文学教学

将社会性别视角引入中国当代文学教学中可以培养学生具有更开阔、更具包容性的视野,为中国当代文学教学研究提供新的知识资源。有利于引导学生先进性别观的建立,纠正文学作品中的性别偏见,促使学生构建健康完善的人格,增强女大学生的主体意识。     

Culture,gender and school leadership: school leaders' self-perceptions in China

Since the 1980s, numerous studies have demonstrated the influences of culture and gender on leadership, including school leadership. Such studies have been criticised, however, for being dominated by Anglo-American paradigms and frameworks and for under-exploring the roles of culture and gender on leadership in non-Western societies. With reference to China, this paper focuses on the relationship between gender and school leadership and explores gender differences between Chinese male and female school leaders in their leadership orientations. The study adopted a mixed methodology of a questionnaire survey and individual interviews to solicit Chinese school leaders' views in 2008. The study finds mixed patterns of gender differences in Chinese school leadership, including stereotypical, non-stereotypical and no differences. This paper argues that these patterns can be interpreted as resulting from the dynamic interplay among traditional Chinese culture, contemporary political context and organisational settings into which Chinese school leaders are socialised and in which their leadership styles and behaviours are shaped and leadership is exercised.     

汉英名字寓意和名尾字含性别的共性探析

文章通过对912个汉语姓名尾字的梳理后发现,汉语男女名字中各有16个高频用字;对4000多个英语名字的归纳后发现．英语名字的尾字母中使用频率较高的有9个辅音字母,3个元音字母。此外,通过对这些汉、英男女名字尾字构成规律的对比研究后还发现这二者之间有其共性：汉、英男女名字虽源于不同的文化背景,但两种名字的尾字大都有显示性别的功能。同时简述了俄罗斯、日本等国在使用英语语言构成其名字时区别男女名的常见后缀。通过对上述几个语种人名结构的分析,得出这样一个结论：名字不同寓意皆美,尾字虽异同可显性。