从知识范型到生存范型——现代教师教育主体性的转换生成

现代教师教育正面临着从知识范型向生存范型的转换。“面向生存与生活世界”是现代教师教育的本原之“思”,是教师教育的生命性体现。回归生存与生活世界是生成教师教育主体性的基本前提。实现向生存与生活世界的转换,是现代教师教育实践性的根本走向。     

一个值得反思的教育信条:塑造知识人

塑造知识人是一个根深蒂固的教育信条。这一信条的人性设定是把知识、求知看作是人的惟一规定性,它颠倒了知识与生活的关系。科学的范式是知识人所设定的知识界限,不在这一界限之中的经验和意识都被排斥在知识范围之外,由此,知识人的知识也就脱离了人的生活世界。在这样的知识观的主宰下,知识人的世界是一个意义缺失的世界。塑造知识人的教育信条应当在理论与实践的批判中逐渐解构。     

论鲁洁先生教育人学思想的三维构成

教育人学思想是鲁洁先生教育思想的核心,也是中国教育理论的宝贵财富。人的超越性是教育人学思想的人性假设,它源于马克思的人之二重性假设,基于这一假设,教育要培养人之超越性,更要坚持自身的超越性。道德的追寻是教育人学思想的价值追求,因为人之超越的过程也是人之意义的实现过程,作为成人之道的道德为意义的实现指明了方向,相应地,这种指向“成人”的德育是充满魅力的,在人之卓越的实现中,德育也具有了一种享用功能。生活的回归是教育人学思想的实践要求,因为道德是在人的生活之中不断建构的。21世纪以来,鲁洁先生基于知识人和知识论德育的反思建构了生活论德育,并在德育新课程中进行了“回归儿童生活”的实践探索,彰显了教育人学思想的儿童立场。     

Globalisation,transnational academic mobility and the Chinese knowledge diaspora: an Australian case study

The master discourses of economic globalisation and the knowledge economy each cite knowledge diasporas as vital ‘trans-national human capital’. Based on a case study of a major Australian university, this article examines the potential to deploy China's large and highly-skilled diaspora in the service of Chinese and Australian scientific and technological development. It finds that at a time when much of the world is deeply mired in a global financial crisis, this treasured resource of highly-skilled intellectuals assumes even greater significance. Meanwhile, there are key challenges to be confronted to fully utilise China's overseas talent. It argues that the Chinese knowledge diaspora are a modern kind of cosmopolitan literati, and could contribute actively to higher education internationalisation in both Australia and China.     

Education reform and competency-based education

The core purpose of this paper is to describe a new educational paradigm as well as possible directions and tasks for education reform in the 21^st century. The present-day education system has failed to nurture the kind of creative people who can play leading roles in development or to produce citizens of a good character and democratic tendencies. We need to look at education from the standpoint of expanding the totality of possibilities for national development. The current educational system of Korea can be characterized as one of “manpower-centered education. ” In this system, education functions to produce the human resources needed by the nation, and there is a strong belief in the classification and selection of high-quality human capital via the school system. We can think of an educational model that is parallel to the current system of manpower classification and selection and call it “competency-based education. ” In this model, the identification of individual ability, talent, and aptitude is deemed to be the most important, and the key task of education is self-actualization through recognition and cultivation of such talents and abilities. What educational values should be pursued within a new competency-based paradigm? First, we can reduce the relative weight of subject-centered education and introduce a competency-based curriculum in order to teach key competences for life. Second, new intelligence theories must be introduced into education in order to foster the development of students' talents, aptitudes, and potentials. Third, we can make use of positive psychology, which is a newly emerging field, the core concept of which is the belief that happiness in life depends on one's ability to develop and maintain positive feelings and emotions.     

社会主义核心价值体系与青年知识分子的思想政治素质

社会主义核心价值体系是现阶段我国青年知识分子最重要的思想政治素质。在全面建设小康社会、加快社会主义现代化的新阶段，青年知识分子要努力掌握马克思主义理论，树立起科学的世界观、人生观、价值观；应具有对建设中国特色社会主义的坚定的理想信念；具有鲜明的爱国主义思想和强烈的时代精神；确立社会主义荣辱观，为社会良好道德风尚的形成作贡献。     

FROM KNOWLEDGE TO WISDOM: A NEW CHALLENGE TO THE EDUCATIONAL MILIEU WITH IMPLICATIONS FOR RELIGIOUS EDUCATION

The epistemological paradigm, known as post-modernity, challenges some of the presuppositions of educational systems in general, and of religious education in particular. One of these presuppositions is the exaggerated primacy given to knowledge attained through reason. However, the paradigm shift invites us to make a transition from knowledge to wisdom—to the integration and transformation of knowledge into human experience. This transition helps us incorporate into the learning process those particular ways of learning that are preferred by many women, bringing us to a more holistic conception of religious education. It enables us to establish a new relationship between learners and educators in the model of a learning circle.     

“三进”与大学生马克思主义信仰的生命认同问题探究简

大学生马克思主义信仰的生命认同研究是时代的需要,是个体生命的呼唤。厘清马克思主义信仰与理想信念和宗教信仰的区别,弄清＂三进＂与马克思主义信仰的生命认同之间的关系,认真分析＂三进＂工作,从人类认识发展规律来理解大学生的信仰问题,可以使我们更好地开展马克思主义信仰教育工作,提升大学生对马克思主义信仰的认同度,从而达到从生命层面和终极层面上认同马克思主义信仰。     

论坚持合规律性的教育观

坚持马克思哲学的规律观是坚持合规律性教育观的前提和基础，坚持合规律性的教育观在新时期突出地表现为坚持以课堂教学为主的教育观，坚持教学以传授间接经验为主的教育观，坚持教育源于生活更高于生活的教育观。这既是人类教育思想史的合乎逻辑的一种推演，也是被千百年人类教育实践反复证明的客观规律。     

远程开放教育基本理念略论

目前,一种新的教育发展模式－现行远程开放教育,正受到世界各国政府愈来愈广泛的重视。以开放学习为本质特征的现代远程开放教育,正在世界教育革新潮流的推动下,成为人类社会生活的一项基本内容和教育发展的时代特征。因此,把握远程开放教育的基本理念－教育远程化的理念、教育自由开放的理念、自主学习的理念、教育技术现代化的理念、教学形式多样化的理念,建构知识经济条件下人才培养的新模式,对于现代远程开放教育的健康顺利发展将至关重要。     

理性主义时代绝望哲学诗人的悲歌--论卡夫卡小说

本文从西方现代社会人们身处自笛卡尔始的理性主义时代却生存在一个非理性世界中，从而普遍产生的对世界的荒诞感出发．阐述卡夫卡这位诗人小说中体现出的绝望主义哲学，对摆脱人生痛苦虚无与荒诞的绝望，对宗教的绝望，时理性的绝望，以及对人性的绝望，对人类重建信仰的绝望和对人生的绝望和对幸福的绝望。他不相信这个世界会真的完全像理性所设计的那般存在．同时也因为他自身的理性而不能不怀疑和拒斥他本人仍有眷恋的宗教信仰而陷入一种两难境地和被迫处于一种荒诞而绝望的困境。     

A note on knowledge in the schooled society: towards an end to the crisis in curriculum theory

Michael Young’s recent paper in this journal is correct; there is a profound crisis in curriculum theory, and to be intellectually viable into the future the field must strive to bring back in empirical study of curriculum. Also by ignoring the empirical content of knowledge and access to it in mass education systems throughout the world, the field’s influential neo-Marxist paradigm unproductively avoids troubling, even theoretically damning, counterfactual evidence. The historical moment to address the crisis is propitious as the ‘schooled society’ is flourishing in unprecedented participation in formal education accompanied by a robust culture of education influencing fundamental processes that construct society worldwide. A brief review of sociological studies of historical and global change in curricular form and content illustrates the challenge before the field to end its own crisis. The results also indicate a profound challenge to the field’s reigning paradigm.     

Social critique or social control: Some problems for evaluation in environmental education

Environmental education is often thought of as the branch of science education whose field of inquiry encompasses those necessarily value-laden issues of human intervention in the natural world. While this perception would be contested by those who see the origins of environmental education lying in the sociopolitical arena of community concerns about exploitation of the environment, it is true to say that environmental education and science education are commonly associated in ways that other disciplines are not, and thus it is perhaps to be expected that the dominant paradigm of evaluation in environmental education should be applied science in character. This article raises the issue of the appropriateness of applied science approaches to evaluation in environmental education. The article begins with a critique of applied science approaches to evaluation, drawing arguments from the broader field of educational evaluation. The relationship between characteristics of applied science approaches to evaluation on the one hand and the special characteristics of environmental education on the other is then explored, and the article concludes with an argument for a deliberative choice of research paradigm in environmental education.     

当前教学论研究:热点与沉思

教学世界自身的演变发展历程决定了教学世界不能简单地回归生活世界,而是在生活世界的基础上超越生活世界。因此,作为教学世界核心的课堂既要传承知识,更要激扬生命,即由知识课堂走向生命课堂。与此相适应,当前教学论研究范式不能迷恋书斋文献,而是要热衷于课堂实践,即研究范式从"文本式"向"田野式"转向;教学理论来源不要仅停留在思辨演绎层面,而是要实践生成,即从理论教学论到实践教学论;研究取向不应只追求宏大理论,而是要关注教学生活,即研究取向由"科学泛化"趋向"泛学科化"。     

校园文化与理想信念教育互动关系浅析

理想信念是人们正确的世界观、人生观、价值观的核心和集中体现,也是一个国家,一个民族生存、发展和振兴的精神支柱。当前如何创新理想信念教育的有效载体与途径,使校园文化与理想信念教育融合互动,切实增强理想信念教育的实效性,引导大学生树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观。本文试图从二者的辩证关系入手,解析校园文化与理想信念教育的融合互动。     

论高等教育全球化范式

随着信息技术、经济、生态及社会文化等的全球化,在知识社会的推动下,知识生产模式转型并与高等教育的知识本质和世界主义特性相契合,高等教育全球化势成必然。从操作范式来考察,高等教育过去的“象牙塔”和“科学共和国”理念正在被“民主交往中心”和“知识生产网络节点”所取代;世界公民教育、各种全球化理论和众多的全球及区域性制度等构成了高等教育全球化范式的话语空间;控制模式让位于治理模式,欧洲博洛尼亚进程样本、“全球国家地方能动模式”等高等教育全球化范式的技术已趋成熟。目前,各国高等教育发展很不平衡,断言高等教育全球化范式已取代旧范式还为时尚早,但这种趋势已经不可逆转。当然我们也要意识到,高等教育范式的转型并非前后不可通约,而是新旧并置,具有明显的过渡性特征,这是人文范式与科学范式的重要区别。     

Teachers’ democratic assignment: a critical discourse analysis of teacher education policies in Ireland and Sweden

ABSTRACT

The needs of a globalized economy are rapidly changing what is legitimated as school knowledge and values, and calling up new understandings of teachers’ role in stimulating democratic spaces. We have termed this Teachers’ Democratic Assignment. We examine changing notions of teachers’ democratic assignment in Ireland and Sweden using a Critical Discourse Analysis. We tested our hypothesis that teachers’ democratic assignment has changed in unprecedented ways using an analysis of policy documents in teacher education. Our findings reported a substantive converging paradigm shift from a predominantly progressive (reconstructivist) curriculum discourse where democracy was seen as inextricably linked to everyday practice in the early years of this century, to a more essentialist (perennialist) discourse in recent times. The findings will have interest for a wider audience and have implications for the role of democracy in teacher education as well as the question of education as a social responsibility for a vibrant democracy.     

Freirean critical pedagogy’s challenge to interfaith education: what is interfaith? What is education?

Interfaith education has been boosted recently by the imprimatur of current and previous political world leaders. However, a critical analysis of what makes good interfaith education is yet to emerge. Indeed the attention may distract from the effort needed to ensure positive outcomes. This paper questions whether the uncritical nature of some interfaith education initiatives encourages the continuation of cultural and theological bias. Critical social theorist Paulo Freire viewed education as an opportunity for social evolution. His pedagogy of freedom relied on the idea that no knowledge is out of bounds and that such freedom nurtured the security to greet difference with humility. This paper examines some Australian approaches to interfaith education in light of Freire’s challenge. It questions the persistence of an Abrahamic skew and calls for a more critical approach to differences of belief.     

对教育与生活关系的思考

教育是社会生活的必需,而不是社会体制化的产物。"教育回归生活世界"的价值诉求是以日常生活为依归,力求创造更加丰富多彩的生活,并通过对生活疆域的开拓,改造和完善人性。但在教育改革过程中出现了把生活世界理论庸俗化、简单套用生活世界理论解说教育的问题。"教育回归生活世界"要立足于人的生成性,还教育以生活的本性和充满智慧挑战的特点,关注学生发展的真实需要,通过教育创新,使教育从以往单向的传授知识的模式转换为基于真实情景的交往活动。     

试论近代中国自由主义高等教育思想立场

从思想立场层面看 ,近代中国自由主义思想者思虑高等教育问题时的基本立场是科学立场、个体立场和以学术、思想及教育参与社会生活的立场 ,三者分别取怀疑态度 ,论证精神、独立态度 ,宽容精神和本位态度 ,职业精神。相比欧美自由主义思想浓重的理性思辨色彩 ,近代中国自由主义思想寄托了更强烈的国家、民族、社会的情怀。为国育才 ,为天下学术 ,构成了持有自由主义思想的高教界人士的办学信仰