秦直道起点及相关问题

秦始后修筑直道，主要是防御北方异族入侵，直道自云阳甘泉至九原郡，是一条专用交通干线，云阳甘泉至秦都咸阳为驰道，秦直道“自咸阳通九原”和自泾阳至九原说，是宏观和泛指，意在表明直道是连接都城咸阳与北地的道路。     

论秦直道是昭君出塞的最可能路线

对于昭君出塞的路线,林干认为是经秦直道北上的。近年来,山西地区的部分学者认为昭君出塞所走路线为途经山西地区的通塞中路。从历史资料来看,秦直道仍然是昭君出塞的最可能路线,因为这条道路最便捷、最安全;呼韩邪单于在迎娶昭君之前,就沿着这条道路往返于汉朝与匈奴之间。秦汉时期,秦直道得到了很好的维护,秦皇、汉武都曾走过这条路线。在昭君出塞之时,秦直道的通行环境没有发生大的变化,昭君出塞自然不会选择其他路线。昭君出塞没有经过秦直道的理由尚不充分。     

秦汉时期陆路交通的建设问题

秦汉时期陆路交通建设的一系列成就是大一统局面得以出现和持续的基础。秦汉时期的陆路交通建设有其独特的特点:秦的陆路交通建设体现在以“线”为中心,完成了以驰道和直道为主的贯穿全国的交通线;两汉时则以“点”为中心,完成了以主要城市为中心的交通网络。点线相结合便构成了秦汉时期迅捷的陆路交通体系,这在维护国家统一和中央集权的稳固方面起了举足轻重的作用。     

秦汉的四大兵种

“轻车”、“骑士”、“材官”、“楼船”是秦汉时期的四大兵种。“轻车”即率兵，“骑士”即骑兵，“材官”为步兵，“楼船”为水兵。由于车战已衰落，秦汉时期，车兵的数量越来越少，一般情况下与步兵合编。骑兵和水兵依靠马政和造船业的发展，数量也有限。因此，秦汉时期步兵为作战主力，人数也最多。当时的步兵又分轻装步兵、重装步兵和弓弯兵数种。从地域看，秦汉时期，骑兵多在北方陇西、金城、河东、上党一线；步兵和车兵主要布防于中原及巴蜀一带；水兵多出在江淮以南地区。西汉以后，官府致力于造船业，所建楼船高十余文，有三、四…     

论秦汉移民及其特点

中国古代移民屡见不鲜，而秦汉时期的移民更具特色。若论有目的、有组织、有措施的官方移民，其次数之多、规模之大、影响之深远，则首推秦汉。秦汉移民．更以其政治性、军事性和经济性特点见称于世，成为秦汉统治者拓展疆域、巩固政权和促进社会发展的特有社会现象。     

甘泉上林苑考略

秦汉时期,京城咸阳、长安一带有上林苑,云阳甘泉山下(今淳化县境)有甘泉上林苑,均为皇家宫苑。上林苑不涉甘泉上林苑。本文依据历史文献和近年考古调查资料,初步考证了甘泉上林苑的范围及其中一些宫观的大体方位。     

论秦汉移民政策及其历史作用

中国古代移民屡见不鲜，而秦汉移民更具特色。贯穿于秦汉各代的移民，不仅有因自然灾害造成的灾民自发性移徙，更有封建统治者为了政治、军事、经济目的而组织的移民。秦汉移民既是封建统治者拓展疆域、巩固政权的需要，又是中国封建社会成长时期所固有的社会历史现象。因此，移民对秦汉社会的发展无疑产生了一定作用。本文重点探讨秦汉时期的移民政策及其特点和移民产生的社会历史作用     

秦汉文章之变迁

<正>古人说：“文必秦汉。”这话经不起推敲。秦汉文章何可一概而论？其实，继先秦文章的大发展之后，秦汉文章进入了一个大变化的时期。不仅汉异于秦，同是汉文，也并不一样。     

商周文化比较研究论纲

从宏观角度看，商周文化之间异大于同；从时地关系看，商周文化呈现多元化，秦汉以来的文化呈现一元化。商周之际是制度文化大变革时期，也是思想文化大变革时期。周初思想文化的大突破，造成了中国历史上“枢轴时代”——春秋战国百家争鸣时期的到来。在商周文化研究中，习俗文化的研究应得到加强；习俗文化的几种动态发展类型是：因袭、变异、教化、选择     

秦汉时期的地域官脉及其成因--从"关西出将,关东出相"谈起

“关西出将,关东出相”是汉代史籍对秦汉时期国家人才区域分布的简单概括,反映了秦汉时期重要的人文地理特点。秦汉时期的武将多出于关西地区,而文臣多出于关东即中原地区,既与关西、关东地区的自然地理形势有关,也是先秦时期政治发展和文化积淀的产物,同时也是秦汉时期,尤其是两汉时期政治变革和学术发展的产物。     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.