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Despite desirable progress in various assembly tactics, the main drawback associated with current assemblies is the weak interparticle connections limited by their assembling protocols. Herein, we report a novel boron doping-induced interconnection-assembly approach for fabricating an unprecedented assembly of mesoporous silicon oxycarbide nanospheres, which are derived from periodic mesoporous organosilicas. The as-prepared architecture is composed of interconnected, strongly coupled nanospheres with coarse surfaces. Significantly, through delicate analysis of the as-formed boron doped species, a novel melt-etching and nucleation-growth mechanism is proposed, which offers a new horizon for the developing interconnected assembling technique. Furthermore, such unique strategy shows precise controllability and versatility, endowing the architecture with tunable interconnection size, surface roughness and switchable primary nanoparticles. Impressively, this interconnected assembly along with tunable surface roughness enables intrinsically dual (both structural and interfacial) stable characteristics, achieving extraordinary long-term cycle life when used as a lithium-ion battery anode.  相似文献   

3.
能源革命中的物理储能技术   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
促进储能技术与产业的健康发展,对于提高可再生能源比例、保障能源安全、提高能源利用效率、推动能源革命具有重大的战略意义。物理储能作为最重要的一种储能方式,得到了国内外广泛关注。文章剖析了物理储能技术的重大需求,总结了国内外物理储能技术与产业发展现状与趋势,比较了国内外物理储能技术发展水平,明确了物理储能技术发展问题与挑战,并提出了相应发展建议,旨在为我国物理储能技术和产业的研究与发展提供详实的参考。  相似文献   

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“双碳”目标的实现,离不开可再生能源的大规模装机应用,但可再生能源发电具有间歇性、波动性等特点,先进的储能技术能够平抑新能源波动并提升消纳能力而备受关注。专利作为技术创新的重要信息载体,能够直接反映出储能技术目前的研究热点,以及未来的热点方向和地位。文章主要基于世界知识产权组织门户网站“WIPO IP Portal”,主要分析对象为储能技术专利数量排名世界前8位的国家——美国、中国、法国、英国、俄罗斯、日本、德国、印度;以每个储能技术为主题词,对这8个国家的研究人员或机构发表专利数量情况进行统计。同时,文章基于已授权专利重点梳理了目前中国所有储能技术及其未来发展态势,主要集中在电气式储能、机械式储能、化学式储能、热能式储能和氢能方面的前沿研究方向。总结出中国目前储能技术集中向核心部件或材料、装置、系统等方面攻关,核心目标是降本增效,早日实现大规模商业化应用;如何整合多种储能成一个系统以利用风、光等可再生能源供电、供热,将是未来最关注的焦点。  相似文献   

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Tremendous efforts have been dedicated to developing high-performance energy storage devices based on the micro- or nano-manipulation of novel carbon electrodes, as certain nanocarbons are perceived to have advantages such as high specific surface areas, superior electric conductivities, excellent mechanical properties and so on. In typical electrochemical electrodes, ions are intercalated/deintercalated into/from the bulk (for batteries) or adsorbed/desorbed on/from the surface (for electrochemical capacitors). Fast ionic transport, significantly determined by ionic channels in active electrodes or supporting materials, is a prerequisite for the efficient energy storage with carbons. In this report, we summarize recent design strategies for ionic channels in novel carbons and give comments on the promising features based on those carbons towards tailorable ionic channels.  相似文献   

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降低对于化石燃料的依赖,从源头节能减排是早日实现“双碳”目标的根本路径之一,变革性能源材料技术将为“双碳”目标的实现提供强有力的战略性支撑。发展太阳能—储能电池供电体系和交通能源电动化,让煤、石油和天然气从燃料回归到材料,松山湖材料实验室正在为此而努力。该实验室新能源材料与器件研发中心按照从应用基础研究到产业转化的全链条创新模式进行研发,文章重点选取了实验室高效晶硅太阳能电池、锂离子电池材料、柔性及锌基电池3个团队的工作予以介绍。为了打通成果转化的“最后一公里”,各团队3年多来建立了研究和中试线,把相关核心关键材料和器件转化成产品,通过创新工场模式与产业界密切合作。建议统筹规划,稳定支持实验室研发,以及打造研发中心—创新工场—产业园区集群式发展模式。  相似文献   

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Because of their low cost, natural abundance, environmental benignity, plentiful polymorphs, good chemical stability and excellent optical properties, TiO2 materials are of great importance in the areas of physics, chemistry and material science. Much effort has been devoted to the synthesis of TiO2 nanomaterials for various applications. Among them, mesoporous TiO2 materials, especially with hierarchically porous structures, show great potential owing to their extraordinarily high surface areas, large pore volumes, tunable pore structures and morphologies, and nanoscale effects. This review aims to provide an overview of the synthesis and applications of hierarchically mesoporous TiO2 materials. In the first section, the general synthetic strategies for hierarchically mesoporous TiO2 materials are reviewed. After that, we summarize the architectures of hierarchically mesoporous TiO2 materials, including nanofibers, nanosheets, microparticles, films, spheres, core-shell and multi-level structures. At the same time, the corresponding mechanisms and the key factors for the controllable synthesis are highlighted. Following this, the applications of hierarchically mesoporous TiO2 materials in terms of energy storage and environmental protection, including photocatalytic degradation of pollutants, photocatalytic fuel generation, photoelectrochemical water splitting, catalyst support, lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries, are discussed. Finally, we outline the challenges and future directions of research and development in this area.  相似文献   

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Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been at the forefront of porous-material research in recent years. With predictable structural compositions and controllable functionalities, the structures and properties of COFs could be controlled to achieve targeted materials. On the other hand, the predesigned structure of COFs allows fruitful postsynthetic modifications to introduce new properties and functions. In this review, the postsynthetic functionalizations of COFs are discussed and their impacts towards structural qualities and performances are comparatively elaborated on. The functionalization involves the formation of specific interactions (covalent or coordination/ionic bonds) and chemical reactions (oxidation/reduction reaction) with pendant groups, skeleton and reactive linkages of COFs. The chemical stability and performance of COFs including catalytic activity, storage, sorption and opto-electronic properties might be enhanced by specific postsynthetic functionalization. The generality of these strategies in terms of chemical reactions and the range of suitable COFs places them as a pivotal role for the development of COF-based smart materials.  相似文献   

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Hierarchically porous monoliths based on copper (Cu), cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn) oxides with three-dimensionally (3D) interconnected macropores and open nanopores were prepared using metal bromides as precursors via a sol–gel process accompanied by phase separation. The difficulty of gelation for low-valence metal cation was overcome by introducing a highly electronegative Br atom near to the metal atom to control the rates of hydrolysis and polycondensation. The 3D interconnected macropores were obtained using appropriate polymers to induce phase separation. The domain sizes of macropores and skeletons can be controlled by reaction parameters such as concentration and/or average molecular weight of polymers, and the amount of hydrochloric acid. The crystalline metal oxide monoliths with their 3D interconnected macroporous structure preserved were obtained after heat treatment in air.  相似文献   

10.
有机不对称合成反应的热力学研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
胡文祥 《科技通报》1994,10(5):281-283
本文首次建立了不对称合成反应中热力学函数之间的相互关系,阐明了不对称合成手性产率随构型熵和温度变化的规律,在不对称合成中具有重要的理论和实际意义.  相似文献   

11.
分布式储能的发展现状与趋势   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
储能技术是解决可再生能源间歇性和不稳定性、提高常规电力系统和区域能源系统效率、安全性和经济性的迫切需要,是发展\"安全、高效、低碳\"的能源技术、占领能源技术制高点的\"战略必争领域\",储能在分布式可再生能源应用与智能微网领域具有重大的战略需求、重要的研究价值和巨大的发展潜力。文章分析了分布式储能技术现状、技术创新及其发展对相关产业的带动,并结合分布式储能的技术与产业特点给出了发展储能技术的政策建议。  相似文献   

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长期以来,合同能源管理研究主要在节能服务产业发展的状况、障碍等方面,对合同能源管理的模式研究较少,而合同能源管理模式研究关注的正是合同能源管理项目执行的优化选择.主要对国外主要合同能源管理模式及比较研究等方面的现有研究进行了分析,并提出我国促进合同能源管理的相关建议.  相似文献   

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本文介绍了基于PLC(programmable logic controler可编程逻辑控制器)和组态王软件的自动货架的设计方案。下位机主要由西门子S7-200 PLC及相关的电路元件完成现场信息的采集、处理以及控制,上位机采用组态王软件实现监视和选择功能。上、下位机之间通过串口实现通讯。实验结果表明:系统已达到了预期的设计效果。  相似文献   

14.
以氢为基础的能源体制的建立是人类最近开始追求的目标。本文简要概述了氢经济的三要素:生产、储运和应用,指出了氢经济的现状以及实现氢经济的困难,仅靠现有技术的增量进步无法克服这些困难,必须大力开展基础研究,并提出了一些建议。  相似文献   

15.
曾文生 《科教文汇》2012,(16):144-145
职业院校的教学内容和教学模式如何适应学生就业和社会生产的需要是职业教育工作者一直努力探究的重大课题。笔者结合教学工作的实践,就幼师英语教材建设问题进行了探讨,通过分析目前幼师英语教材存在的问题和原因,提出应对策略。  相似文献   

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Room-temperature liquid metal is discovered to be capable of penetrating through macro- and microporous materials by applying a voltage. The liquid metal penetration effects are demonstrated in various porous materials such as tissue paper, thick and fine sponges, fabrics, and meshes. The underlying mechanism is that the high surface tension of liquid metal can be significantly reduced to near-zero due to the voltage-induced oxidation of the liquid metal surface in a solution. It is the extremely low surface tension and gravity that cause the liquid metal to superwet the solid surface, leading to the penetration phenomena. These findings offer new opportunities for novel microfluidic applications and could promote further discovery of more exotic fluid states of liquid metals.  相似文献   

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以广东节能发展为研究背景,探索广东节能服务产业发展的对策建议。针对广东节能服务产业现状及存在的困境进行深入分析,进一步提出发展广东节能服务产业的六项对策:宣传产业政策,创造良好发展环境、树立行业规范,加强行业自律、建立信用公布制度,促进行业诚信体系建设、创新金融机制,改善融资环境、搭建信息平台,促进市场资源优化配置、加强人才建设,增强企业实力。  相似文献   

18.
基于TD-PSOLA算法的汉语普通话韵律合成   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
结合汉语普通话的韵律特征,采用TD-PSOLA算法实现了汉语普通话的韵律合成,并对合成语音和原始语音的韵律参数作了比较分析。实验结果表明,这种方法能够有效地控制语音韵律参数,实现较高质量的语音韵律合成。  相似文献   

19.
油气储运系统节能技术研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在石油加工和生产的过程中,油气储运系统对其具有极其重大的意义。由于油气储运系统消耗了巨大的能量,对油气储运系统的能耗进行有效的控制是刻不容缓的。文章通过探讨油气储运系统的节能技术,对存在的三方面原因提出了三大技术改进措施,并对其进行深入研究和分析。  相似文献   

20.
何小琴 《科教文汇》2014,(27):163-164
“一标四化”即围绕教学目标有效达成将课堂教学划分为定标、明标、落标、测标四个环节,相应的教学策略是内容目标化、目标问题化、问题练习化、练习多样化。“一标四化”课堂教学模式强调课堂教学中教师要心中有目标,学生要明确目标,课堂教学要全力达成教学目标从而实现高效课堂。  相似文献   

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