中原文化对科技型人才聚集效应的影响分析

文章在论述了科技型人才聚集效应概念和特征的基础上,对中原文化的特点及其对科技型人才聚集效应的影响进行了分析,探讨了其作用机理,并提出了改良中原文化以促进科技型人才聚集效应产生和提升的对策.     

全球化语境下中原文化对外传播的价值、机遇与应对策略

中原文化在几千年的传承发展中,积淀了丰富的精神追求和价值理念。这些价值理念对于解决全球生态危机、促进世界和平、走出全球发展困境具有重要的价值和指引作用。全球化作为人类社会发展的历史趋势,为全球经济发展和文化交流提供了广阔的空间。全球文化发展的多样化趋势为中原文化提供了自我提升和大放异彩的机会。同时,全球文化的同质性和现代性对中原文化具有一定的冲击和挑战。该文深入挖掘中原文化对全球发展具有重要价值的思想内涵,探究其对外传播策略,对于中原地区的文化精神走向世界,从而提升我国文化软实力,具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。     

郝浴及其银冈书院

郝浴是清初东北著名文化流人,曾因揭发吴三桂而被流放到辽宁。在流放辽宁的22年中,他自强不息,在铁岭创办了银冈书院,成为辽北地区传播先进中原传统文化的中心,并培育了大批人才,为清代辽宁文化事业作出了突出贡献。本文通过翔实的史料,对郝浴本人及其所创办的银冈书院作了比较深入的论述,希望以此来推动清代辽宁流人文化的学术研究。     

从女性视角看辽河流域文化特点

辽河作为中国境内一条重要的河流,对中华文明的诞生、发展,有着不可磨灭的贡献。在中华文化的长河中,辽河流域文化形成了自己的特点,而生活在这片土地上的各族妇女,以自己独特的生活方式丰富强化了辽河流域文化特点,并在历史发展的过程中与中原文化相融合,对中原文化有所影响。尤其是近代以后,生活在辽河流域的各族妇女在新的历史条件下,积极进取,反抗奴役,为辽河流域文化谱写了新的篇章。     

新时代中原根亲文化创造性转化研究

以姓氏为资源的中原根亲文化,主要是以中原姓氏、历史名人为文化依托,以姓氏文化为内涵的一种文化形态。其文化根源是根亲,通过姓氏来溯祖追源来实现血脉相继的目的。中原根亲文化是中华民族落叶归根思想的典型表现,体现了中华民族血浓于水的亲情关系,它的魅力不仅在于是对文化的传承,更在于它已经成为海外华人寻根问祖最重要的依据,从而激发炎黄子孙深刻融入在血脉中的爱国情怀与建设共同精神家园的热情,进而对地方精神文明发展起到巨大的推动作用。     

势在必行的草原文化创新

无极在《实践》2007年第5期发表《略论草原文化的底蕴、内涵和创新》一文,他指出,草原民族在与中原民族不断融合并受中原文化深刻影响的历史进程中,不仅在军事、政治、经济、法律等制度方面有许多惊世骇俗的创举,而且在语言文字、宗教哲学、天文历算、石窟寺庙、音乐歌舞等精神领域也有不胜枚举的独特创造。所有这些创举和创造,又几乎无一不在表明草原文化是中华文化重要组成部分的一致性和在整个世界文化系统中的特殊性。     

秀美张家口 生态新家园

张家口市地处京津冀和晋冀蒙经济圈的交汇点,处于首都北京上风上水位置,是京津平原地区的生态屏障。张家口市历史文化悠久,自古以来就成为中原文化与北方文化接触的“三岔口”和交流通道。     

略说辽宁文化的特点

地域文化是近年学术界十分关注的研究领域,对地域文化特点的认识也越来越深入。近年许多学者对辽宁文化的特点进行了认真研究,认为它相对中华整体文化来说是一种亚文化,而历史性、民族性是其基本特征。这种说法当然正确,但比较笼统,应当作更细致、更具体的理解。本文便认为,辽宁文化的主要特点,可归纳为边缘性、差异性、多样性、趋同性、交融性、曲折性六个方面,而其核心,是辽宁地域文化与中原主体文化的相互关系。     

企业文化决定未来发展——访全国人大代表、中原石油分公司总经理孔凡群

“我们要努力建设具有油田特点和时代特色的‘中原石油文化’,进一步加快促进油田的改革与发展。”全国人大代表、中原石油分公司总经理孔凡群在河南代表团分组讨论期间接受本刊记者采访时说,“任何一个企业的企业文化都将决定着这个企业未来的发展之路”。     

试论尚阳堡文化

明清时期,封建统治阶级在东北地区设置了流犯监狱,尚阳堡(位于辽宁省铁岭市清河区境内)是其中比较著名的国家流犯监狱之一。被发配到尚阳堡的东北流人,与当地民众和驻守官军等共同创造了尚阳堡文化。他们通过开展文学艺术创作活动,开东北文学艺术创作风气之先,为中国诗史留下许多精品佳作,成为珍贵的文化遗产;主持编撰出版了多部地方志书,为后世保存了大量有价值的研究资料;兴办教育事业,为当地培养了一批人才;把中原先进的生产技术传入东北,促进了东北农耕文化和地方贸易的发展;促进了中华民族的融合与团结,使之成为明清时期多民族聚居地之一。     

特色小镇在民族深度贫困地区的扶贫探索--以广西都安瑶族文化长寿养生特色小镇规划为例

中国进入脱贫攻坚的决胜期,肩负着2020年必须实现全面脱贫的历史使命,民族地区一直是脱贫攻坚的主战场,是打赢脱贫攻坚战的重点。广西河池市都安县是国家级深度贫困县,以都安瑶族文化长寿养生特色小镇建设为契机,探索在扶贫大背景下特色小镇在其中起到的意义和作用。提出了"民族文化+"的扶贫新模式,从民族品牌建设为引领,从"民族文化+旅游""民族文化+产业""民族文化+人才""民族文化+创业""民族文化+就业"5个方面为抓手,紧抓特色小镇发展优势,提出针对性的扶贫路径和扶贫模式,助推都安县扶贫攻坚战,也为全国其他民族地区的扶贫提供了一种新的思路。     

In the Shadow of Schumpeter: W. Rupert Maclaurin and the Study of Technological Innovation

J. Schumpeter is a key figure, even a seminal one, on technological innovation. Most economists who study technological innovation refer to Schumpeter and his pioneering role in introducing innovation into economic studies. However, despite having brought forth the concept of innovation in economic theory, Schumpeter provided few if any analyses of the process of innovation itself. This paper suggests that the origin of systematic studies on technological innovation owes its existence to the economist W. Rupert Maclaurin from MIT. In the 1940s and 1950s, Maclaurin developed Schumpeter’s ideas, analyzing technological innovation as a process composed of several stages or steps, and proposed a theory of technological innovation, later called the linear model of innovation. The paper also argues that Maclaurin constructed one of the first taxonomies for measuring technological innovation.     

Trust the artist versus trust the tale: performance implications of talent and self-marketing in folk music

Based on a unique dataset of artists that are active in the German market for folk music—the third largest music genre in terms of popularity and sales—I study what factors determine the artists’ success. Following Rosen (Am Econ Rev 71(5):845–858, 1981), I test if differences in artistic performance have a direct effect on financial rewards as regards physical and digital record sales (“direct superstar effect”). Following Adler (Handbook on the economics of art and culture. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1985), I also study sales effects of a media presence of artists (“classical superstar effect”). Controlling for various contingency factors (e.g., record labels’ support, artists’ socio-demographics), I deal with an economic issue of general interest: Does it pay more to develop your skills in your core business to perfection or to maintain the current level of skills and invest in self-marketing; and do these effects apply to all folk artists alike? Rather contrary to studies on pop and rock genres, I find that higher ability increases artists’ revenues disproportionately, but simultaneously, openly competing for the recognition of one’s talent holds substantial economic risk. I also observe a positive effect of various types of media presence on financial rewards. However, these income determinants have different impacts on sales in physical versus in digital markets, and their effects vary across the success distribution from low- to top-selling artists as well.     

PATHWAYS TO CREATIVITY

Focusing on the ‘talent pathways’ outlined in the 2008 Department of Culture, Media and Sport Creative Britain report, this article explores how different forms of creative agency are positioned to make a ‘contribution’ to the creative economy. Drawing on Paul du Gay's concept of personhood, case studies on digital gaming explore the formation of two forms of personhood – creative consumers and creative workers. Specifically, these forms of creative agency are analysed in terms of their connections on the ‘talent pathway’, and the transitions that see creativity and talent as inherent in all individuals and in need of channelling and directing. The creative-consumer case study unpacks the digital games industry strategy of enrolling fan-creators within their commercial operations. This case study reveals the increasing importance of co-production for the creative economy, and the extent to which diverse cultural practices are facilitated and positioned. Higher education Games Design courses will then provide the case study for examining how the creative-consumer can be positioned to make a productive contribution to the creative economy as a worker. Within this context, the formation of fans/students into a creative worker or industry-ready worker is evident. Through tracing different forms of creative agency and how they are connected to make a contribution to the creative economy, this article explores the governance of creative agency and economic subjects.     

How Technological Platforms Reconfigure Science-Industry Relations: The Case of Micro- and Nanotechnology

With reference to the recent science studies debate on the nature of science-industry relationship, this article focuses on a novel organizational form: the technological platform. Considering the field of micro- and nanotechnology in Switzerland, it investigates how technological platforms participate in framing science-industry activities. On the basis of a comparative analysis of three technological platforms, it shows that the platforms relate distinctly to academic and to industrial users. It distinguishes three pairs of user models, one model in each pair pertaining to how platforms act toward and conceive of academic users, the other model regarding users from industry. The article then discusses how technological platforms reconfigure the science-economy divide. While the observed platforms provide new institutional contact and interaction between academia and industry, new research collaboration does not necessarily materialize in practice. In this respect, science-industry mediation by way of technological platforms does not make science-industry boundaries more porous. Instead, the declared openness of public research with respect to industry, in the case of technological platforms, may contribute to maintain public science’s autonomy.     

Contribution of historical Spanish inventions to the knowledge of olive oil industrial heritage

This article presents new research, which has the objective of quantifying the knowledge produced by historical technological innovations in the field of olive oil industrial heritage. It studies inventions related to the mechanical processes of the extraction of olive oil between 1826 and 1966, which are recorded in the Historical Archive of the Spanish Patent and Trademark Office. It uses a new adaptation of the methodology of knowledge management (KM) defined by Nonaka and Takeuchi. We have obtained the knowledge value of each innovation according to the level of technological knowledge registered at the time, while distinguishing between the historical evolution of inventions relating to milling and those relating to pressing. In the first analysis, the results show a recession in the quantitative level of knowledge in the olive oil sector with respect to the technological potential of the time. However, when contrasted with the events relating to industrial heritage at the time, it is possible to account for this technological evolution and prove the validity of the methodology used. The results show that general evolution of the knowledge generated has decreased, particularly in the pressing process, although this is not the case in the milling process.     

The Strange Meshing of Impersonal and Personal Forces in Technological Action

Abstract

Many critical approaches ascribe a deficit of meaning to technology. The theory of technological action developed in the paper treats technology as an important, eventful terrain for collective life. Drawing on Michel Foucault’s idea of problematisation, it places contemporary technological actions in settings suffused by power relations. It finds in the work of Gilbert Simondon ways of explaining how technological action overflows social norms, forms, identities and structures. Based on analysis of processes of abstraction and concretisation in a spectrum of symptomatic examples, it contends that cultural theory should develop understandings of the potentials that give rise to technological acts as a way of being with others. The paper suggests how cultural theory can engage with the specificities of these actions.     

“Innovation Studies”: The Invention of a Specialty

Innovation has become a very popular concept over the twentieth century. However, few have stopped to study the origins of the category and to critically examine the studies produced on innovation. This paper conducts such an analysis on one type of innovation, namely technological innovation. The study of technological innovation is over one hundred years old. From the early 1900s onward, anthropologists, sociologists, historians, and economists began theorizing about technological innovation, each from his own respective disciplinary framework. However, in the last forty years an economic and ??dominant?? understanding of technological innovation has developed: technological innovation defined as commercialized invention. This paper documents the origins of this representation and the tradition of research to which it gave rise: ??innovation studies.?? More specifically, it analyzes what distinguishes this tradition from that concerned with technological change as the use of inventions in industrial production, and looks at why such a tradition originated in Europe.     

From Green Revolution to Green Evolution: A Critique of the Political Myth of Averted Famine

This paper critiques the so-called “Green Revolution” as a political myth of averted famine. A “political myth,” among other functions, reflects a narrative structure that characterizes understandings of causality between policy action and outcome. As such, the details of a particular political myth elevate certain policy options (and families of policy options) over others. One important narrative strand of the political myths of the Green Revolution is a story of averted famine: in the 1950s and 1960s, scientists predicted a global crisis to emerge in the 1970s and beyond, created by a rapidly growing global population that would cause global famine as food supplies would not keep up with demand. The narrative posits that an intense period of technological innovation in agricultural productivity led to increasing crop yields which led to more food being produced, and the predicted crisis thus being averted. The fact that the world did not experience a global famine in the 1970s is cited as evidence in support of the narrative. Political myths need not necessarily be supported by evidence, but to the extent that they shape understandings of cause and effect in policymaking, political myths which are not grounded in evidence risk misleading policymakers and the public. We argue a political myth of the Green Revolution focused on averted famine is not well grounded in evidence and thus has potential to mislead to the extent it guides thinking and action related to technological innovation. We recommend an alternative narrative: The Green Evolution, in which sustainable improvements in agricultural productivity did not necessarily avert a global famine, but nonetheless profoundly shaped the modern world. More broadly, we argue that one of the key functions of the practice of technology assessment is to critique and to help create the political myths that preserve an evidence-grounded basis for connecting the cause and effect of policy action and practical outcomes.