第18届世界杯足球赛失球特征分析

采用文献资料、数理统计等方法，对第18届世界杯足球赛失球数量、失球因素、失球区域和失球时间等进行了分析研究，结果表明：盯人不紧、未封住射门路线、抢点失利是失球的主要因素；罚球区是失球的主要区域；比赛最后15min失球最多。     

第14届世界杯足球赛失球情况的统计与分析

本文从失球因素、失球区域和射门方式方面对第14届世界杯足球赛决赛52场比赛的115个失球进行了分析。其中,盯人不紧是失球的首要因素;罚球区是失球的主要区域;直接射门是得分的主要方式。     

第十八届世界杯足球赛失球特征的分析

对第十八届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段32支球队64场比赛的147个失球特征进行分析,结果表明:从失球数量来看,本届世界杯场均失球数少于此前3届世界杯,从失球的区域分布来看,失球最多的区域是2区和3区;盯人不紧、定位球、未封住射门路线是失球的主要因素;从失球时段来看,上半场失球多于下半场,61~75min是防守相对稳定阶段,比赛75~90min是失球的高峰期。     

第15届世界杯足球赛失球情况的研究

本文从失球因素、失球区域和射门方式等方面对第１５届世界杯足球赛决赛５２场比赛的１４１个球进行了分析。其中，未封住射门路线是失球的首要因素；罚球区是失球的主要区域。     

对第15届世界杯足球决赛阶段失球因素的聚类分析与研究

通过电视录相,对第15届世界杯足球决赛阶段52场比赛,141个失球进行统计。从失球的防守失误因素、失球时间、失球区域、射门方式的4类25项指标,运用对单个指标分析、两两指标间的相关系数、多类多指标的R型聚类的方法进行分析与研究,探讨本届杯赛的失球规律。     

对2014年巴西足球世界杯亚洲队失球分析

通过对亚洲队的失球分析,找出了亚洲队的问题,结果表明;亚洲队失球的主要因素是盯人不紧和未封住射门路线。亚洲队失球的主要区域是大禁区的中路。亚洲队失球球权来源主要是前场抢断和中场抢断。亚洲队失球时对方进攻方式主要是阵地进攻,其次是快速反击;在对方进攻路线上,中路和边路相差不大。亚洲队失球时对方射门的防守状态主要是弱干扰,其次是无干扰,强干扰较少。亚洲队失球时段主要是第5、第6和第2时段,下半场失球高于上半场。     

南非世界杯决赛阶段球队失球区域与防守失误特征的分析研究

对第十九届南非世界杯决赛阶段32支球队145个失球区域、防守失误特征进行系统的分析与研究,旨在揭示该届世界杯足球赛各队失球的一般规律与特点,对足球运动的的科学训练、提高比赛的防守质量与效率提供一些理论参考与建议。     

第8届全运会女子足球决赛失防失球情况调查研究

对第84全运会女足赛的12场比赛进行失防、失球的统计分析,结果表明盯人不紧,抢球失误是造成放射门和失球的主要原因,区域防守战术配合是防守薄弱环节,放射门时局部区域的防守人数占优。建议大力提高队员个人防守能力,创造比赛环境的防守训练方法,增强队员防守战术意识,争取防守人数的优势,注重防守质量。     

第16届亚洲杯足球赛决赛阶段失球特征分析

采用文献资料法、录相观察法、数理统计法,对2015年第16届亚洲杯足球赛16支参赛球队32场比赛中的85个失球特征进行统计与分析（不包括点球决胜期的失球）,结果显示：本届亚洲杯足球赛失球数量相比上届的90个失球数有所减少;46min~60min是比赛失球的高峰期;失球方式以对方抢点直接射门和头球射门为主;盯人不紧和未堵住射门路线是失球的重要因素;体能在比赛最后阶段将会起到关键作用。     

对高水平足球比赛失球区域的探讨

本文通过对第15届世界杯决赛、95—96年意大利甲级联赛和95年全国甲级（A组）联赛共计423个直接失球情况的统计和分析,找出了传、失球的主要区域,并进行了对比分析和差异检验,旨在为提高我国足球整体防守水平提供一定的参考依据。     

Squad management,injury and match performance in a professional soccer team over a championship-winning season

Abstract

Squad management, injury and physical, tactical and technical match performance were investigated in a professional soccer team across five consecutive league seasons (2008–2013, 190 league games) with specific focus on a championship-winning season (2010/11). For each player, match participation and time-loss injuries were recorded, the latter prospectively diagnosed by the team's physician. Defending and attacking tactical and technical performance indicators investigated included ball possession and possession in opponents' half, passes, forward passes, completed passes and forward passes, crosses and completed crosses, goal attempts and goal attempts on target, successful final third entries, free-kicks and 50/50 duels won/lost. Physical performance measures included total distance and distance covered at high-speeds (≥19.1 km/h). Results showed that during the 2010/11 season, squad utilisation was lowest potentially owing to the observed lower match injury occurrence and working days lost to injury thereby increasing player availability. In 2010/11, the team won both its highest number of points and conceded its lowest number of goals especially over the second half of this season. The team also won its highest number of games directly via a goal from a substitute and scored and conceded a goal first on the highest and lowest number of occasions, respectively. While multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) detected a significant difference in some attacking and defensive performance indicators across the five seasons, these were generally not distinguishing factors in 2010/11. Similarly, univariate ANOVAs showed a significant difference in running distances covered across seasons, but the trend was for less activity in 2010/11.     

Informational constraints on interceptive actions of elite football goalkeepers in 1v1 dyads during competitive performance

The aim of this study was to examine whether perceptual variables can provide informational constraints for the goalkeepers to intercept the ball successfully in 1v1 dyads. Video images of 42 actions (1v1 in direct shots) were selected randomly from different matches and divided into conceded goals (n = 20) and saved actions (n = 22) to investigate interceptive actions of 20 goalkeepers in the English Premier League in season 2013–2014. Time to Contact (TTC) of the closing distance gap between shooter and goalkeeper was obtained by digitising actions in the 18-yard penalty box. Statistical analyses revealed that, in sequences of play resulting in an intercepted shot at goal, goalkeepers closed down outfield players in the X axis, whereas when a goal was conceded, there was a significantly delayed movement by goalkeepers toward the shooters in this plane. The results of canonical correlations showed that a decreasing distance between a shooter and goalkeeper, and accompanied reduction in relative interpersonal velocity followed a temporal pattern. Findings of this study showed how perception of key informational constraints on dyadic system relations, such as TTC, interpersonal distance and relative velocity, constrain elite goalkeepers’ interceptive actions, playing an important role in successful performance.     

"以人为本"教育思想指导下高校体育隐蔽课德育价值的研究

采用文献资料法,逻辑分析法对影响体育隐蔽课的精神因素及德育功能进行了深入的探讨,运用隐蔽课是符合人的思想品德和个性心理品质形成和发展规律的德育方式,将一系列与体育隐蔽课的精神因素有关的信息结合起来,启发教师正确应用体育隐蔽课影响教育学生,使体育隐蔽课真正发挥其德育的功能。     

奥林匹克运动实践中的危机倾向

现代奥林匹克运动在取得巨大成就的同时，也面临许多难以解决的问题，潜伏着严重的危机，主要是：政治干扰，民族问题，由于职业选手参赛而引发的信仰危机和参赛条件的不平等，商业化与奥林匹克理想的矛盾，商业化加大地区间体育发展的差距及其对奥运会正常赛事的干预。     

Analysis of direct free kicks in the women's football World Cup 2007

Abstract

The location and outcome of all free kicks taken directly at goal in the 2007 women's football World Cup were assessed to identify areas with the most goal-scoring potential and assist with tactical decisions and training design. Video of all free kicks taken directly at goal in the 32 games was captured and the location of the ball on the pitch was calculated from pitch markings and image pixel coordinates using a customized curve-fitting method. The outcome of each free kick was determined and for those that resulted in a goal or were saved, information on ball flight time and the placement of the ball relative to the goal was reported. All seven free kicks that resulted in a goal were taken from a central area within 7 m of the penalty circle, placed at the edge of the goal within approximately 1 m of the goalpost, and had an average flight time of 1.09 s, which was significantly faster than for those that were saved. All free kicks directed towards the bottom and centre of the goal resulted in straightforward saves for the goalkeeper. It is recommended that teams should consider a direct shot from free kicks awarded within 7 m of the penalty circle. For free kicks from wide areas and areas further from the goal, players should be aware of their individual ability and only take a shot when they perceive the probability of scoring a goal to be high. Otherwise, alternative attacking strategies should be considered to avoid an easy turnover of possession.     

Chance involvement in goal scoring in football – an empirical approach

This study examines the impact of chance in football using the case of goal scoring. For this purpose, chance in goal scoring is defined as goals involving uncontrollable or not planned aspects. “Chance variables” were defined according to the principle of downward estimation, i.e. when one of these variables is involved this is an uncontrollable or not planned aspect of scoring a goal, although chance may also have an impact in instances other than those collected. Six “chance variables” were identified: deflection, rebound, goalkeeper involvement, post/bar hits, long distance shots, and defence involvement. In the 2011/2012 season, the 875 goals in German Bundesliga and the 1056 goals in English Premier League were examined for the presence of these variables. Of the goals examined, 47.0% showed at least one chance variable (deflection: 4.8%; rebound: 9.4%, goalkeeper: 2.5%; post/bar: 5.2%; distance: 13.1%, and defence: 22.5%). The two leagues differed significantly only in the sense of more goalkeeper interventions in the Bundesliga and more distance goals in the Premier League. The rate of chance-goals drops significantly with the number of prior goals in a match (χ²?=?17.59; p?=?0.004). In both leagues, there is no significant correlation between final ranking and the percentage of chance-goals scored or conceded. If one accepts the selected chance variables as indicators of uncontrollable or not planned aspects of scoring, the results of this study can be taken as empirical proof for the existence and widespread prevalence of chance involvement in goal scoring in football with many interesting consequences.     

我国与世界优秀女子七项全能选手成绩的比较研究

采用文献资料法、数理统计法和比较法,对我国与世界优秀女子七项全能运动员成绩进行对比分析.结果表明我国女子七项全能在经过发展和提高之后正处于滑坡阶段,我国与世界优秀女子七项全能选手相比,无论在总成绩还是在单项上均存在较大差距,而快速力量性项目(跳远、标枪、铅球)尤为明显.     

从19届世界杯失球看现代足球的防守格局

就2010年第19届世界杯足球决赛阶段64场比赛的145个失球,对当今世界各大洲最高水平足球队在比赛防守中所暴露出各种现象进行分析和研究。结果表明：四大洲球队其失球的主要因素均以盯人不紧所占比例居首位;欧洲和美洲球队在比赛中的防守能力总体要好于亚洲和非洲球队;前四名球队因身体素质和技战术水平的差异,在失球的防守中各有不同特征表现。     

女子技巧三人项目抛起配合技术的生物力学模式

本文研究了女子技巧三人抛起配合技术的地面支撑反力的特征．从力学模式的建立与公式的推导论证证明，下面人蹬伸力量大．速度快，上面人体重轻、在下面人手上蹬伸的速度快，而且上下面人蹬伸的时间同步．是３人抛起配合技术的最佳技术．     

对奥运战略重点项目投入结构的分析与对策建议

奥运战略重点项目投入结构是否合理,对国家奥运战略目标的实现影响重大,实现这一目标的基础在地方。表文根据投入产出原理,从经济角度对奥运战略重点项目作了分类并提出合理投入顺序。采用典型分析方法,定量剖析了天津市奥运战略重点项目在各训练层次、运动项目中,运动员、教练员及训练费用的投入数量结构状况。发现其投入的基本趋势,并据此提出了对策建议。