Personality Ability and Achievement in Primary School Children

This study investigated the relationship of personality, ability and school achievement. The findings here were that:

1. intelligence is the major determinant of school achievement;

2. bright children tend to come from smaller families than dull children;

3. relatively unstable children have a better level of school achievement than stable children;

4. extraversion‐introversion had no effect on school achievement.

     

A Survey of Athletic Participation and Scholastic Achievement

Abstract

Using actual referrals, this investigation identified teachers’ specific reasons for referring students, teachers’ attributions for students’ difficulties in school settings, and whether causes are related to reasons for referral. Major findings indicated that (1) reasons for referral were consistent with previous investigations, (2) although boys were referred twice as often as girls, teachers ascribed similar causes for boys and girls, and (3) teachers’ attributions were primarily due to factors other than adequacy of instruction. Several explanations for the complexity of factors influencing teachers’ decisions to refer students are discussed.     

Attention,Scholastic Achievement and Timing of Lessons

Previous research has revealed that lower grade elementary school pupils who differ in their ability to learn to read also differ with respect to the optimal time of day for reading achievement. The present study strove to determine the hours of optimal attention in older pupils who varied in their apparent aptitude for mathematics. A sample of 204 fifth graders and 202 tenth graders were divided into three groups (high, average and low ability) on the basis of their mean yearly mathematics achievement scores. The subjects were asked to report on their attention levels throughout the day. The findings showed that fifth graders' attention levels were especially high in the afternoon, whereas tenth graders reported increased concentration during the morning hours. Among tenth graders, but not among fifth graders, there was a significant interaction between mathematics achievement and attention levels at various times of day. The practical implications of these findings for the planning of school schedules are discussed.     

Conceptions of Ability and Achievement Goals in Physical Education: Comparisons of American and Chinese Students

This study focused on comparisons of American and Chinese students in conceptions of ability and achievement goals in physical education. Three hundred eight American students and 371 Chinese students in 4th, 8th, and 11th grades completed questionnaires assessing their conceptions of ability and achievement goals. Results indicated that for both American and Chinese students, as they progressed through the grades they tended to develop a differentiated conception of ability and to become more ego-oriented. Achievement goals were related to conceptions of ability. Cultural differences were found in the two variables. The findings offer additional empirical support to the view that goal theory is relevant to physical education settings and that achievement-related cognitions vary as a function of children's age and cultural background.     

Beyond Black and White: The Impact of Asian Peers on Scholastic Achievement

This paper examines the effects of Asian peers on non-Asian student achievement in New York City public schools. We use exogenous variation in the share of Asian students across cohorts within schools stemming from a fertility shock among the Asian population in the Chinese year of the Dragon. Results show that a 10-percentage-point increase in the share of Asian students reduces non-Asian math and ELA scores by 0.14 and 0.16 standard deviations. The reduction in achievement is associated with an increase in the share of non-Asian students who fail to demonstrate the skills expected at the grade, especially in math.     

Method of Measurement and Gender Differences in Scholastic Achievement

Gender differences in scholastic achievement as a function of method of measurement were examined by comparing the performance of 15-year-old boys (N = 739) and girls (N = 758) in Irish schools on multiple-choice tests and free-response tests (requiring short written answers) of mathematics, Irish, and English achievement. Males performed significantly better than females on multiple-choice tests compared to their performance on free-response examinations. An expectation that the gender difference would be larger for the languages and smaller for mathematics because of the superior verbal skills attributed to females was not fulfilled.     

论学校管理与校长领导力的提升

当前学校发展过程中管理与领导的关系存在四种状况,其中最理想的状况是“强有力的领导和管理”型。因此,光有常规管理不够,还必须拥有杰出的领导者,提升校长的领导力,将传统的“控制型”管理和“变革型”领导有机结合起来,以实现学校发展远景。     

高中生人格特征与学业成绩的相关研究

采用卡特尔十六种人格因素测验量表（16PF），分析高一学生的人格特征与学业成绩的关系。发现：高一学生的学业成绩与独立人格特征正相关显著；高中男生和女生在非智力因素方面存在性别差异；高中男生具有比女生更高的心理健康水平。     

Scholastic Aptitude and Achievement as Predictors of Performance on Teacher Competency Tests: A Further Investigation

Abstract

In an extension of an earlier study (McPhee & Kerr, 1985), the authors investigated the relationships among scholastic aptitude, achievement, and performance on the secondary form of the Curriculum Proficiency Exam, a state-mandated teacher competency test. Results were similar to findings with the elementary form of the test, indicating little criterion-related validity and some areas in which apparent validity is questionable. Further investigation and/or revision of the test was recommended.     

高校教学理念的更新探索

更新教学理念对提高高校教学质量非常重要。分析了传统教学理念的弊端, 论述了新的教学观中如何看待教学过程中教师的角色、教师与学生的关系, 以及教与学的关系; 如何看待教材与科学知识、教学过程与结果等问题.     

排球运动中移动能力的理论分析及训练方法

移动技术在排球运动中发挥着重要的作用,较强的移动能力保证了排球运动员对技术的发挥和运用,针对提高学生在排球运动中的移动能力,提出了一些相应的训练方法.     

运动员的运动能力和脂类、蛋白质的关系

随着现代科学技术的突飞猛进和体育事业的日益发展，营养在体育运动中的作用和地位越来越受到人们的关注，由于运动员在训练和比赛中消耗能量较多，只有给予及时补充，才能满足正常需要，因此，合理的营养补充对运动员来说，是提高运动成绩，增强体力快速恢复，以取得良好运动训练效果的物质保证；脂肪、蛋白质在运动训练时起着重要的供能作用，它是运动员保持最佳身体和竞技状态的物质基础，对运动成绩有直接的影响；根据多年训练实践，就运动员的运动能力与脂类、蛋白质的相互关系进行探讨，以便为运动员在训练和比赛后的快速恢复及保持竞技状态进行合理营养补充和膳食安排。     

International Student Achievement Comparisons and US STEM Workforce Development

Journal of Science Education and Technology - Comparisons of US student achievement to other countries, conducted since the 1960s, have received extensive media coverage in the USA. Policy studies...     

英语专业学生学业成就评价现状调查及改革建议

课题研究小组利用自行设计的"英语专业学生学业成就评价现状及改革调查问卷",从英语专业人才培养的素质、学生学业成就评价的目的、内容、方法、主体以及评价标准的改革等方面,对安徽科技学院英语师范专业05级、06级、07级、08级的学生进行了问卷调查,通过剖析存在的问题来证实学生学业成就评价改革的必要性,并提出改革的建议和措施.