Women of Color in Society and Sport

This article reviews literature that discusses parallels between women of color in society and sport. Although special emphasis is placed on African American women's social, historical, and sport traditions, information on other ethnic groups' socioeconomic status and participation in sport is included. The discussion focuses on the absence or silence of diverse ethnic women within the mainstream of society, sport, and scholarship and summarizes literature that highlights intersections of gender, race, and socioeconomic class. Research completed on women of color in sport is reviewed using Douglas's analysis of the levels of research. A call is made for more scholarship on women of color from diverse ethnic backgrounds and different social realities in order to have more inclusive womanist/feminist scholarship and race-relations theory.     

辽西区域城市体育文化圈的构建研究

城市体育文化圈是实现区域体育资源空间一体化、提升城市居民综合素质、增强城市核心竞争力的有效途径。立足辽西地区具有明显地域区位优势、特色城市体育品牌、鲜明民俗体育文化、优越户外运动资源、完备体育设施基础和十二届全运会发展契机等特点,提出构建辽西区域体育文化圈的发展策略。旨在促进区域间城市体育跨文化融合,推动区域体育文化产业化发展,实现我国城市体育文化可持续性发展。     

Interrogating Positive Youth Development Through Sport Using Critical Race Theory

ABSTRACT

Sport has the potential to serve as a context in which youth can develop as players and people. Positive youth development (PYD) through sport is a prevalent strength-based approach that aims to promote life skills acquisition in youth participants. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the utility of critically interrogating PYD through sport using critical race theory (CRT). Select key tenets of CRT serve as analytical tools that can highlight potentially problematic assumptions that underline current approaches to PYD through sport. Interrogation of PYD through sport using CRT exposes its limitations in theory, research, and practice. This race-centered perspective can help to reimagine sport coaching for positive development from a more socially responsible, critical praxis.     

浅论中国传统文化对中国人现代体育审美观的影响

体育审美近年来在世界上有了迅速的发展，中国人也不断研讨体育审美的课题，本文蛄合中国人的传统文化。对现代体育项目中中国人的审美现念做一些初步探讨。     

"轻体育"对职业女性心肺功能及心理的影响

“轻体育”也称“轻松体育”或“快乐体育”,是大众体育的一种形式.职业女性平时的锻炼是不够的,经过对持续参加“轻体育”锻炼的职业女性有关心肺功能和心理方面的测试,结果显示,长期的“轻体育”运动可使她们的心肺功能、精神状态及心理状态得到明显改善.     

Why Diversity Matters in Rural America: Women Faculty of Color Challenging Whiteness

Using critical race theory as an analytical framework to examine White privilege and institutional racism, two teacher educators, in a rural predominantly White university tell counterstories about teaching for social justice in literacy and mathematics education courses. In sharing our counterstories in this paper, we, women faculty of color, challenge Whiteness and institutional racism with the hopes of: (1) promoting social justice teaching in order to globally prepare (pre-and-in-service) teachers and educational leaders to motivate and empower ALL students to learn; (2) dismantling racism to promote better wellbeing for women faculty of color; and (3) moving educational communities at large closer toward equitable education, which is a fundamental civil right. After analyzing the counterstories, we suggest that university leaders establish policies and practices to support (recruit, retain, and promote) faculty/leaders of color, not just mainstream academics. Working toward equity and justice, we strive to form alliances between Whites and Others.     

Commentary

This paper examines the sociological implications of sport as a male preserve. Sport is a gendered cultural form that has been dominated by men and masculinity. The effects of this domination upon broader patterns of social relations have been misrepresented in much of the literature on sport and gender, where sport is often conceptualized as a static fact, rather than as a dynamic social practice. Analysis of sport as social practice directs attention to the manner in which sport gives meaning to broader patterns of social relations. In the case of gender relations, sport as a male preserve has contributed to the oppression of women through the objectification and dornination of their physicality and sexuality. A feminist alternative to sport as a male preserve challenges gender inequality by challenging sexual stereotypes and patriarchal control of women's bodies.     

Comparing Alternative Voices in the Academy: Navigating the Complexity of Mentoring Relationships from Divergent Ethnic Backgrounds

In this article, we explore the personal mentoring experiences of two female scholars of diverse ethnic backgrounds across research-intensive institutions. Female faculty of color face substantial barriers to success in academe including mental and emotional discomfort, being treated as symbolically representing their race and gender, and social isolation. There is a distinct paucity of literature that describes the experiences of American Indian women in the Academy. Many women of Western European descent face similar barriers, regardless of racial majority status. This auto-ethnographic comparative study explores the degree to which the experiences of women from differing ethnicities might lend insight into the ways in which barriers to success both converge and differ at the microlevel. These convergent themes of mentorship have the possibility of providing insights for the development of intentional mentorship practice to support junior faculty and doctoral students engaged in scholarship.     

On Learning Values Through Sport

The Soviet critique of sport and physical culture has a Marxist-Leninist basis and emphasizes the utilitarian functions of physical culture within the overall social superstructure. One of its distinguishing features is an ongoing polemic with bourgeoise interpretations of sport and physical culture. Soviet scholars maintain that physical culture developed out of man's conscious desire to train himself for military and labor activity. One of the weaknesses of Soviet scholarship is its failure to examine closely the playful aspects of physical culture. Recent structuralist studies provide a basis for analyzing competitive sport's many complex roles, particularly its spectacular ones. The greatest strengths of the Soviet critique of sport and physical culture are its demonstration of the social character of sport and its stress on the role of sport and physical culture in personality development.     

Equality and Merit: A Merit-Based Argument for Equity Policies in Higher Education

We assume, for the sake of argument, that the sole purpose of colleges and universities is the advancement of knowledge through teaching and research, and that academic merit, as defined by each discipline, ought to be the only relevant criterion in admissions and hiring decisions. Even on this restrictive set of assumptions, we argue that hiring and admitting women and people of color is sometimes the best way for colleges and universities to advance knowledge. We then address two objections to our argument, that race and sex are no more relevant than being left- or right-handed, and that the epistemic attributes we ascribe to women and people of color belong to people as individuals, not as members of certain groups. We conclude that academic merit and social justice are mutually compatible.     

《白鹿原》:生命的苦难与悲凉

《白鹿原》通过一群“白鹿原人”在 2 0世纪上半叶中国历史舞台的全面文化突围和全部文化遇难 ,点明了我们中华民族在迁移过程中先天存在的某种文化悲剧性。在《白鹿原》文化历史梦魇式的文学呓语背后 ,正是传统的封建文化 ,导致了白鹿原人生命的苦难与悲凉 ,造成了他们人生的全部死亡、灾难和不幸     

中央苏区体育精神文化研究

包括体育文艺和体育文学等在内的体育精神文化是中央苏区体育文化中的重要组成部分。它适应于苏区体育的群众性,因而具有强烈的大众性特征。苏区丰富的体育精神文化的出现,既有赖于中央苏区领导者和体育工作组织者们的高度重视,也得益于苏区广大群众的参与和创造,对推动苏区体育运动的发展发挥了巨大的能动作用。     

Identity construction in adolescent girls: the context dependency of racial and gendered perceptions

This study examines the life world of school‐going adolescent girls in Johannesburg and their construction of identity. It outlines the socio‐historical background of concepts relating to identity such as race and culture and their use and misuse in the South African context. In South Africa, race/culture/identity have been historically conflated for political purposes. This article considers ‘being Black’ and ‘being White’ as ‘invisible’ and pre‐constituted categories and shows how these categories are best understood as being context‐bound. These varied contexts are perceived by girls as being related to class location, geographical areas, socialization, religion, views on marriage speaking English, generational differences and the secrecy around racist discourse as well as the hopes for reconciliation between Black and White people. For White girls, the simultaneous confidence in and ambiguity of their ‘being White’ is inscribed in its negation and a world of dwindling privilege. Although race is a significant strand in Black girls’ identity, socio‐economic factors emerge as the most important formative feature of identity.     

影响山西高校女子中跑运动员速度和速度耐力因素分析

作为高校女子中跑运动员这一特殊的群体的研究很少,本文在对以前各种中跑理论与训练观点及方法分析的基础上,结合山西高校女子中跑运动员这一特殊群体所具有的特征,通过对山西师范大学体育学院、山西大学体育学院、太原师范大学体育系女子中跑运动员的训练方法和训练成绩研究,对其训练和提高比赛成绩的方法等提出了新的建议和要求。     

谈太极拳运动对大学生的健身作用

随着大学生对终身体育意识的逐步重视,太极拳运动作为一项传统的体育项目正受到越来越多的大学生的青睐。本文通过文献资料法,从太极拳运动自身的特点,对大学生的心血管系统、呼吸系统、神经系统、运动系统等方面的保健作用进行了初步探讨,旨在推进太极拳运动的大众化,促进全民健身与终身体育事业的发展。     

“I want to speak like the other people”: Second language learning as a virtuous spiral for migrant women?

This article contributes to scholarship on migrant women’s second language (L2) education in North America and Europe. Questioning reductionist understandings of the relationship between female migrants, their receiving communities and L2 education, the authors consider existing literature as well as their own qualitative work to investigate the challenges, opportunities and agency of migrant women. Weaving together and thematically presenting previous scholarship and qualitative data from interviews, participant observations and classroom recordings from a mixed-gender L2 adult migrant classroom in Austria and an all-women L2 migrant classroom in the United States, they trouble conceptualisations which position women primarily as passive recipients of education and in need of emancipation, while simultaneously elevating communities as agentic providers of these. Specifically, the authors emphasise that (1) L2 proficiency is not a guarantee for migrant women’s social inclusion or socioeconomic advancement; (2) migrant women’s complex challenges and agency need to be recognised and addressed; and (3) all involved in L2 education of migrant women do well to become learners of their own experiences of oppression, including their complicity in it.     

Re-telling the “Story So Far”: Reconsidering Sport and Spirituality in Light of the New Age

ABSTRACT

Sport and spirituality is a burgeoning academic area of study (Jirasek, 2015). To date, the field has been dominated by Christian scholarship (Watson & Parker, 2011). Incidentally, the history of the field is often narrated from a Christocentric viewpoint. Such narratives downplay, denigrate, or ignore the impact of other religious ideas. This article highlights New Age thinking as a primary driver of sport and spirituality, and problematizes exclusively Christianized historiographies of the field. Exposing connections to New Age figures and ideas, this article demonstrates the necessity of a more nuanced narrative of the field of sport and spirituality. It concludes by suggesting that scholars of sport should critically attend to the historiographical, theoretical, and methodological developments of a field, as these are inherently political practices.     

蕉身作艇敢为先——顺德龙舟历史文化研究

顺德龙舟有着悠久的历史,在其发展过程中,它继承了岭南传统文化的特色与个性,兼容了中原文化的内容,逐渐形成了顺德广大群众喜闻乐见的民俗和体育运动,并取得丰硕成果。2005年,顺德获得"全国龙舟之乡"的称号。"团结合作,奋勇拼搏,一往无前"的龙舟精神,更升华为顺德精神。顺德龙舟已经成为顺德一项具有国际影响力的文化品牌。     

The Laryngectomees organize

Team sport apologia are rooted in the ethic of the sport world. Sport figures defend their characters when their conduct appears to the fans to be inconsistent with that ethic. Sport personalities not only attempt to “repair” their public image, but they also reassure fans that they are committed to their teams and the ethic of their sport. They express sorrow for offending others, assert a desire to play the game, and ignore situational detail that could undermine their apologies.     

Extending the Bounds of Race and Racism: Indigenous Women and the Persistence of the Black–White Paradigm of Race

In this article, I illustrate how the dominant Black–White binary paradigm of race in the United States situates Indigenous women as either racialized Others or White Others in the context of a predominantly White university. Race and racism are thus salient in the lives of Indigenous students in multiple and complex ways—ways which are rarely elaborated upon in the current research literature. Angelina E. Castagno is a PhD Candidate in the Department of Educational Policy Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison.