The Stratification of Youth Training∗

Abstract

This article is based on surveys in 1988 among representative samples totalling 4,247 16‐19 year olds from four areas (Kirkcaldy, Liverpool, Sheffield and Swindon), of whom 1,562 had some experience of Youth Training (YT). The young people's likelihood of entering YT depended primarily on their educational qualifications and where they lived. Trainees’ chances of being kept on by the firms where they were trained depended mainly on their types of schemes and their performances during training, indicated by whether or not they earned any additional qualifications. The chances of those not retained moving immediately to jobs with other firms were more dependent on their school‐leaving qualifications and where they lived. The authors interpret their evidence to argue that employers’ uses of YT in the late‐1980s were creating increasingly clear divisions between sponsorship, contest and warehousing sectors.

     

American Education—A Scapegoat

ABSTRACT

An essay's motive or research problem consists of the rhetorical moves illuminating why that essay matters—what puzzling elements of a primary source it resolves, which contradictions in the data it explains, or what gaps in the literature it fills. This article invites college instructors to dedicate some of their classroom time to teaching students how to construct original, motive-driven arguments. More specifically, the article describes the conceptual triangle technique that uses a simple three-point concept map as the first step in active argument building. This technique is simple and flexible enough to be adapted across subject areas, data, and disciplines. The focus on scholarly motive in general and the use of the conceptual triangle in particular can be effective ways to help academic writers at all levels to develop original arguments that matter.     

Youth Opportunities: A College‐Based Approach

Summary

This article explores the rationale for, and means by which, an effective response to the implications of the Single European Market might be achieved in further and higher education. Using the most recent research in the area it suggests that an effective response to this challenge is an economic imperative and that it can best be achieved by empowering the individual learner to take ownership of his or her own learning.     

Youth

如果淡蓝的天空有了冰淇淋的色彩生活会不会像果子酱一样流淌出甜蜜?如果青春的烦恼变成了岁月里跳跃的音符我们可不可以触摸到幸福的形状?     

A Letter from an American Mother

亲爱的孩子们: 我是一位美国妈妈,住在宾西法尼亚州。我有两个儿子。一个叫迈克尔,一个叫马修。我和儿子们曾两次到中国。我们在苏州住了17天,我也去过桂林。2001年夏天,我接待了两个来自苏州的14岁男孩。起初我们都觉得有点陌生,但后来,当我们互相认识以后,我们之间建立了密切的关系。孩子们叫我妈妈,叫我丈夫爸爸,把迈克尔     

Acculturation and teacher ratings of hispanic and Anglo‐American students∗

Robert Albert examined key conceptual shifts in the pertinent professional literature language over the first part of the 20th century in his 1969 American Psychologist article, “Genius: Present‐Day Status of the Concept and Its Implications for the Study of Creativity and Giftedness. “ His findings indicated profound changes in pertinent terminology in the professional knowledge base after 1945 from an emphasis on concepts such as genius, eminence, fame, and distinction to giftedness, talent, and creativity.

The goal of the current project was to investigate empirically changes in conceptions of exceptional ability and performance, as reflected in the professional literature published since 1969. Over 28,000 articles were culled from three data bases: Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC), PsycINFO and Exceptional Children Educational Resources (ECER). Conceptual themes and types of research were analyzed for a sample of the articles, drawn from the midpoint year of each decade.

Significant results include: an increase in the number of articles relating to creativity; a rise in the number of practice‐oriented articles; and a small but steady increase in the number of articles employing qualitative research methods. Articles were also analyzed for evidence of a “paradigm shift” also discussed in the literature; however, the paradigm shift was not significantly reflected in practice. Implications are addressed relative to the conceptual trends in the literature and qualities of the knowledge base.     

Youth Volunteers

YouthvolunteersfromBeijingUniversityvisitedSongtangHospital,acareclinicfortheagedanddyingpatients,duringthesecondGlobalYouthServiceDayonApril21.Thirtystudentvolunteersfromtheuni鄄versity蒺sSchoolofInternationalStudiessatatthebedsofthepatientsintheirspecially鄄decorated“carefulhuts”.Theytalkedwiththemandgavemassages(按摩)topatientskeptintheirbeds.“IfeltsorrythatIcouldnotoffermoretothesepeoplethantalkingwiththemandtryingtocheerthemup,”saidDengYetao,20,athird鄄yearstudent.“Butitoccurre…