治世之音安以乐——论孟浩然诗中的盛唐气象

盛唐气象在孟浩然诗中的表现,既有时代主流之属———开阔壮大、蓬勃向上,也有个性之音———恬静安乐。但是,作为一个独特的诗人,在其作品中表现“安以乐”的太平气象,始终是孟浩然自己的“主旋律”。     

论韩愈散文的审美倾向

韩愈的散创作表现出独特的艺术风格和审美趣味。具体表现有四：一是崇道,要求以传道,弘扬儒家思想;二是抒愤,主张“不平则鸣”,因而他的章富有批判精神;三是尚气,追求气盛言宜,因而他的章富有气势,有一种阳刚之美;四是求奇,标举创新开拓,所以他的章的体裁、形式、语言等各方面都别具一格。     

Emergence of the Cultural Dimension: The Roles and Impact of Culture on Counseling Supervision

No man ever looks at the world with pristine eyes. He sees it edited by a definite set of customs and institutions and ways of thinking. Even in his philosophical probings he cannot go behind these stereotypes; his very concepts of the true and the false will still have reference to his particular traditional customs. … From the moment of his birth the customs into which he is born shape his experience and behaviour. By the time he can talk, he is the little creature of his culture, and by the time he is grown and able to take part in its activities, its habits are his habits, its beliefs his beliefs, its impossibilities his impossibilities. Every child that is born into his group will share them with him, and no child born into one on the opposite side of the globe can ever achieve the thousandth part. There is no social problem it is more incumbent upon us to understand than this of the role of custom. Until we are intelligent as to its laws and varieties, the main complicating facts of human life must remain unintelligible. (pp. 2–3)     

庾信自卑心态探源

作为集六朝之大成的文人庾信，他的很多作品流露出浓厚的自卑心态。究其原因，主要是侯景之乱、“望敌先奔”，入仕北朝、忠孝难全，壮志未酬、其心老矣，知己难觅、无以为报，悲剧性格等等。     

柳永为何被排斥在主流社会之外

柳永仕途坎坷曲折。他与当时士大夫文人交游甚少，甚至被当时的士大夫文人联手摈斥。究其原因主要有：柳永狂傲的性格不见容于社会；他的价值观、审美观与社会主流的对立。     

从李承乾的悲剧看唐太宗教育上的失误

唐太宗长子李承乾在被立为太子17年后,最终因谋反而被废,教育不当是其中一个重要原因。唐太宗在教育上存在四点失误:(一)没有抓住李承乾思想变化的症结,有的放矢地进行教育;(二)所选东宫辅臣只知犯颜直谏,多不称教化育人之职;(三)不懂得批评艺术,教育方式简单粗暴;(四)表达爱的方式不当,使承乾自暴自弃。     

简论晓雪诗歌创作中的乡恋书写

出生于云南苍洱之间的晓雪是一位优秀的白族诗人,他以诗评崭露头角,又以诗歌创作驰骋文坛。在他几十年的创作历程中,自己生于斯长于斯的故土--苍山洱海始终是他笔下的着力点,浓郁的乡恋贯穿于其诗歌之中。他一方面尽情书写富有边地风情的白乡故土,捕捉着奇异的民族风,另一方面,他也在努力关注、思考民族和故乡的历史命运,并以神话叙事诗的形式来展开书写。     

略论刘文典的学术思想

分析了刘文典整体学术思想与学术贡献,将其学术思想的主要观点概括为4个方面：①重视实证,“一字之微,徵及万卷”;②主张学术救国,研究应该经世致用;③主张中西学术互相沟通;④在学术发展上刘文典坚决支持“百家争鸣”.认为他的学术理念和学术实践是中国学术史上的一笔宝贵财富.     

裘梦痕的音乐教育思想及其对后世的影响

裘梦痕的音乐贡献表现在三个方面：编写初级音乐教材,重视音乐的普及教育;积极宣传音乐艺术,重视音乐教育的社会性;积极创建学校,开展音乐教育。裘梦痕的音乐教育思想体现在音乐教育的社会价值观,教材的选择观,教学方法观等方面。裘梦痕的教育思想,对现代音乐教育具有极大的启发意义。     

闻一多艺术风格与其人格、政治取向的内在关系

闻一多对民族深厚的爱造就了他的宽容,不以苛刻的眼光去要求国人,而以宽大的胸怀去容纳。以此为基础,他把宽容博大的爱融入诗歌、杂文等,为现代文学筑起了一道瑰丽的风景,更用自己的生命为民族之爱做出了最伟大的诠释。     

Lederberg and the ‘Cellularity’ of bacteria

Joshua Lederberg will surely be remembered for his stellar contributions to microbial genetics and his sage intervention in public affairs concerning exobiology, infectious diseases, epidemiology, and bioterrorism. Not so well know is his emphatic mission to spell out that bacteria are cells and not something else. This brief sketch examines some of his contributions to bacterial cytology. Moselio Schaechter (Elio to friends) spent his career studying growth physiology and cell structure of enteric bacteria. Born in Italy, he spent his youth in Ecuador before going to the United States where he chaired the Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology at Tufts University in Boston for twenty three years. After retirement he is at San Diego, where he has devoted himself to sharing the excitement of the microbial world, mainly via a blog called “Small Things Considered”. He has authored several influential textbooks and reference works. He succeeded Joshua Lederberg as Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of Microbiology. He also authored a book, In the Company of Mushrooms, which deals with his avocation, wild mushrooms.     

《追风筝的人》哈桑悲剧命运分析

《追风筝的人》中的哈桑善良、忠诚,但他的命运却以悲剧收场。导致其悲剧的因素是多方面的:种族歧视和身份低贱让哈桑深感自卑,从而看轻自己的生命;阿米尔父亲的人格面具使他与哈桑不敢相认;阿米尔的人格面具欺骗了哈桑,使他甘愿牺牲。     

The voice of 'the Practical': Schwab as correspondent

In spite of his prominence in the literature of curriculum, Joseph Schwab's ideas are hard to categorize and can, therefore, be hard to understand. In this paper I attempt to illuminate some aspects of his thinking by considering an exchange of letters I had with him over the period 1979-1982. Study of this correspondence is revealing both for what he has to say and for the way he says it. Away from the temptation to write 'scholarly' prose he deploys an 'oral' style which has amuch more natural affinity with his style of thinking. I suggest that the idea of 'orality' provides an important key to his philosophy of action, and that its manifestation in his writings has to be understood against a background of his close connection with European thought on the one hand and his inherent skills as a teacher on the other.     

浅析章学诚的科举观

清代著名学者章学诚的科举观是矛盾的,他一生都在调和这一矛盾。文章对他的学术论著及教育思想剖析后认为,其矛盾科举观产生的原因是:因科举制度的弊端和考场的舞弊而反对;因儒学的影响和科举为选拔人才、培养人才的目的而支持。     

《铸剑》中"剑"意象与成长主题论析

鲁迅的小说《铸剑》的意义表达是审美意象暗示象征式的,"剑"意象是其主题意象。在设置方式方面,鲁迅采用在标题中安设和反复强调的方式。"剑"意象中蕴含的意蕴之一是关注少年的心理成长。眉间尺的性格成长可分两步考量:一是作者以眉间尺戏鼠的情节喻示的是其心理和行为上的未成年特征。二是作者以眉宴合一暗示眉间尺为报父仇而被迫改变了原有的优柔性情,变成了穿戴着中国古代衣冠的复仇天使———宴之敖者。鲁迅表达成长意蕴的理由有三:一是受进化论思想影响,关注青少年的成长;二是探索"立人"途径,关注国民性改造;三是传达作家对自我成长中的生命体验以及感悟思考,释放童年情结。     

厉鹗山水诗探究

清代浙派领袖厉鹗一生创作以描写江南山水为主要题材,堪称山水诗人。厉鹗的诗歌中,描写山水的诗作占大部分,包括与友朋同游、自己孤游和重游;游山玩水,杭州西湖的各大美景在诗中展现,而且各个季节、时间都有涉及,纷繁复杂。诗人沉浸于山水之中,与其人格及当时社会背景息息相关。从《文选》中的山水诗萌芽到厉鹗笔下的山水诗,有了很大的发展。     

飞往心路的精灵——从陶诗“鸟”意象看诗人的生命价值取向

在陶诗“鸟”意象中,高鸟、羁鸟、归鸟最能反映出陶渊明人生历程的三个阶段。“高鸟”象征他追求与进取的少年时代,“羁鸟”象征他形迹拘役的13年出仕生活,“归鸟”则代表他淡泊闲选的田园生活。这三类“鸟”意象体现出了诗人不同时期所特有的生命价值取向：少年时期的他充满理想与抱负,立志要大展宏图;步入仕途的他看到官场的黑暗,在期待与彷徨中追寻退隐的自由;晚年的他追求真朴,崇尚自然,终于找到自己灵魂的终极归宿。     

陈邦彦散文思想论

陈邦彦是明末清初岭南著名的诗人、散文家、民族英雄,“岭南三忠”之首,与黎遂球、邝露并称为“岭南前三家”,有“粤中杜甫”之称。他用散文展示中兴国家的愿望和对朝廷的耿耿忠心,表达出强烈的忠君思想;他用散文分析当时的形势、提出对策,表现出非凡的治国思想;他主张文章应该具有实用性,而且用散文来解决自己的实际问题,表现出典型的实用思想。     

浅论晚年孙犁的童心情结

饱经风霜的孙犁晚年形成很重的童心情结。现实生活中甘于寂寞,淡泊名利;遵"朋友之交淡于水"的为人原则;文学追求"真"表现"真"。正是这种天然本真、虚静空明、率真表现的自然本性的童心情结,改变了晚年孙犁的创作风格,把他的文学创作推向了另一高峰,并取得了辉煌的文学成就,赢得了很高的文学评价。