浅析体育教学的后效性

从体育教学的各种理念出发,对比体育教学的后效性与体质教育论、快乐教育论、素质个性论等各种观念。强调学校体育教学应重视学生的发展性、实用性及可操作性。强调体育教学后带给学生什么样的变化,对其今后的生活能产生什么样的影响,对其自身能造成什么样的结果,从而进一步拓宽体育教学的本质及内涵。     

Curriculum dissemination and implementation in Ireland: principal and teacher insight

In an effort to understand interpretations of new and revised physical education syllabuses, and conditions that appear to strengthen or weaken the desire to introduce them, this paper draws on insights provided by principals and physical education teachers into the effective implementation of syllabuses within Irish post-primary schools. Situating the discussion within the area of managing curriculum change we examine how the various elements of the Irish education system are involved in providing support for such curriculum developments. Using principals' and teachers' perspectives on the implementation of the revised junior cycle physical education syllabus we suggest how the dynamics within the education system might change to provide effective dissemination and implementation of new and revised senior cycle physical education syllabuses. We refer to the principles underpinning community of practice, some of which are evident in the Irish education landscape. We acknowledge that they offer the potential for a changing culture and context in which principals and teacher might work.     

The Role of PETE in Developing Joy-Oriented Physical Educators

The current focus on utilitarian outcomes (e.g., fitness, health, skill development) in physical education has not been effective in producing life-long movers and makes physical activity a duty to be performed. An alternative to a utilitarian focus is to have a joy-oriented focus in which physical activity is promoted because it is joyful, pleasurable, and personally meaningful. In this paper, we present factors that inhibit a joy-oriented focus in physical education and reasons physical education teacher education (PETE) programs have thus far failed to produce joy-oriented physical education teachers. We then present a new approach to PETE—the foundational approach—in which the joy of movement forms the foundation of and is threaded throughout the program. Ten specific changes to PETE programs are proposed to produce joy-oriented physical education teachers.     

Helping Pre-Service and Beginning Teachers Examine and Reframe Assumptions About Themselves as Teachers and Change Agents: “Who is Going to Listen to You Anyway?”

The focus of this article is how to ensure (beginning) teachers’ needs as practitioners are part of the discursive dialogue in physical education teacher education programs. We consider the relationship between ‘structure’ and ‘agency,’ teachers as ‘change agents’ and refer to ‘workplace learning’ as we examine the extent to which the social structure of the school and the teaching profession, and?/?or the capacity of the individual to act independently, ultimately determines a teacher's behaviour in reaction to teaching expectations. We are interested as physical education teacher education faculty in how we (1) strive to help pre-service teachers examine and reframe assumptions about themselves as teachers and change agents, and (2) examine taken-for-granted school practices and processes. We share ways that physical education teacher education programs could encourage pre-service teachers agency and the relationship between initial teacher education and induction.     

Teacher voice and ownership of curriculum change

We comment critically on the notion that teachers can experience ownership of curriculum change. The evidence base for this commentary is our work on two curriculum development projects in health and physical education between 1993 and 1998. Applying a theoretical framework adapted from Bernstein's writing on the social construction of pedagogic discourse, we contend that the possibilities for teacher ownership of curriculum change are circumscribed by the anchoring of their authority to speak on curriculum matters in the local context of implementation. We argue that this anchoring of teacher voice provides a key to understanding the perennial problem of the transformation of innovative ideas from conception to implementation. We also provide some insights into the extent to which genuine participation by teachers in education reform might be possible, and we conclude with a discussion of the possibilities that exist for partnerships in reforming health and physical education.     

Eastern Movement Disciplines (EMDs) and Mindfulness: A New Path to Subjective Knowledge in Western Physical Education

Linda Bain (1995) argues that subjective knowledge is of central importance to her life, both personally and professionally, and that a purely objective approach to physical education should be complemented with subjective knowledge, the key to which is “mindfulness.” Following her lead, we argue that the traditional model of physical education and health, absent of mindfulness, falls into contradictions that are destructive to the person and urge instead for a holistic approach. We contend that Eastern Movement Disciplines (EMDs) are ideally suited to integrating mindfulness into Western physical education since they are, by their very nature, mindful activities, never understanding the person as “object” but always as body-mind. We discuss the historical and holistic background of mindfulness and EMDs, relate this to certain Western philosophical schools of thought, and bring out implications for physical education and health. Finally, in the spirit of holism, we touch briefly on the social significance of this East-West merger.     

励志德育创新课堂教学新模式——熔美育于德育课堂教学新模式

随着现代科技的发展,我们面对的挑战也越来越多,因而我们在现代的思想道德教育工作中,必须全面推进以德育为核心,以美育为基础的素质教育,以德育为核心,发挥美育在德育教育中的动力、导向作用,实现德、智、体、美之间的良性互动,促进学生全面发展。     

Dewey,Interest, and Well-Being: Prospects for Improving the Educational Value of Physical Education

Despite the current policy prominence of physical education, there is still unease about the subject's educational contribution. In this respect, we are surprised by how seldom John Dewey's writings inform contemporary reviews of aims and values. We outline how his writings on connecting the child and the curriculum and schools with society are relevant to deliberations on how students could derive enhanced meaning from physical education. We address criticisms by Richard Peters of Dewey and discuss related issues on: interest and engagement, problem solving and criteria for personal growth. We discuss how the thinking of Dewey and Valerie Tiberius might inform the development of physical education curricular that are more deeply connected with the lives of students and which promote well-being. In particular, we argue there is a need for future curriculum to be designed in ways that invite students to cultivate informed and stable physical activity habits and values.     

法国中学“研究性学习”的实践与启示

有指导的研究性学习在基础教育阶段的开展能够发挥学生的自主性,让学生自主选择和确立研究课题,自主策划和开展研究活动,自主评价、调控和反思研究过程,自主表达和交流研究成果。能够改变旧的学习方式和培养人才模式,从而使学生适应知识经济、信息社会的需要,并用一种开放、多元、主动的思维方式应对飞速发展的社会。法国普通高中进行的TPE学习模式为我们提供了借鉴与参考。     

普通高校体育课程结构的调整与优化

我国普通高校体育课程设计中存在着课程类型形式化,过于偏重必修课、实践课等方面问题。应树立综合价值取向的课程观,将教育的多元性和综合性融入普通高校体育课程改革之中,明确课程目标,合理地调整和优化体育课程结构,增强课程的可选择性和适应性,注重调整和丰富课程类型,力求使课程的组织形式和内容统一。     

Too much freedom and autonomy in the enactment of assessment? Assessment in physical education in Ireland

This paper sets out to outline current discussions in Ireland around teachers being responsible for assessing their own students’ work, and the subsequent impact such a perspective is having (or not) on the delivery and assessment of physical education in Ireland. Our intention is to contribute to assessment considerations, while acknowledging the nuances of the Irish education context, and the positioning of physical education within such nuances. This discussion is particularly timely given the very recent endorsement for the introduction of the new Leaving Certificate Physical Education as a full optional subject. We begin by discussing more specifically assessment in Irish primary and post-primary schools, drawing attention to the limited Irish assessment-related research being conducted in both contexts. We then explore assessment developments related to Irish primary physical education and post-primary physical education and compare the extent to which such developments are limited in comparison to international assessment interests and practices in physical education. We conclude with suggestions related to studying (pre-service) teachers’ and students’ exposure to assessment in order to understand how we could alter the balance of assessment purposes and uses in Irish schools.     

论高等职业院校体育教育中的人文精神

体育教育是科学的更是人文的,主要是为生命教育服务.但是,由于高等职业院校的体育教育倚重竞技体育,过于程式化,与学生的生活世界脱离,逐渐偏离了体育的主要育人目标.因此,应从教育观念、体育精神、评价体系的建立入手,实行高等职业院校体育教育"育体"与"育心"的统一,而强化体育教师本身的人文素质是解决问题的基础.     

河北省大学体育俱乐部制教学实施现状及特点探究

体育教学是高校中一门重要的科目,对于学生身体素质的提升和身心健康发展,都有重要的意义。随着高校体育事业的不断发展,体育俱乐部制教学模式不断得到应用。这是一种新型的体育教学模式,基于体育教学规范及教学规律,融合了国内传统体育教学、国外大学体育俱乐部活动的优势。大学体育俱乐部制教学,能够使学生自我学习和自我锻炼的机会得到增加,大学体育课程教学内容也能得到丰富。同时,通过转变学习视角,将被动学习转为主动学习,促使学生自身综合能力的提升。在河北省大学俱乐部制教学的实施过程中,分析其实施现状,发现其中存在着一些问题和不足。应积极采取针对性的措施加以解决,促使大学体育俱乐部制教学在河北省得到更好的开展。     

高校公共体育工作的多元化教学组织与实施方案

使不同体育运动背景的学生,具有其不同的运动内容与组织方式的学习要求,是体育多元化教学组织与实施研究的出发点。以文献资料法、专家访谈法、归因法对本题目进行的实践研究中。针对高校体育教育中千人一面,万人一腔的发展现状,研究并提炼出高校体育多元化教学组织的思想目标;制定出体育多元化教学组织与实施方略;实践中总结出公共体育多元化教学组织与实施取得的成效。创建高校体育教学工作,以课堂体育教学为核心,以课外体育活动为中心的教学思想体系,形成符合大学生身心健康的体育多元化教学组织实施方案。体现大学生体育教育综合培养的工作要求,并为其发展“终身体育活动能力”打下基础。     

The Decline and Elimination of PETE: Implications for Doctoral Education

ABSTRACT

In this article, we will explore the current landscape of teacher education programs in general, and specifically, physical education teacher education (PETE) from the national level down to the local level. Furthermore, we will explore the impact that the elimination of undergraduate PETE programs can have on PETE doctoral programs, including the teaching, research, and engagement of their faculty. We present ideas for preparing doctoral students for their future higher education roles that may or may not include the preparation of future physical educators.     

我国特殊教育学校体育现状与发展对策研究

通过对国家12省市特殊教育学校体育现状调查发现,我国特殊教育学校体育现状发展不容乐观,同普通中小学校体育和特殊学校教育自身比较有相对滞后现象,影响着我国特殊教育学校整体的发展。提出了对我国特殊教育学校体育课程建设、体育师资队伍建设、体育设施条件和特殊体育教育科学研究等问题的发展对策。     

高校体育教学中心理健康教育的渗透

在全面实施素质教育,树立"健康第一"的指导思想的过程中,健康体魄是青少年为祖国和人民服务的基本前提,是中华民族旺盛生命力的体现。因此,在高校体育教学中,应该将体育教育和健康教育紧密结合起来,形成以身体锻炼和心理健康有机结合的学校体育教育,提高学校体育活动水平,改善心理状态,克服心理障碍,体会活动的乐趣和成功的感觉,使学生身心得到全面健康发展。     

The Body and the Place of Physical Activity in Education: Some classical perspectives

Abstract

The place of physical education has been contested in recent times and it has been argued that its justification as part of school curricula seems to be marginal at best. Such justifications as have been offered, propose that physical education is justified because of its contribution to moral development or because it is capable of being studied as a theoretical subject. Other justifications have centred on the embodied nature of the human being. In this article we draw on some classical thinkers, Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas, Augustine and Benedict, to argue for a strong, integrated view of the human person. From this it is concluded that physical education is a necessary component of education and that a complete education therefore involves physical education. Physical education is understood in a broad sense as a family resemblance concept which incorporates a wide variety of physical activities. Disciplined physical activity which enables individuals to gain those physical skills required for learning, it is proposed, is essential for intellectual development. Benedictine education, which involves hard physical work, reading, prayer and reflection, illustrates how the physical and mental aspects of a person are to be integrated in order to attain the ends of the committed Benedictine monk.     

A Pedagogical Understanding of the Self-Determination Theory in Physical Education

Learner motivation is considered an important premise for learning achievement. One of the theories used to explain learner motivation in physical education is the Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Different from others, SDT acknowledges the controlling nature of institutionalized education and builds its application around externally imposed regulatory mechanisms to enhance learner motivation. In this article, we review research findings on SDT in physical education and reason for the use of externally regulated motivation approaches as a primary strategy in physical education. We frame our arguments in the constructivist learning theories and argue that using external regulation mechanisms to maximize learner motivation is not inconsistent with the constructivist learning theories. Our pedagogical understanding about satisfying the basic human needs for competence, relatedness, and autonomy leads us to believe that the priority should be placed on competence development with relatedness as a pedagogical platform for competence development in physical education.     

从学生视角谈我国高校体育教育专业改革与发展

我国体育教育专业的改革与发展要与时俱进,使人全面发展,提高人自身的生存、适应能力,才能实现可持续发展。纵观现有关学生素质研究文献资料,其研究结果表明：学生的整体素质在下降。这与我国高校体育教育专业改革的初衷背道而驰。运用综合研究方法对我国高校体育教育专业改革与发展进行梳理,从学生发展视角提出：加大学生入学教育、专业教育;统一教师对培养目标的认识,提高学生＂教学＂能力;改善教学场馆设施;拓宽学生知识面,增设民族传统体育项目。