CURRICULUM AND IDEOLOGY: INDOCTRINATION AS AN INAPPROPRIATE APPROACH TO CONSERVATIVE JEWISH EDUCATION

Education is a dynamic discipline. Dynamic because an educational system does not stand on its own, apart from the social structure of which it is an extension. It must be steeped with its culture's moral and sociological beliefs in order to ensure the survival and growth of that particular culture through each new generation.     

ROUSSEAU,HAPPINESS, AND THE ECONOMIC APPROACH TO EDUCATION

Since the 1960s, the influence of economic thought on education has been steadily increasing. Taking Jean‐Jacques Rousseau's educational thought as a point of departure, Tal Gilead critically inquires into the philosophical foundations of what can be termed the economic approach to education. Gilead's focus in this essay is on happiness and the role that education should play in promoting it. The first two parts of the essay provide an introduction to Rousseau's conception of happiness, followed by an examination of the economic approach to education and the notion of human capital. In the course of this discussion, Gilead shows that increasing happiness is one of the economic approach's major aims. In the third part of the essay, he uses Rousseau's views to interrogate significant aspects of the economic approach to education. He then continues by highlighting some of the educational implications that stem from Rousseau's critique. Gilead maintains that Rousseau's ideas can provide valuable suggestions regarding how education might contribute to the promotion of happiness. The article concludes by proposing that while Rousseau's ideas on the matter should not necessarily be embraced, contemporary policymakers can learn some important lessons from them.     

DETERMINING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE IDEAL PROFESSOR: AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH

In a recently conducted study it was found that an effective college teacher could be characterized chiefly in terms of "research,""teaching," and "service to the university." The present experiment corroborated these findings using a relatively unknown approach to data collection, analysis, and interpretation. A free-response method of data collection, in conjunction with nonmetric multidimensional scaling, produced results highly similar to those of the previous study. In addition, the solution permitted a straight-forward means of assessing the performance of individual faculty members.     

浅谈体育意识的形成与培养

培养学生建立和形成体育意识是体育教育成果的重要标准志。本文从体育意识的涵义、特征以及形成过程，分析我国当前学校体育工作所存在的问题和原因。提出要从为社会主义培养人材的高度出发，多层次，多用度地提高学生对体育的认识，以形成体育意识，这样才能全面实现和完成学校体育的目的任务     

THE UNITED KINGDOM: A STAFF COLLEGE APPROACH TO THE MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION OF FURTHER AND HIGHER EDUCATION

Training and further education for ‐professionals involved in the. administration and management of higher education institutions can be considered as essential elements in the introduction of the concept of lifelong education, as well as important factors for promoting efficiency in higher education institutions.

We give below information on the Further Education Staff College Coombe’ Lodge, an institution providing this type of training for professional staff of higher education institutions in the United Kingdom.     

REASSEMBLING CURRICULAR CONCEPTS: A MULTIMODAL APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION

Based on the multidisciplinary field of multimodality, this paper offers a theoretical perspective on the construct of a curricular concept which is commonly used in a school curriculum and applies it to an analysis of a typical curricular text and classroom instruction that exposit the physics concept of work–energy. Theorizing a concept as a network of meaning relationships across multiple modes of representation situated in human activity, this approach examines how we can recognize the meaning constructed through the semantic relationships of language and its contextualization with pictorial, graphical, and numerical resources. The value of this approach to curriculum and instruction in formal educational settings is also presented.     

基于篇章的衔接与连贯研究

从篇章的视角来研究衔接和连贯的关系,在篇章而不是话语的框架下先就各自的概念意义等进行分别论述,然后再进行对比分析并得出两者关系的相应结论。篇章是指一段传达完整信息、前后连接、意义一致的自然书面语篇。衔接和连贯是篇章中固有的两种语义关系,都有各自的实现手段,分别在篇章的微观和宏观层次上起着连接篇章成分的作用,相互影响作用,共同赋予篇章以篇章性。     

A MULTIPLE MODERATOR APPROACH TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF OVER- AND UNDERACHIEVERS1

Reported is a study of over- and underachievement of college students, utilizing an iterative multiple moderator technique. The subjects were students at a large southwestern university, the predictors were high school rank and short forms of the Scholastic Aptitude Test, and the criterion was first year grade average. Selected background variables were the potential moderators. The overachievers were characterized as having average aptitude, yet coming from backgrounds where the father was highly educated; the underachievers were observed as having small town origins and high interest in extracurricular activities.     

试比较政党意识形态与国家意识形态

政党意识形态和国家意识形态的内涵、本质属性、形成条件、功能和作用范围均不同，因此，两者相互区别。但是两者都属于上层建筑，都具有群体性和系统性的特征，都通过心理或精神发挥作用，同时执政党意识形态的调整又以国家意识形态为依据。因此，两者相互联系，尤其是在中国共产党执政活动中这种联系体现得淋漓尽致。     

ISSUES IN ASSESSING AND EVALUATING THE HIGHER EDUCATION OF INDIVIDUALS: A RESPONSE TO WHITEHEAD

The paper is a response to Whitehead, who has questioned prevailing views of knowledge and values in Higher Education, specifically the quality of human relationships in education. It examines from an orthodox point of view questions of dialectical logic; knowledge acquisition and knowledge structures; the differentiation of knowledge structures; facts and values; and theory and practice. The main concern is to show that there is no essential conflict between the pursuit of objective knowledge and human Values. There is, on the contrary, the highest educational virtue in achieving impersonal, objective knowledge.     

LEISURE AND THE RETIRED PROFESSOR: OCCUPATION MATTERS

ABSTRACT

Little attention has been given to the leisure activities of retired professors, whose activity patterns in retirement may be different from those of other occupational groups because of their lifetime commitment to work. This interview study uses both quantitative and qualitative data to investigate: (a) the leisure and professional activities of retired professors; (b) the anticipated leisure activities of older employed professors; and (c) the relationship between sociodemographic factors and leisure activities of professors in retirement. Respondents were 54 retired (response rate 83%) and 17 employed (response rate 94%) professors aged 70–74 from a major research university. Content analysis of the tape-recorded open-ended questions indicated that volunteer activity, travel, exercise or sports, and work around the house or garden were the most commonly described leisure activities of retirees. A large majority of retirees (70%) also continued professional activities. Travel and exercise or sports were the most frequently planned activity for employed respondents. Correlational analysis revealed little relationship between sociodemographic factors and leisure activities in retirement. Implications for retirement education and leisure programming are discussed.     

A TECHNICAL COLLEGE'S RESPONSE TO THE NEED FOR INTERNATIONALIZING EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS AND SERVICES

Part of the mission of the American Association of Community Colleges addresses the need for a curriculum emphasis on international and intercultural education (Wismer, 1994, p. 77). Considering that (a) 2‐year colleges exist primarily to prepare students for jobs, (b) many American businesses operate in an international environment, and (c) a growing proportion of companies in the United States are foreign affiliated, the internationalization of our curriculums is necessaryforthe fulfillment of institutional missions of preparing the workforce for businesses. However, to fully internationalize college programs and services, the focus must be on more than courses and curriculums. The everyday life of college students, faculty, and staff must present evidence of cultural diversity. Internationalization, therefore, must be infused at every level of college activity. Such an infusion is occurring at Florence‐Darlington Technical College in Florence, South Carolina. There are four broad categories within which activities are planned or are underway: (a) resource development, (b) awareness development and information dissemination, (c) faculty and staff development, and (d) curriculum development. The importance of the need for this South Carolina college to undertake internationalizing initiatives is underscored by the multicultural business environment that exists in the state. For many years, international investment has created record levels of new employment opportunities for South Carolinians and has contributed significantly to statewide economic and industrial growth. The economic impact of international business in the state is apparent. However, there is also a cultural impact that is less obvious, yet profound. These factors present some definite implications for the need to internationalize technical college programs and services.