The Seduction of the Market: Whitehead, Hutchins, and the Harvard Business School

The paper analyses a debate from 1936 between Alfred North Whitehead and Robert M. Hutchins over the role of the business universities today. Their contrasting views on vocational training in the modern university underlines the ways in which the logics of education and the market differ. I argue that Whitehead's support for the business school stemmed from a belief in private corporations fulfilling the same role as the Catholic Church in defending the "great liberty" of mediaeval universities. This belief is contradicted by other statements of his that business corporations destroy the very craft required for academic work. Finally, I suggest ways in which both authors might respond to a current situation at my own university where applied research for business is subsidized with millions of dollars from the base budget. While both would have been opposed to the threat this poses to university autonomy, Hutchins' critique of the logic of the market makes his the strongest position.     

Whitehead and Business Education: A Second Look

Alfred North Whitehead was a philosopher with an abiding interest in education. He took on an extraordinary number of educational and administrative duties while at the University of London, including membership on a National Committee on the position of the classics in the educational system of the United Kingdom. It comes as no surprise to learn that when he decided to joint the Philosophy Department at Harvard in 1924, he wrote that this would enable him to further deal with some general questions, "half philosophical and half practical."What is more surprising is the fact that his views on American university education are most clearly expounded in his personal interactions and writings dealing with the Harvard School of Business. By examining several of his essays on business education, as well as his correspondence with Dean Donham of the Harvard Business School, I argue that Whitehead's strong support of business education can seen to be all of a piece with his overall process philosophy of education and that his emphasis on the need to study what he calls the sociological dimension of business is a timely one in these days of proliferating business programs.     

The Essence of Education: Whitehead and the Spiritual Dimension

Whitehead's contention that the essence of education is that it be religious has been widely overlooked by many of his adherents who have found it a difficult, or even embarrassing, concept with which to deal. But what did Whitehead mean by religious? In Britain there is currently a deep interest in what is being termed the, "spiritual dimension of education" which is itself to be seen in the context of the postmodern rejection of positivistic modes of thought which have dominated educational discourse in recent decades. This article examines Whitehead's own concept of religion both in his explicit academic work and in his assessment of what we might term, indirect education. It goes on to suggest links with other key thinkers, in particular William James, Soren Kierkegaard, and Ludwig Wittgenstein.     

将市场的观念引入高校办学机制

21世纪的高等教育面临着很多的机遇和挑战，新的人才市场形势给高校提出了更高的要求，要想使培养出来的毕业生真正满足社会的需要，必须首先了解社会，以市场为导向，树立新的办学理念，将“市场的观念”引入高校办学机制。     

促进端砚市场发展的几点建议

端砚是我国四大名砚之首,历来深受人们的喜爱,但是,目前由于端砚市场厂商众多、市场竞争无序、从业人员素质不高等导致端砚价格偏低,市场不温不火。建议：在政府支持下,提高端砚的行业集中度,培育几家大型端砚企业,并通过培训、在职学习（如读电大、自考）等方式提升从业人员的综合素质;另外,以中华传统文化作为端砚文化的立足点,丰富端砚的文化内涵,提高端砚在全国的知名度。     

Whitehead and the Implications of the Process Metaphor for Mathematics

In Principia Mathematica Whitehead and Russell erected one of the cornerstones of modernist philosophy of mathematics. However, as an epistemological project seeking to secure the foundations of mathematics, this attempt failed, as Whitehead acknowledged. His later work in process philosophy represented a new direction. Although not explicitly a philosophy of mathematics, it provides a suggested metaphor for philosophy of mathematics. This paper explores the possible implications of organismic and process philosophy, both for the philosophy of mathematics, and for mathematics education and teaching.     

高师院校应届毕业生环境素养现状调查与对策

以环境认识、环境技能、环境情感、环境行为和环境伦理观五方面为基础，建立环境素养水平评价体系，编制问卷，以山东省三所师范院校不同专业的应届毕业生为调查对象，采用分层次随机抽样的方法进行问卷调查。用SPSS13．0统计软件进行数据统计分析，在此基础上提出高师院校环境教育的对策与建议；     

市场经济与学报论文的学术品位

在市场经济条件下，学报作为高层次的精神文化产品，具有特殊的价值构成特点。学报要发展，必须背市场“短视”而动，摒弃种种简单与市场经济接轨的做法，义无反顾地将提高学报论文的学术品位放在学报工作的首位。     

美国高校学业考试制度的概况及其特点

学业考试作为高校教学与管理的重要一环,不仅起到以考促学的作用,同时对高校教学任务的完成起到必要的监督,对高等教育质量的提高起到不可忽视的作用。从世界范围看,学业考试仍然是检查高校学生学业最主要的手段。作为高等教育强国,美国高校的学业考试制度也走在世界前列。通过对已有文献分析,美国高校学业考试独具特色,在保障本科生培养质量上发挥了重要的作用。     

紧贴市场深化改革建设有鲜明特色的旅游管理专业

高职旅游专业的发展,必须按照旅游行业的需要,遵循高职教育规律,不断深化改革。本文从人才培养模式、专业设置、教学体系设计、师资队伍建设等方面探讨了南通职业大学旅游管理专业的改革实践。     

高等学校毕业生就业市场建设初探

毕业生就业市场的建立,是市场经济发展的必然要求,是就业制度改革的目标和任务。就业市场建设质量与学校就业工作状况有着直接的联系。学校应加强毕业生就业市场建设,促进毕业生高质量充分就业。     

美国现代大学的兴起、内涵建构及启示——基于《美国现代大学的崛起》的考察

19世纪中期到20世纪初美国现代大学的形成和发展历程中充满了激烈的观念竞争。关于大学基本问题的观念竞争就是美国人寻找其现代大学逻辑、界定其现代大学概念,并最终形成独特的大学组织目标、内涵和行为方式的过程。深入探究这一过程发现,现代大学的发展建设需要立足本土,优先澄清有关大学的基本问题,并以此为依据建设制度,而非简单模仿别国经验或进行技术性改造。     

The imagined and the real: identifying the tensions for academic identity

Changes within the higher education sector have had significant effects on the identity of the individual academic. As institutions transform in response to government‐driven policy and funding directives, there is a subsequent impact upon the roles and responsibilities of those employed as educational professionals. Academic practices are changing as multiple roles emerge from the reshaping of academic work. Institutional pressures to produce specific research outputs at the same time as teaching and undertaking managerial/administrative responsibilities are creating tension between what academics perceive as their professional identity and that prescribed by their employing organisation. Reconciling this disconnect is part of the challenge for academics, who are now seeking to understand and manage their changing identity. Narratives obtained from research in a university with a polytechnic background and an institute of technology (aspiring to be a university), provide some subjective reflections for examining this issue.     

Transnational academic capitalism in the Arab Gulf: balancing global and local,and public and private,capitals

This article contributes to the emerging theoretical construct of what has been called ‘transnational academic capitalism’, characterised by the blurring of traditional boundaries between public, private, local, regional and international, and between market-driven and critically transformative higher education visions. Here we examine how these issues are reflected in higher education policy in the Arab Gulf, asking: what kinds of capital are being constructed and traded? By and for whom? What is the relationship between higher education competition, governance and the public good? We find contradictory trends, which we see as strategic ambivalence pointing to country-specific readings of similar regional markets and attempts to hedge bets between rival forms of apparent capital. The exploration offers a counterpoint to more widely cited examples, hereby helping to shape new paradigmatic ‘glocalised’ understandings of this field.     

Education as action/the adventure of education: thinking with Arendt and Whitehead

ABSTRACT

Understanding and action are central themes in Hannah Arendt's thought and an idea that runs throughout her work is that whenever human beings act, they start processes. It is in this light that she saw education as a process whose aim is to make human beings feel at home in the world. Given the centrality of process in understanding action, early on in her work, Arendt reflected and drew upon the ideas of Alfred Whitehead, the philosopher of process. Education in his thought is an art and an adventure whose object should be to enable students to grasp the process of life itself and imagine different worlds. In this light, universities are crucial in creating conditions of possibility for imaginative learning and intellectual adventures. Taking action, process, imagination and adventure as my central ideas, in this paper, I make connections between Arendt and Whitehead in an attempt to think about education within and beyond ‘dark times’.     

关于高等职业教育发展中应解决的几个问题

注重动手能力，创新意识的培养，走理论与实践相结合的路，是高等职业教育发展的需要，前景广阔，方兴未艾。     

“规训”到“赋能”： 美国中部高校的学力建设及启示

高校学风建设的目的是让学生进行自主、有效的学习，而在校学生的学力是营造高校优良学风的 关键元素。学力的培育可经由规训式教育和赋能式教育两种方式实现：前者借助于时空分割，硬性约束受 教育者身体，迫使其掌握相应的知识与技能；后者则是通过技术和能力的赋权，将决策权与行动权赋予教育 对象，促进其逐渐具备社会生存能力。比较而言，后者更符合现代社会对高校在校生学力建设的要求。美 国中部高校实践经验启示我们，提升地方高校在校生学力水平，创建优良学风，需要构建以赋能为主规训为 辅的动态演化机制，探索以项目为载体的分类赋能路径，开发以赋能为核心的课程教学体系。     

当前高校专业设置的问题审视——基于学术资本主义的视角

学术资本主义背景下的大学市场化行为能够有效推动大学发展,然而,大学作为一种知识型社会组织其发展具有内在逻辑,大学的学术市场化也会带来消极影响。学术资本的分化和高校专业设置模式的转变为学术资本主义影响高校的专业设置提供了现实的可能。通过对近五年以来我国部(委)属高校专业设置情况的统计分析,把握当前我国高校专业设置的现状,审视高校专业设置在学术资本主义影响下存在的问题,并提出相应的风险化解措施,以促进我国高校专业设置的科学化、合理化。     

政府还是市场：国外高校多样化策略的争论与启示

伴随系统规模的扩张,如何驱动高校迈向预定和有利的多样化成为各国面临的普遍议题。国外一般从高等教育系统或院校外部层面理解高校多样化,并从政府与市场两个维度解析其驱动因素。从院校分化的观念、分化进程中院校假设和环境因素的作用范畴等层面来看,两种观点存在一定共性和冲突,这反映出相关研究的片面和院校分化现象的动态化、持续性和多维性。借鉴国外研究经验,当前高等教育普及化进程要求高等教育部门尽早启动院校结构布局规划,应树立正确的分类发展观,平衡院校分化中政府与市场的作用力,处理好系统分化与规模扩张的关系,增进高校外部环境和内部办学要素的多样性。