Neoliberalism, globalization, and creative educational destruction in Taiwan

In this article, the authors argue that educational technology is chiefly and increasingly being used as a tool for the privatization of education and the commodification of people by way of top down evaluative structures put in place by governments in collusion with neoliberal interests. This analysis began as a study that sought to illuminate the reasons why teachers in Taiwanese technical colleges have been reluctant to integrate educational technologies for actual instruction. However, what the authors actually found was that teachers in Taiwan are experiencing a forced obsession with top down evaluations and these evaluations are locking teachers in what may be called an amplifying causal loop. By looking up the proverbial food chain of the top–down evaluations, the authors found socio-political and economic forces at work that were less Taiwanese and more global in scope and character and less about teachers and classrooms and more about the rise of educational administration for neoliberal advancement. This article argues that a collusion between neoliberal interests, an obsession with evaluation, and the uninterrogated implementation of educational technologies are giving rise to processes that are wreaking havoc on the Taiwanese education system and similar processes are at work throughout the world.     

Understanding the use of online role-play for collaborative argument through teacher experiencing: a case study

As computers and the Internet are increasingly employed in language teaching and learning, preparing teachers for the impending reality of online teaching is of paramount importance. This study investigated 10 in-service teachers participating in an online role-play as part of a digital education methods course to acquire an understanding of the use of online role-play for collaborative argument. The role-play lasted for 3 weeks and underwent three stages: preparation, implementation and reflection. Analyses of data gathered from the questionnaire survey, the class website for role-play, the blogs and the interviews indicate that online role-play was an appropriate way for teaching collaborative argument given that the topics were well-chosen and well-prepared, and that asynchronous role-play was more helpful than the synchronous role-play given the challenge of tracking the development of ideas. Benefits and problems of online role-play through synchronous chat were analysed and solutions were discussed. The research provides a new perspective on how teachers can be educated to integrate technology into their language instruction through their own experience of learning.     

Reinterpreting and reconstructing science: Teachers’ view changes toward the nature of science by courses of science education

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of science education courses on a group of Taiwanese inservice and preservice teachers’ views toward the nature of science. There were two science education courses in the study; one was for 36 inservice teachers, while the other one was for 32 preservice teachers. Both of the courses included the philosophy of science, the instruction about student alternative conceptions and theories of conceptual change, and some classroom activities for science education. The data sources were based upon these teachers’ questionnaires, written responses to open-ended questions and interviews. The findings derived from this study revealed that both inservice and preservice teachers, to a certain extent, changed their views toward the nature of science when completing the courses. Many of them might reinterpret and reconstruct their views about science during the courses, and their views had progressed toward more constructivist-oriented. This study also suggested that the instruction about student alternative conceptions and conceptual change theories was more helpful than direct instruction about the philosophy of science in changing teachers’ views about science.     

网络在授课教学中的良好运用

目前,随着网络的普及应用,网络技术也被引入教育领域。一个开放式网络环境的建立,不仅为广大师生提供了大量信息,更为学生根据兴趣爱好选择学习内容提供了平台。这势必对授课教学造成不小的冲击与挑战。面对诸多关于网络和授课教学之间关系的问题。利用好网络的一系列的优势,使授课教学取得更好的教学效果。     

Supporting English-medium pedagogy through an online corpus of science and engineering lectures

As English-medium instruction (EMI) spreads around the world, university teachers and students who are non-native speakers of English (NNS) need to put much effort into the delivery or reception of content. Construction of scientific meaning in the process of learning is already complex when instruction is delivered in the first language of the teachers and students, and may become even more challenging in a second language, because science education depends greatly on language. In order to identify important pedagogical functions that teachers use to deliver content and to present different ways to realise each function, a corpus of lectures related to science and engineering courses was created and analysed. NNS teachers and students in science and engineering involved in EMI higher education can obtain insights for delivering and listening to lectures from the Online Corpus of Academic Lectures (OnCAL).     

Content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge in Taiwanese and German mathematics teachers

In comparing content knowledge (CK) and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of Taiwanese and German inservice mathematics teachers, the present study examines whether the two-dimensional structure of teachers' subject matter knowledge is cross-culturally invariant and whether differences in teacher education and in teacher selection are reflected in teachers' subject matter knowledge. The results confirm that CK and PCK represent two distinct, but correlated dimensions, even in teachers from completely different backgrounds. Taiwanese inservice teachers showed considerably higher CK and also higher PCK scores than German teachers. Teacher education and teacher selection should be considered important levers for reform in mathematics education.     

Teaching English language learner students in US mainstream schools: intersections of language,pedagogy, and power

This study explored to what extent two groups of mainstream teachers in the Midwestern region of the USA with differing degrees of English language learner‐specific university preparation reportedly engaged in practices that incorporated the native languages of English language learner students in instruction. The study further examined specific strategies reported by mainstream teachers in promoting native language use in instruction as well as challenges identified in implementing this practice. The study used a mixed‐method design that included analyses of survey data from a quantitative study (n = 227) and qualitative analyses of teacher discourse from course documents and open‐ended survey questions. Findings indicated that while both groups of teachers reportedly engaged in practices that promoted native language use in instruction to some extent, teachers with at least three courses of English language learner‐specific university preparation appeared to engage in these practices to a much greater extent than those without such preparation. This paper explores the implications of results from this study for teacher education programmes in the USA with the responsibility of preparing teachers effectively to serve growing numbers of culturally and linguistically diverse student populations.     

National identity and its relationship with teachers' historical knowledge and pedagogy: the case of Taiwan

National identity is one of the most important forms of ideology that affects human behaviours. Yet, the issue of whether it influences history teachers' subject matter knowledge or teaching practice is overlooked most of the time. With regime change in Taiwan, history curriculum and textbooks are no longer dominated by a China-centred narrative; more Taiwanese history is included in the curriculum. Given the fact that the Taiwanese are split on the issue of national identity, it is important to understand if and how teachers vary in their historical knowledge and instruction. This study examines the issue by investigating the relationships between Taiwanese junior high school history teachers' national identities, their subject matter knowledge and teaching practices. The result indicates that teachers' national identities significantly relate to their historical knowledge and conceptions about history, but bear no relationship to their teaching approaches. Pro-independence teachers have significantly more knowledge in both Taiwanese and Chinese histories and have better conceptions about the nature of history, but they do not necessarily choose to provide students multiple perspectives and interpretations. The implications for democratic citizenship education and teacher education are discussed.     

我国师范大学教育学院本科专业调整的反思

我国师范大学教育学院现有的本科专业基本上是在传统的“混合式”教师培养模式下以培养大中专院校教育学科师资为目标而设置的,主要包括教育学、公共事业（教育）管理、心理学、学前教育等专业。这种专业设置存在与基础教育阶段各级学校层次不相吻合、教学科目不相匹配的弊病,难以适应新时期基础教育发展的需要,最终会导致教育学院所培养的本科生与基础教育阶段学校所需的人才相脱节问题。在强化专业化教师的“分离式”教师培养模式下,师范大学教育学院本科专业的设置应逐步进行调整,主要转向以培养基础教育阶段各学科师资为目标,根据不同的教育层次和中小学教学科目设置学前（幼儿）教育、小学教育、中学教育、教育技术、心理学等不同专业。     

流媒体技术在远程教育中的应用

在远程教学过程中,最基本的要求是将信息从教师端传递到远程的学生端,需要传送的信息可能是多元化的,如视频、文本、图片等。就目前来讲,能够在互联网上进行多媒体交互教学的技术多为流媒体,除去实时教学以外,使用流媒体中的VOD(视频点播)技术,更可以达到因材施教、交互式学习的目的     

开放教育模式下成人外语学习者的自主学习策略研究

开放教育模式下的成人外语学习是基于自主学习为主、多种媒体辅助、面授教师点拨的一种全新的学习模式。因此文章指出,成人学习者的外语自主学习策略的形成必须从增强学生的自主学习意识出发,逐步养成学习者的自主学习习惯,利用教师的面授、合作学习小组和多种媒体资源,创设宽松、民主、平等、和谐的学习环境,激励、启发、引导学生内在的教育需求,使学习者充分发挥自我教育潜能,成为成功的外语学习者。     

The Sources of Science Teaching Self-efficacy among Elementary School Teachers: A mediational model approach

This study aimed to investigate the factors accounting for science teaching self-efficacy and to examine the relationships among Taiwanese teachers’ science teaching self-efficacy, teaching and learning conceptions, technological–pedagogical content knowledge for the Internet (TPACK-I), and attitudes toward Internet-based instruction (Attitudes) using a mediational model approach. A total of 233 science teachers from 41 elementary schools in Taiwan were invited to take part in the study. After ensuring the validity and reliability of each questionnaire, the results indicated that each measure had satisfactory validity and reliability. Furthermore, through mediational models, the results revealed that TPACK-I and Attitudes mediated the relationship between teaching and learning conceptions and science teaching self-efficacy, suggesting that (1) knowledge of and attitudes toward Internet-based instruction (KATII) mediated the positive relationship between constructivist conceptions of teaching and learning and outcome expectancy, and that (2) KATII mediated the negative correlations between traditional conceptions of teaching and learning and teaching efficacy.     

Tracking the Rise of Web Information Needs for Mobile Education and an Emerging Trend of Digital Divide

In recent years, smartphones and tablets have been rapidly adopted by consumers worldwide. Within the United States, a growing number of school districts have incorporated tablets into classroom instruction. As mobile technology becomes further integrated into households and classrooms, parents, teachers, and students might need information for using the mobile devices for education. Yet little research exists to show the need. Using search query data from Google Trends, it was found that Internet users' information needs for mobile education have significantly increased since 2008. Moreover, Internet users in the United States, where fourth- and eighth-grade students were high performing in reading and mathematics in national assessments, demonstrated stronger information needs for mobile education. We also found a positive correlation between the Web information needs for mobile education and the achievement gap, suggesting an emerging trend of digital divide in mobile technology.     

Classroom language use in multilingual settings: Mathematics lessons from Quebec and Zimbabwe

This article is concerned with language use in mathematics lessons in settings where the language of instruction is a second language for all or most of the learners. Four lessons taken from primary schools in Montreal and in Zimbabwe are compared, illustrating ways in which teachers in each setting couple development of the target second language with teaching of subject content. By doing so, we believe that instruction is effective in helping children to make the shift from the primary school emphasis on computing numbers to the secondary level emphasis on solving problems; in the long term children are also better prepared for the language-related demands of higher education.     

基于网络信息技术环境的高职英语教学的误区与对策

基于网络信息技术环境的高职英语教学中存在四个方面的误区,即：过度关注网络信息技术和多媒体应用的程度,忽视对教学的整体设计;过度依赖多媒体课件的使用,忽视语言教学自身的特点;缺乏对现代学习理论的充分了解和实践经验,片面理解建构主义学习环境的含义;盲目迷信现代教育技术应用于高职英语教学的作用,存在错误的教育媒体观。针对以上误区,从教师教育观念的更新、探索创建创新型教学模式和信息技术环境下教学设计方法及加强对网络信息技术环境下教与学的研究和应用等方面探寻相应的对策和建议。     

浅析课堂教学中的无声语言艺术

课堂教学中无声语言的艺术性运用,既令人倍感兴趣而又颇具魅力。教师要不断提高无声语言修养,摒弃教育教学中的不良行为习惯,运用规范、艺术化的表情语、体态语和类语言,充分展示自我的精神力量和独特魅力,为学生创造和谐的、富有美感的学习氛围,达到师生思想意识、知识构建和审美情趣共鸣的境界。     

Exploring affecting factors of and developing a framework for teachers’ online instruction

Online teaching has been capitalized to maintain normal educational activities since the outset of the pandemic. However, the wide adoption of emergency remote teaching may present challenges to teachers in terms of performing their instructional work. Hence, this study aimed to deeply explore the affecting factors of teachers' adoption of online instruction during emergencies through a qualitative research design. Semi-structured interviews and document analysis were utilized to collect data with nine higher education teachers at nine Chinese universities. Eight categories of factors emerged from this study that influenced the participants' adoption of online instruction, namely, facilitating conditions, technology self-efficacy, characteristics of learners, teaching administration, pedagogical factors, resistance to change, time issues, and security issues. A framework for developing teachers’ competencies for online instruction is proposed based on the results.     

网络时代教学模式的探讨

随着教育技术的不断进步，网络教学也开始逐渐进入我们的学习领域。本文主要介绍了几种常见的网络教学模式。并概括了这些教学模式的特点。同时针对网络时代的教学特点。提出了学生如何利用好网络进行学习，面对网络教学，教师应该具有什么样的素质。     

Loosening chronology’s collar: reframing teacher career narratives as stories of life and work without end

This research paper examines the narrative accounts of the academic Spanish‐language development of four preservice bilingual education teachers of different backgrounds, including Mexican‐American, white (non‐Hispanic), Mexican immigrant, and the U.S.–Mexico border Hispanic. The purpose of the study is to discover the kinds of educational forces which may impede bilingual education teachers' development of academic Spanish, look at their own perceptions of their Spanish‐language proficiency, and consider how student learning might be influenced. The stories illustrate how few meaningful educational opportunities prospective teachers have to develop academic Spanish‐language proficiency. They also demonstrate how sociocultural context may impede Spanish‐language development. In short, the paper addresses the need for dramatic social and educational changes if bilingual education teachers in the U.S. are to fulfill one of the basic tenets of bilingual education: the provision of native‐language instruction.     

现代教育技术与高师音乐教育改革

信息技术的高速发展 ,为教育现代化提供了物质基础。在高师音乐教学中运用计算机多媒体技术是高师音乐教学改革的一个重要课题。本文论述了计算机多媒体技术运用于高师音乐教学的重要性及其优点 ,提出了计算机音乐教学的硬件和软件建设的可行性建议 ,以及做好音乐专业教师计算机培训工作所应注意的几个问题。