一种新视角:从意志的角度审视多媒体学习

对多媒体学习的已有研究重视认知变量,而几乎没有考虑意志因素。该文从意志角度审视多媒体学习的普遍性障碍,这些障碍包括意外发现效应或离题问题、导航模式、在超空间中迷失、诱惑的细节和认知超载,同时根据行为控制理论提出了克服这些障碍的可行性策略。最后指出了该领域的未来研究方向和几个实用的意志策略。     

体验式红色教育中大学生学习投入与学习收获研究

以参加体验式红色教育的373名大学生为样本,采用问卷调查、文本分析的方法,调查体验式红色教育中大学生学习投入与学习收获现状及其影响因素。研究发现,大学生的个体学习、团队学习、师生互动、学习体验等方面的投入水平较高,且部分受学生背景特征影响,大学生对红色文化的理解认知、情感态度与精神信仰、意志行为与实践能力等方面获得了积极变化,学习投入各变量对学习收获有显著正向效应。建议加强红色文化资源的开发利用,完善高校体验式红色教育体系;把握体验式红色教育的基本原则,促进大学生的学习投入;升华学生的学习收获,促进大学生思想政治素质的发展。     

The role of test hope and hopelessness in self-regulated learning: Relations between volitional strategies,cognitive appraisals and academic achievement

The aim of this study was to examine the relationships amongst students' test emotions of hope and hopelessness, their antecedents of cognitive control and value appraisals and volitional strategies during learning, as well as their effects on academic achievement in the domain of mathematics, using the control–value theoretical framework. Sample consisted of 365 Croatian high school students. Correlational and structural equation analysis substantiated the assumptions concerning the relationships between test emotions, cognitive appraisals, volitional strategies and academic achievement. The results showed that cognitive appraisals partially mediate the relationship between volitional strategies and test emotions, and, further, that hopelessness play a partially mediating role in the relationship between volitional strategies and academic achievement. These findings once again emphasise the complex dynamics of cognitive, emotional and behavioural components of a self-regulated learning process.     

Taking Up Opportunities to Learn: Constructing Dispositions in Mathematics Classrooms

This article presents an analysis of how students' dispositions toward learning shift and change over time through their engagement with particular classroom practices and identifies classroom practices that support the development of more productive dispositions. An analysis of 4 purposefully selected students from 2 different classrooms reveals that membership in a classroom activity system does not determine one's emergent disposition toward learning. However, it is likely that similar types of dispositions might emerge within a single classroom activity system. The analysis further seeks to understand the mechanisms that underlie the ways in which dispositions are enacted in moments of interaction, and how aspects of classroom practice impact this enactment. The findings support the argument that social, affective, and motivational factors are not simply influences on learning but are, instead, central to and inseparable from the learning process.     

Communicative-based curriculum innovations between theory and practice: implications for EFL curriculum development and student cognitive and affective change

This qualitative study examines the influence of teacher conceptualisations of communicative language teaching on their actual classroom practice and student cognitive and affective change. The qualitative paradigm underpinned this research at the levels of ontology (multiple teacher realities), epistemology (interaction with, rather than detachment from, the respondents), and methodology through using an idiographic strategy (qualitative case study), instruments (qualitative interviews, participant observation and questionnaires), and data analysis technique (explanation-building). The results indicated that teachers who understood CLT and managed to materialise its principles into action significantly improved student language learning (cognitive change) and motivation (affective change). Moreover, traditional, structural and didactic teaching as well as communicative knowledge that was not translated into practice had almost a typical negative impact on student learning and motivation. Recommendations for curriculum development, teacher development, teacher training and future research are made.     

Expansive learning on the move: insights from ongoing research / El aprendizaje expansivo en movimiento: aportaciones de la investigación en curso

The article argues that the crucial task of expansive learning is to generate alternatives to capitalism in human activities, organizations and communities. To meet this challenge, the article discusses two areas of current development in the theory of expansive learning. The first area is transformative agency and double stimulation; the second area is concept formation in the wild, germ cells and ascending from the abstract to the concrete. These two areas are complementary. Expansive learning is both formation of transformative agency and formation of new theoretical concepts. Transformative agency is a central quality and outcome of expansive learning. Theoretical concepts are perspectival and future-oriented; they become concrete when learners take volitional actions to change their circumstances. To have societal impact, efforts at implementing expansive learning in education should be expanded in space and time. This means getting schools involved in struggles of communities and social movements.     

Understanding Reading Anxiety: New Insights from Neuroscience

Recent advances in research have furthered understanding of the many roles that emotions play in fostering effective learning. This editorial argues, against fashion, that the affective domain is neither separate from nor less significant in the learning process than the cognitive domain. It begins with a vignette of a struggling reader. It then defines emotions and explains their role in learning, using cognitive psychology and neuroscience as the research base. Next, it examines the influence of the affective domain on learning to interpret symbols. The editorial concludes with an analysis of reading anxiety and recommendations for practice.     

Psychosocial Aspects of the Development of Gifted Underachievers: Review and Implications

Gifted underachievers are children who display a discrepancy between expected high achievement and actual performance. Focussing on gifted children with a long‐standing pattern of underachievement not explicable in terms of learning disability, this paper adopts a developmental perspective to the problem of gifted underachievement. Literature is reviewed on the affective development of gifted underachievers and the environmental factors which may foster or diminish success in school. It is argued that cognitive and affective variables do not operate independently and should not be considered in isolation from the environmental context of development. Further, gifted underachievers are not a homogeneous group, and some influences on achievement are situation‐specific and highly variable. Finally, implications for intervention are discussed in light of the need to view children's development not as a dichotomy of cognitive and affective change but holistically, as a complex interaction of child and environment.     

Modeling the Mediating Role of Volition in the Learning Process

According to action-control theory, volition plays a mediating role between the intention to learn (motivation) and goal-directed behavior (the use of learning strategies). Although extensive theoretical work has been done to document this flow of events, more empirical studies have been needed to identify the specific means by which volitional control protects the intention to learn and maintains the attempts to learn; our intention here was to address this gap in the literature. Using data from a sample of 487 college students in two different domains, we found that the positive effects of intrinsic goal orientation and self-efficacy on cognitive engagement were augmented by volitional control. We also found that the effects of volition differed by domain as well as by the type of learning strategy being considered. These results suggest that volitional control merits greater attention from those doing research in self-regulated learning.     

影响英语学习的主要情感因素

Krashen“情感过滤假说”中提到的“情感因素”包括学习动机、学习态度、自信心,焦虑等。这些因素对外语学习的效率起到相当大的作用。本文选取了影响学生英语学习的四种主要的情感因素加以阐述,并在此基础上探讨了教师在调动学生积极的情感因素方面的一些做法,旨在发挥学生心理优势,克服心理障碍,从而提高英语学习的效率。     

Bearing worlds: learning to live-with climate change

Abstract

This paper explores the emotional experiences of some undergraduate sustainability students in a semester long course on climate change. Specifically, it attends to experiences of anxiety, frustration, overwhelm, guilt, grief and hope. I suggest these experiences are characteristic of a process I term learning to live-with climate change. Learning to live-with climate change involves attuning to the relational composition of the world and thus the self; mourning desirable relationships that are lost as the planet warms; and responding to these conditions in ways that may foster more liveable worlds. Collectively, these processes enrol people in practices of bearing worlds: enduring the pain of the end of the world they have known, and labouring to generate promising alternatives. As such, these processes reconfigure the self and its relations, and attunement to how climate change composes, recomposes and decomposes particular subjectivities is important. The paper argues that affective adaptation is therefore a crucial element of climate change education.     

Translating theory into practice: integrating the affective and cognitive learning dimensions for effective instruction in engineering education

Learning in the cognitive domain is highly emphasised and has been widely investigated in engineering education. Lesser emphasis is placed on the affective dimension although the role of affects has been supported by research. The lack of understanding on learning theories and how they may be translated into classroom application of teaching and learning is one factor that contributes to this situation. This paper proposes a working framework for integrating the affective dimension of learning into engineering education that is expected to promote better learning within the cognitive domain. Four major learning theories namely behaviourism, cognitivism, socio-culturalism, and constructivism were analysed and how affects are postulated to influence cognition are identified. The affective domain constructs identified to be important are self-efficacy, attitude and locus of control. Based on the results of the analysis, a framework that integrates methodologies for achieving learning in the cognitive domain with the support of the affective dimension of learning is proposed. It is expected that integrated approach can be used as a guideline to engineering educators in designing effective and sustainable instructional material that would result in the effective engineers for future development.     

The Meaningful Learning Theory and English Class Teaching

Based on the theory of meaningful learning set up by David.P.Ausubel,this paper discusses how to change current learning situation of students by creating affective circumstance for meaningful learning in order to increase students’ enthusiasm in English study.     

Anxiety and Second Language Learning

Anxiety is one of the affective factors which are connected with second language learning.It has negative affects in learning language.It is necessary to know why it happens and how to solve it.     

论外语学习中的情感因素——语言焦虑

在外语学习过程中,除了学习策略、环境等外部因素之外,学习者自身的情感因素对外语学习也有着不可忽视的影响,而其中的语言焦虑是影响外语学习诸多因素中的主要因素,解决情感问题有助于提高语言学习效果.     

情感过滤假说理论在大学英语听说课堂教学中的运用研究

依据Krashen情感过滤假说理论,在外语学习过程中动机、态度、自信心及学习外语语言的焦虑情绪等情感因素,是影响学生认知获得差异的主要原因。针对学生在大学英语听说课堂上存在的这些情感问题,可通过增加学生可理解性语言信息的输入,变换教学方式增强学生学习的动机和信心以缓解学生的焦虑情绪等方式,充分改善大学英语听说课的认知获得水平。     

Model of affective learning for nonformal science education facilities

Objective setting and evaluation for learning in the affective domain are often neglected in educational programs, largely because affective learning is a poorly understood phenomenon. This is particularly problematic in nonformal science education facilities, which are uniquely suited to facilitate affective learning. To address this problem, a heuristic model of affective learning in nonformal educational facilities was developed. The model, referred to as the Meredith Model, displays a sequence of events occurring in the affective responses of learners in nonformal educational experiences and identifies factors which may influence individual events within this sequence. The model is proposed as a conceptual framework for gaining an increased understanding of affective learning and for making recommendations for practice of nonformal science education and for further research. J Res Sci Teach 34: 805–818, 1997.     

Student affective reactions and the teaching and learning of foreign languages

This chapter argues for the recognition of the importance of student affective reactions in discussions of second language learning and teaching. It is argued that language learning is a particularly intense and ego-involving undertaking which requires a positive emotional stance on the part of the learner. The chapter reviews literature on how affective reactions — particularly motivation for language learning, foreign language anxiety, and student beliefs about language learning — impact on the language learning process and makes suggestions as to how teachers can promote positive affective characteristics. As affective variables represent the learner's willingness to engage in the activities necessary to develop second language proficiency, it is essential that teachers make the emotional needs of their students an instructional priority.     

Pre‐service teachers’ intention to adopt mobile learning: A motivational model

This study proposes a model for determining preservice teachers’ intentions to adopt mobile learning from a motivational perspective. Data were collected from 276 preservice teachers and analyzed by structural equation modeling. A model capable of explaining 87% of the variance in preservice teachers’ intention to adopt mobile learning was developed. According to this model, preservice teachers’ attitudes and cognitive needs have an influence on their behavioral intention while their affective and social needs do not. 1 1 The fourth sentence of the Abstract has been edited to align it to the Discussion section following the re‐analysis.
Their social needs are influenced by their affective and cognitive needs. In addition, affective needs have an influence on their cognitive needs. Therefore, focusing on mobile learning's practices and their roles in preservice teacher training are important to develop effective ICT course contents.