中学物理探究课的建构性设计

本文论述了探究的特征、思路和活动,及中学物理课的建构性设计原则,在此基础上例举中学物理探究课的建构性设计.     

Does secondary school size make a difference?: A systematic review

There is a vast body of literature on school size but comparatively few high quality empirical studies comparing outcomes in schools of different sizes. This systematic review synthesizes the results of the published research from 31 studies on the effects of secondary school size from OECD countries since 1990. Overall the directions and patterns of effect vary for different outcomes. For pupil attainment measured by exam results, and for attendance, larger schools appear to do better up to some optimal school size but estimates of this point or range are insufficiently precise to be useful. The implications of different school sizes on student behaviours are equivocal, but teachers and pupils at smaller schools are more likely to have a positive perception of their ‘school environment’. Costs per pupil appear to decrease as school size increases. The results of the review suggest that there is little empirical evidence to justify policies that aim to ‘change’ or mandate particular school sizes. However, given the evidence that there do appear to be optimal sizes for some outcomes, stakeholders should be made aware that dramatic changes in a school's size may change the characteristics of a school's learning environment.     

中学教师教育方式倾向性的研究

采用问卷法对 216名中学教师的教育方式进行考察。结果表明,中学教师的教育方式可以归为四个维度：民主性、专制性、放任性和溺爱性。不同教龄教师在教育方式各维度上存在显著差异。     

Cross-cultural counseling: A systematic approach to understanding the issues

Counseling theory and practice tend to be dominated by a European-American orientation. Cross-cultural counseling is advanced as an approach that transcends European dominance while focusing on the specific needs of African American, Asian and Pacific Islander, Hispanic/Latino, and Native American cultures. This paper reviews the major conceptual models, described by social scientists, and advances a more culturally sensitive, cross-cultural approach to conceptualizing counseling theory and practice when counseling members of large minority groups living in the United States.     

中职心理健康课堂教学中活动课的设计浅谈

中职心理健康课堂教学中活动课的设计基本程序明确,包括了暖身阶段,导入阶段和实施阶段,在这三个阶段的实施过程中,要保证面向全体同学,并让学生能够积极参与,深刻体悟,最终内化于心,并借助有效的评价语言来提升心理健康的教育效果。本文分析了中职心理健康课堂教学中活动课的设计程序,在分析案例的基础上进行了具体的原则分析和效果分析。     

与专业结合的中职数学课程设计

中等职业学校的学生大多数学基础较差,程度差异大.普遍对公修课尤其是数学课感到厌倦.把教学课授课内容与其专业相结合不仅能增加学生学习数学的兴趣,更能促进其专业素质的整体提高.     

An integrated cognitive computing approach for systematic conceptual design

Conceptual design plays an important role in product life cycle, which requires engineers to use sound design theory, cross-disciplinary knowledge, and complex technical support to acquire design concepts. However, the lack of sufficient computational tools makes it difficult for designers to fully explore in the wide design solution spaces. Therefore, this paper proposes an integrated cognitive computing approach to formalize the cognitive activities of conceptual design. A cognitive computing model composed of concept associative memory, concept generation, and decision-making process is established based on the integration of cognitive psychology and engineering design. First of all, the Hopfield neural network is used to acquire similar concept solutions for specific subfunctions from a knowledge base. Then, morphological matrix and genetic algorithm are introduced to produce a set of feasible candidate solutions in the concept generation process. Furthermore, a technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution is applied to evaluate the generated concept solutions and obtain the optimal solution automatically. Finally, a case study is given to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach.     

Effects of intensive use of computers in secondary school on gender differences in attitudes towards ICT: A systematic review

There is a wealth of interventions focusing on the intensive use of computers in secondary schools, largely aiming at improving students’ performance. However, global evidence on the effects of the use of computers on attitudinal outcomes has not been synthesised so far. Taking into account that the differences in the attitudes of boys and girls regarding the use of computers are one of the factors described as causes of the low number of girls following ICT studies, the aim of this article is to review the evidence on the effects of intensive use of computers in schools on gender differences in attitudes outcomes: anxiety, enjoyment, self-confidence and self-efficacy. Searches generated a total of 740 citations of which 59 were identified as relevant and nine were finally included. The methodological quality of included studies was poor to moderate. The results suggest that despite the intensive use of computers, boys are favoured in computer anxiety, self-confidence and self-efficacy; and suggest no differences in computer enjoyment. There is no evidence that intensive use of computers reduce gender differences in these outcomes. Further policy recommendations should be rooted on robust evaluations, which take into account implementations parameters, as well.     

怎样提高中专生英语口语表达能力

中专生英语口语表达能力是中专英语教学的重点,也是难点,为了解决这个问题,本文提出了朗读、背诵、复述、表演、利用有利条件进行练习等方法以提高学生的英语口语表达能力,并提出了几个解决怕说错而不敢说英语心理障碍的方法。