Unprompted vigorous physical activity is associated with higher levels of subsequent sedentary behaviour in participants with low cardiorespiratory fitness: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Performing physical activity is considered health promoting but may induce a need for subsequent rest periods. This study aimed to determine the within-day interactions between vigorous physical activity (VPA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in participants with low cardiorespiratory fitness. We tested the hypothesis that VPA is associated with a temporary subsequent increase in SB. One week of accelerometer data containing a minimum of one 10-min bout of VPA from 62 participants with low cardiorespiratory fitness (31–50 years old) were obtained from the MILE study. A comparison of SB was made between days with a bout of VPA and days without (control). Due to a positive association between VPA and number and duration of sedentary bouts, the time accumulated in both uninterrupted and total sedentary bouts were 27 (95% CI, 10–45)?min and 29 (95% CI, 9–50)?min higher on VPA days compared to control days (P?<?0.05). Our results indicate that in participants with low cardiovascular fitness, unprompted VPA is positively associated with an increase in subsequent sedentary time. We propose that such VPA-associated sedentary time may be viewed as part of a healthy activity pattern.     

开发学龄前儿童精细动作和心智潜能的实验研究

着重研究在幼儿园大班的学龄前幼儿中进行双侧肢体 (尤其是左侧肢体 )精细动作的训练 ,对开发儿童运动和智力潜能的积极促进作用。并根据大脑控制人体两侧肢体活动的生理机制 ,身体两侧肢体活动与脑神经系统发育的对应联系 ,尤其是大脑皮层复杂功能的发育所产生的交互作用 ,克服“偏侧”状况 ,并通过用“剪刀”、“绳子”、“玩具”、“鼠标”、“筷子”等主要器械和工具特殊设计和研制出一套科学、有效的精细动作运动处方和训练的基本原则、内容、方法、手段 ,从而达到全面开发幼儿运动和智力的潜能 ,为培养“全脑型人”和全面贯彻素质教育打下良好的基础     

Technical variability of the Vivago® wrist-worn accelerometer

Abstract

The aim was to assess the technical variability of a new wrist-worn accelerometer under controlled conditions with a shaker device and during normal daily physical activities (PAs). In the first experiment, 10 wrist-worn accelerometers (Vivago^® Wellness, Paris, France) were attached to the shaker device. Variability was tested at five shaking frequencies (1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, and 10 Hz) for 10 min at each frequency. In the second experiment, 21 participants wore wrist-worn accelerometers and performed six consecutive 10-min periods of activity at increasing levels of intensity from sedentary to vigorous. Results from the first experiment show a modest inter- and intra-instrument reliability at low frequencies and that reliability improved as frequency increased. The inter-instrument coefficient of variation (CV) was 2.6–18.3%. The intra-instrument CV was 4.1–23.2%. Variability was similar in the second experiment with a CV inversely related to PA intensity. The inter- and intra-instrument CV varied from 24.2% and 19.9% for sedentary activities to 3.7% and 4.3% for vigorous PA, respectively. Results suggest that reliability was higher at high intensities, corresponding to moderate and vigorous PA, intensities generally recommended for public health purposes.     

体力活动与心理健康

《2008美国体力活动指南》对体力活动与心理健康间的关系进行了综述。该综述指出．体力活动对某些心理疾痛具有防治作用。定期进行中等到大强度的体力活动可以有效地预防抑郁症和老年痴呆症的发生,及因老龄化引起的认知功能的下降;另外,还可以减轻焦虑症状、改善睡眠质量、降低疲劳感、减少痛苦感和提升幸福感。并且,该综述对体力活动影响心理健康的机制进行了论述,指出了目前的研究中存在的不足,并预测了未来的研究方向。     

身体活动与心理健康

身体活动与心理健康目前是运动心理学研究领域中的一个新课题．本文回顾了有关身体活动心理治疗效应的一些重要研究成果;阐述了快乐对于坚持身体活动的重要性;讨论了有利于心理健康的身体活动方法;并对上述内容进行小结和评述。     

The direct and indirect effects of motor competence on adolescents’ mental health through health-related physical fitness

ABSTRACT

Mental health is an important public health issue and up to one in five youth experience mental health problems. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among motor competence, health-related physical fitness and mental health outcomes in adolescents. A secondary goal was to test the direct and indirect effects of motor competence on adolescents’ mental health through health-related physical fitness. Participants were 279 adolescents (M_age = 12.49, SD = 0.89) recruited in the south-west region of the US Motor competence including volleyball, soccer, and ultimate Frisbee, were assessed using PE Metrics?. FITNESSGRAM® test battery was used to assess health-related physical fitness components. Students completed a survey measuring their depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life. Motor competence was significantly associated with components of health-related physical fitness (r ranged from ?0.15 to 0.38). The robust fit of the model supports the significant indirect effect of motor competence on mental health outcomes through health-related physical fitness (χ²/df = 39.92/25; CFI = 0.97; RMSEA = 0.046; 90% CI [0.02, 0.07]). The hypothesized conceptual model tested in this study provides insights into the potential interaction of motor competence and health-related physical fitness with adolescents’ mental health.     

论独生子女大学生身心健康的影响因素

运用问卷调查和测量统计法，对238名独生子女大学生的身心健康影响因素进行分析，结果表明：独生子女大学生的体质健康状况喜忧参半，其中形态、机能情况良好，但体能欠缺；心理健康状况与全国同年龄科教人员无显著性差异；社会健康状况高年级学生优秀于低年级学生，特别在耐挫折力方面，呈非常显著性差异。建议：突出体育与健康课中的健康教育成分，丰富校园文化内容，夯实健康观念。     

浙江省青少年不同体育活动状况对心理健康因子影响的调查研究

应用《身心症状自评量表(SCL-90)》及自编《参与体育活动状况调查表》,在浙江省10个地区随机抽取2 000名青少年进行问卷调查,并对他们参与体育活动状况与心理健康10因子的情况加以分析,结果表明:浙江省青少年SCL-90因子分均略高于国内常模;青少年参加体育活动的意愿、参与次数、参加活动项目及形式对SCL-90量表中的因子有不同程度影响。     

基本运动能力训练对弱智儿童心理健康影响的研究

本文旨在应用国际采用“心理健康诊断测验（MHTCR）”,评价基本运动能力训练对心理健康的影响。由44名弱智儿童测试结果显示：参加基本运动能力训练16周的实验组弱智儿童,在心理健康得分均高于对照组,差异具有高度显著性。由此,结果说明：基本运动能力训练对弱智儿童的心理适应性和意志品质有促进作用,可辅助弱智儿童身心健康发展。     

学龄前儿童不同簇集特征体力活动与体质健康的剂量-效应关系研究

目的:检验学龄前儿童不同簇集特征体力活动与体质健康是否存在剂量-效应关系。方法:不同簇集特征体力活动通过连续7天佩戴加速度传感器进行测量。根据持续时间不同,分为零星中高强度体力活动(MVPA)(2～4 s)、短时持续MVPA(5～9 s)和长时持续MVPA(≥10 s)3类。体质测试包括心肺耐力、肌肉力量和速度灵敏素质。将男、女童不同簇集特征体力活动和体质健康综合得分分别按四分位数进行分类(Q1～Q4组),并定义体质健康得分最高的Q4组为高体质健康水平(HPH)。采用逻辑回归和线性回归探讨不同簇集特征MVPA与HPH间的关系。结果:共265名受试者纳入最后统计分析(男童149名,女童116名;月龄,57.19±5.33月)。男童中,校正混杂因素后,以活动量最少的Q1组为参照,活动量最多的Q4组中零星、短时持续和长时持续MVPA达到HPH的比值比(OR)分别为:11.72(95%CI:2.27,60.53)、7.53(95%CI:1.83,30.90)和8.98(95%CI:1.78,45.39);女童中也得到类似结果,分别为11.85(95%CI:2.33,60.19)、12.34(9...     

论体育活动对大学生心理健康的影响

体育活动与心理健康之间关系的研究是当代国际运动与锻炼心理学研究的热点问题之一。通过对体育活动对大学生的心理健康的积极效应、目前较为有影响的体育活动有助于大学生心理健康的理论,以及与体育活动有关的一些心理问题进行论述,并对当前高校体育教学中,如何有效提高大学生心理健康水平提出建议。     

中学生体育活动与心理健康水平的调查分析

本文通过调查,发现中学生随着参加体育活动时间的增加,心理健康水平却呈下降趋势,表现出越来越明显的躯体化、强迫症状、焦虑、敌对性和偏执。通过分析提出了一些对策性建议。     

陕西省中学生体育课放松活动现状调查研究——以西安市高新一中为例

调查西安市高新一中的高一学生在上完体育课课后放松活动的态度,咨询部分体育老师对放松活动的在整个课堂中的重要性,结果表明:训练和放松在增加体能、增长成绩中同等重要,还有助于身心健康。运动训练后放松使全身肌肉的疲劳得到缓解,而很多学校课堂难以做到,对此现象提出可行性建议。     

Validity of proximity sensor-based wear-time detection using the ActiGraph GT9X

Our study investigated the performance of proximity sensor-based wear-time detection using the GT9X under laboratory and free-living settings. Fifty-two volunteers (23.2 ± 3.8 y; 23.2 ± 3.7 kg/m²) participated in either a laboratory or free-living protocol. Lab participants wore and removed a wrist-worn GT9X on 3–5 occasions during a 3-hour directly observed activity protocol. The 2-day free-living protocol used an independent temperature sensor and self-report as the reference to determine if wrist and hip-worn GT9X accurately determined wear (i.e., sensitivity) and non-wear (i.e., specificity). Free-living estimates of wear/non-wear were also compared to Troiano 2007 and Choi 2012 wear/non-wear algorithms. In lab, sensitivity and specificity of the wrist-worn GT9X in detecting total minutes of wear-on and off was 93% and 49%, respectively. The GT9X detected wear-off more often than wear-on, but with a greater margin of error (4.8 ± 11.6 vs. 1.4 ± 1.4 min). In the free-living protocol, wrist and hip-worn GT9X’s yielded sensitivity and specificity of 72 and 90% and 84 and 92%, respectively. GT9X estimations had inferior sensitivity but superior specificity to Troiano 2007 and Choi 2012 algorithms. Due to inaccuracies, it may not be advisable to singularly use the proximity-sensor-based wear-time detection method to detect wear-time.     

Does school physical education really contribute to accelerometer-measured daily physical activity and non sedentary behaviour in high school students?

Physical education has been highlighted as an important environment for physical activity promotion, however, to our knowledge there are no previous studies examining the contribution of physical education to daily accelerometer-measured physical activity and non sedentary behaviour. The purpose was to compare the accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour between physical education, non-physical education and weekend days in adolescents. Of the 394 students from a Spanish high school that were invited to participate, 158 students (83 boys and 75 girls) aged 13–16 years were analyzed (wear time ≥ 600 min). Participants’ physical activity and sedentary behaviour were objectively-measured by GT3X+ accelerometers during physical education (one session), non-physical education and weekend days. Results indicated that overall adolescents had statistically significant greater physical activity levels and lower values of sedentary behaviour on physical education days than on non-physical education and weekend days (e.g., moderate-to-vigorous physical activity = 71, 54 and 57 min; sedentary = 710, 740 and 723 min) (p < 0.05). Physical education contributes significantly to reducing students’ daily physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour. Increasing the number of physical education classes seems to be an effective strategy to reduce the high current prevalence of physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour in adolescence.