共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Stephen H. Boutcher Young Park Sarah Louise Dunn Yati N. Boutcher 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(9):1024-1029
Abstract Major individual differences in the maximal oxygen uptake response to aerobic training have been documented. Vagal influence on the heart has been shown to contribute to changes in aerobic fitness. Whether vagal influence on the heart also predicts maximal oxygen uptake response to interval-sprinting training, however, is undetermined. Thus, the relationship between baseline vagal activity and the maximal oxygen uptake response to interval-sprinting training was examined. Exercisers (n?=?16) exercised three times a week for 12 weeks, whereas controls did no exercise (n?=?16). Interval-sprinting consisted of 20 min of intermittent sprinting on a cycle ergometer (8 s sprint, 12 s recovery). Maximal oxygen uptake was assessed using open-circuit spirometry. Vagal influence was assessed through frequency analysis of heart rate variability. Participants were aged 22 ± 4.5 years and had a body mass of 72.7 ± 18.9 kg, a body mass index of 26.9 ± 3.9 kg · m?2, and a maximal oxygen uptake of 28 ± 7.4 ml · kg?1 · min?1. Overall increase in maximal oxygen uptake after the training programme, despite being anaerobic in nature, was 19 ± 1.2%. Change in maximal oxygen uptake was correlated with initial baseline heart rate variability high-frequency power in normalised units (r?=?0.58; P < 0.05). Thus, cardiac vagal modulation of heart rate was associated with the aerobic training response after 12 weeks of high-intensity intermittent-exercise. The mechanisms underlying the relationship between the aerobic training response and resting heart rate variability need to be established before practical implications can be identified. 相似文献
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与最大摄氧量相关的单核苷酸多态性的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
最大摄氧量是与运动成绩及心血管疾病发生密切相关的一个生理学指标。作为第三代DNA多态性标志,单核苷酸多态性能在一定程度上反映人类个体或群体的特异性。寻找并确认影响最大摄氧量的基因位点及单核苷酸多态性对耐力项目的科学选材及心肺功能的合理训练具有重要价值,对心血管疾病运动处方的制定和评价也有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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超重和肥胖少年心肺功能下降及与身体成分的相关性 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对12~14岁正常体重少年40名(男生22人,女生18人)与超重和肥胖少年84名(男生45人,女生39人)进行了最大耗氧量(V。O2max)、最大心率、身体成分、血压、脉搏、肺活量的测试。其中,V。O2max采用改良的Bruce方案,用电阻抗法(BIA)测身体成分。结果表明:12~14岁超重和肥胖少年心肺功能明显低于同龄正常体重少年,高正常血压者和高血压者占32.92%,但血压升高与身体成分变化相关性不明显;肥胖少年肺活量/体重显著下降,男性与体脂百分比呈中度负相关;肥胖少年V。O2max/BM显著下降,V。O2max/BM与身体成分的变化有一定相关性,但不是主要影响因素;肥胖对最大心率影响不明显,此年龄段肥胖少年和正常体重少年的最大心率平均值分别为194次/min和197次/min。 相似文献
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基于运动过程中人体心、生理对运动负荷与强度的整体感知与反映,Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE)量表用以预测机体最大摄氧量的信效度已得到众多实验研究的证实.但由于RPE值本身具有主观性,易受人群特征影响,因此,其利用RPE量表对最大摄氧量的预测结果存在争议性.采用文献综述的方法,对现有研究中采用的RPE量表模式、实验对象、RPE6-20量表区段值与临界值、运动形式与负荷以及运动器材等方面予以概述和总结.建议:在扩大群体样本量的基础上,统一实验环境与实验程序,针对某一个或几个相似性因素群进行研究与验证;在实际应用过程中则应因人而异地选择和利用相应的程序、方法,建议与其它预测指标(如心率)相结合,以提高预测最大摄氧量的准确性. 相似文献
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This case study reports the results of a 12-year (2005–2016) follow-up study of two Olympic champion rowers. The rowers were prospective athletes at the junior level when the study began, and we monitored their relevant physiological and performance data annually. Our findings indicated that their V?O2max gradually increased up to about 22 years of age and leveled off at a value of approximately 7 l·min?1 with minimal fluctuations thereafter. However, the variables that directly influence the V?O2max changed. There was an age-related decline in maximal heart rate of about 0.5 beats·year?1, while oxygen pulse, which serves as an indirect measure of stroke volume, correspondingly increased by about 1 ml O2·beat?1 per year, allowing the athletes to maintain exceptional V?O2max values. Maximal minute power of the studied rowers, derived each year from their ramp-wise tests, closely resembled the mean power output sustained during the 2000-m all-out tests on a rowing ergometer. A 12-year improvement of 28% and 33% occurred for the mean power output sustained over 2000 and 6000-m on a rowing ergometer, respectively. The findings contribute to the body of knowledge on athletes representing the true elites of their respective sports. 相似文献
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Alessandro Moura Zagatto Paulo Eduardo Redkva Rodrigo Araújo Bonetti de Poli Joel Abraham Martinez González Jeniffer Zanetti Brandani Thiago Penedo 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(5):645-652
The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of a single 3-min all-out maximal effort to estimate anaerobic capacity (AC) through the lactate and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) response methods (AC[La?]+EPOCfast) on a cycle ergometer. Eleven physically active men (age?=?28.1?±?4.0?yrs, height?=?175.1?±?4.2?cm, body mass?=?74.8?±?11.9?kg and ?O2max?=?40.7?±?7.3?mL?kg?1?min?1), participated in the study and performed: i) five submaximal efforts, ii) a supramaximal effort at 115% of intensity of ?O2max, and iii) a 3-min all-out maximal effort. Anaerobic capacity was estimated using the supramaximal effort through conventional maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) and also through the sum of oxygen equivalents from the glycolytic (fast component of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption) and phosphagen pathways (blood lactate accumulation) (AC[La?]+EPOCfast), while during the 3-min all-out maximal effort the anaerobic capacity was estimated using the AC[La?]+EPOCfast procedure. There were no significant differences between the three methods (p?>?0.05). Additionally, the anaerobic capacity estimated during the 3-min all-out effort was significantly correlated with the MAOD (r?=?0.74; p?=?0.009) and AC[La?]+EPOCfast methods (r?=?0.65; p?=?0.029). Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the 3-min all-out effort is valid to estimate anaerobic capacity in physically active men during a single cycle ergometer effort. 相似文献
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Scott K. Powers Stephen Dodd Richard Deason Ronald Byrd Tipton Mcknight 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):179-182
Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess the relationships among ventilatory threshold T(vent), running economy and distance running performance in a group (N=9) of trained experienced male runners with comparable maximum oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2 max). Maximal oxygen uptake and submaximal steady state oxygen uptake were measured using open circuit spirometry during treadmill exercise. Ventilatory threshold was determined during graded treadmill exercise using non-invasive techniques, while distance running performance was assessed by the best finish time in two 10-kilometer (km) road races. The subjects averaged 33.8 minutes on the 10km runs, 68.6 ml · kg -1 · min -1 for [Vdot]O2 max, and 48.1 ml · kg -1 · min -1 for steady state [Vdot]O2 running at 243 meters · min -1. The T(vent) (first deviation from linearity of [Vdot]E, [Vdot]CO 2 ) occurred at an oxygen consumption of 41.9 ml · kg -1 · min -1. The relationship between running economy and performance was r = .51 (p>0.15) and the relationship between T(vent) and performance was r = .94 (p < 0.001). Applying stepwise multiple linear regression, the multiple R did not increase significantly with the addition of variables to the T(vent); however, the combination of [Vdot]O2 max, running economy and T(vent) was determined to account for the greatest amount of total variance (89%). These data suggest that among trained and experienced runners with similar [Vdot]O2 max, T(vent) can account for a large portion of the variance in performance during a 10km race. 相似文献
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Jiang-Hua Li Wei Chen Xiao-Juan Zhu Ya-Jun Lin Li-Qiang Qiu Can-Xin Cai 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(22):2185-2190
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为了探索跆拳道训练对人体体适能的影响,对湖南理工学院体育学院15名2010级参与跆拳道训练的学生,进行力量耐力、最大摄氧量、无氧功率和柔韧性的跟踪测试.结果表明：系统的跆拳道训练,对大学生的柔韧性、力量耐力、最大摄氧量以及无氧功率等方面具有促进作用.结论：跆拳道训练对人体体适能具有一定的促进作用. 相似文献
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Leonardo Vidal Andreato Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco João Victor Esteves 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(11):1314-1315
Recently in the Journal of Sports Sciences, Schaun et al. published a study on the comparison of energy expenditure between high-intensity interval training and moderate continuous training performed in water. With this Letter to the Editor, we would like to comment on the methodological aspects that should be considered to analyze the results presented, as well as the conclusions.
Abbreviations: CONT, moderate-intensity continuous training; EPOC, excess post-exercise oxygen consumption; HIIT, high-intensity interval training; VO2max, maximal oxygen consumption. 相似文献
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有氧能力的高低是马拉松跑者能否取得优异成绩的关键。最大摄氧量、乳酸阈和跑步经济性是衡量运动员有氧能力和耐力运动表现的关键指标,也是长跑训练效果的核心考量。由于力量和耐力训练对机体产生不同的训练刺激,教练员和运动员很少将力量训练作为提升耐力运动表现的手段,以防止有氧能力受到负面影响。通过对大量文献梳理发现,力量训练可以在不影响机体最大摄氧量和乳酸阈值的前提下,通过改善神经肌肉功能、转换肌纤维类型以及增强肌肉肌腱刚度和利用弹性势能的能力,提高跑步经济性和无氧能力,改善运动员耐力运动表现。本文基于对力量、耐力训练的生理学适应的探讨,总结不同形式力量训练对耐力运动表现的影响与作用机制,并为马拉松选手科学安排力量训练提出建议,从而优化其耐力运动表现。 相似文献
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Martin Mooses Kerli Mooses Diresibachew W. Haile Jérôme Durussel Priit Kaasik Yannis P. Pitsiladis 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(1):99-100
Santos-Concejero and Tucker argued in their letter to the editor that in our study the running economy in achieving superior performance was overlooked due to some methodological aspects. Having given the remarks of Santos-Concejero and Tucker appropriate consideration, in this letter to the editor, we argue that our paper does not downplay the influence of running economy on the determinants of the East African running phenomenon, but rather adds novel insights into the interaction between running economy, maximal oxygen uptake and performance. 相似文献
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评定有氧工作能力指标的探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
刘洵 《天津体育学院学报》1995,10(4):18-20
对不同训练水平、不同性别的６０名受试者进行了摄氧量、心率及氧脉搏的测定,其目的是通过比较优选评定有氧工作能力的指标。结果显示：在此方面,由于公斤体重的氧脉搏可同时消除体重和心率等因素的影响,故它比最大摄氧量更为客观。 相似文献
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游泳运动员最大吸氧量与成绩关系的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对游泳运动员水中最大吸氧量的测试,探讨游泳运动员最大吸氧量与运动成绩的关系。表明ＶＯ２ｍａｘ相对值与４００米、１５００米相关系数密切,并具依从关系。 相似文献
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运用抽样调查、实验和比较研究法研究武汉科技大学学生的最大摄氧量。结论显示:健身健美操能显著改善大学生的心血管机能;足球、篮球、羽毛球和网球项目相比,改善效果更显著;对女生心血管机能的改善程度大于男生。 相似文献
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当前我国体育消费力较弱,亟需通过研究提升体育消费力。运用文献资料、逻辑分析等方法,依据马克思消费力理论提出并解析了体育消费力的4要素及其现实情况:体育供给不到位导致消费品难以满足需求、居民收入不平衡限制消费者的支付能力、体育环境不规范阻滞良好消费氛围的形成、体育消费者不成熟拉低消费力的整体水平。体育消费力提升路径:以供给侧结构性改革为主线有效优化体育供给力,以拓宽人民增收渠道为手段动态平衡居民可支配收入,以完善市场化引导监督机制为动力合理规范体育社会环境,以强化消费者要素整合能力为抓手全面提升体育消费者成熟度。 相似文献