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1.
 本文通过对甘蓝和芥蓝的核型分析和花粉形态的扫描电镜观察,认为它们的核型并不完全一致,而花粉形态的明显区别说明芥蓝是一个独立的种,与芸苔属其他种不很亲缘。  相似文献   

2.
Some species of Hemerocallis were cultivated in the campus of Futan Un- iversity, including the evergreen H. aurantiaca Baker.  The original plant of H. auran- tiaca was introduced from Zhangzhou, southeastern Fukien Province.  The karyotype formula of H. aurantiaca is 2n=33=12m+9sm+3st+3T+6m(sat).   The  karyotype differs from those of summer-green or evergreen H. fulva (k(2n)=33=3M+21m+6sm +3T) and H. fulva var. kwanso (K(2n)=33=3M+l8m+6sm+3st+3T).  The vouchers are kept in FUS.  相似文献   

3.
本文研究了黄枝油杉Keteleeria calcarea Cheng et L.K.Fu.和矩鳞油杉Keteleeria   oblonga Cheng et L. K. Fu. 的核型。  并与江南油杉 K.cyclolepis Flous.和台湾油杉  K.   formosana Mast. 的核型比较,讨论四种油杉核型进化趋势。  黄枝油杉核型公式K(2n)=   24=16m+8sm;矩鳞油杉核型公式K(2n)=24=18m+6sm。  黄枝油杉在第1、3、6号   染色体短臂上具次缢痕;而矩鳞油杉在第2、4、6号染色体短臂上具次缢痕。二者均属较对称  的“2A“核型。  四种油杉核型进化趋势是江南油杉→矩鳞油杉→黄枝油杉→台湾油杉。  相似文献   

4.
本文对浙贝Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.(取材于浙江鄞县和舟山)、东贝 F.thunbergii var. chekiangensis Hsiao et K.C.Hsia和皖贝F.anhuiensis S.C.Chen et S.F.Yin的核型进行了分析比较, 其中东贝和浙贝(舟山)为首次报道.浙贝的核型:取材于浙江鄞县的为2n=24=4m(1sc) l)+4st(1sc) +16t(1sc),取材于浙江舟山为  2n=24=2m+2sm+12st(1sc)+8t(2sc),东贝的核型为 2n=24=2m+2sm+8st(2sc)+12t(4sc),皖贝的核型为2n=24=2m+2sm+8st(2sc)+12t(5sc)。3个分类群均属3B核型。  相似文献   

5.
本文首次报道特产于我国青藏高原披碱草属Elymus的6种植物的染色体数目和核型。6个种的染色体数目为2n=42,都是6倍体。它们的核型是:黑药鹅观草,2n=6x=42=32m+10sm;糙毛鹅观草,2n=6x=42=34m+8sm;大颖鹅观草,2n=6x=42=30m+12sm;疏花鹅观,2n=6x=42=32m+10sm;青海鹅观草,2n=6x= 42=34m十8sm;长颖鹅观草,2n=6x=42=34m十8sm。它们的核型属1B或2B型,染色体中均未发现随体。  相似文献   

6.
 本文对我国原始木本被子植物木兰科中的木兰属Magnolia、木莲属Manglietia、含笑属Michelia、 合果木属Paramichelia、观光木属Tsoongioderdron、拟单性木兰属Parakmeria、鹅掌楸属Liriodendron、 华盖木属Manglietiastrum 8属代表种的核型进行了研究。各属代表种的核型公式如下:夜合Magnolia coco 32m+4sm+2st(2SAT);灰木莲Manglieatia glauca 32m+4sm+2st(2SAT);合果木Paramichelia baillonii 34m(2SAT)+2sm+2st(2SAT);观光木Tsoongiodendron odorum 32m+6sn(2SAT);拟单性木 兰Parakmeria omeiensis 56m+16sm+4st(2SAT);鹅掌楸Liriodendron chinense 32+4sm(2SAT)+2st (2SAT);华盖木Manglietiastrum sinicum 28m+4sm+6st(6SAT);白兰 Michelia alba 34m+4sm(2SAT)。作者对木兰科核型进化问题进行了讨论。  相似文献   

7.
 葱属粗根组和根茎组6种11个居群的染色体数目和核型的研究结果如下:A.cyathophorum: 2n=2x=16=12m+4sm(2SAT)。A.przewalskianum:西藏察雅和四川理县居群分别为2n=4x=32 =28m+4st(2SAT)and 2n=4x=32=28m+2sm+2st(2SAT)。A. polyrhizum :2n=2x=20m+8sm+ 4t(2SAT)。A.mongolicum:2n=2x=16=14m+2st(2SAT)。A.senescens:朝鲜郁陵岛和中国内蒙古 科尔沁左翼后旗居群分别为2n=4x=32=28m+2sm+2st(2SAT)and 2n=4x=32=24m+4sm+4st (2SAT)。A.tuberosum:所研究的四个居群中,山西永济居群为二倍体,2n=2x=16=14m=2st (2SAT),另三个分别来自四川的理县、汶川玉龙和成都三瓦窑的居群均为四倍体,2n=4x=32=28m +4st(2SAT)。A.przewalskianum,A.polyrhizum and A.  mongolicum的核型为首次报道;并首次 在中国发现了A.tuberosum的野生二倍体居群。此外,还讨论了栽培韭的起源以及A.cyathophorum,A.przewalskianum和A.  senescens种内居群间的核型分化问题。  相似文献   

8.
Karyotype analysis for the species Reineckia carnea (Andr.) Kunth of the mo- notypic genus Reineckia Kunth is given for the first time. The number of chromosomes in root-tip cell was found to be 38, which is in accord with those reported by most of the pre- vious authors[5,7,8,9,11,12,]. The somatic complement shows a slight variation in size, i.e., the 2, 3, 5, 6, 7th pairs of the chromosomes have submedian constrictions, while the other pairs have median centromeres. The karyotype is therefore a rather symmetrical one, and accor- ding to the chromosomal terminology defined by Levan et al[4], the karyotype formula of the species is 2n=38=28 m+10 sm. In spite of the presence of two nucleoli in the te- lophase as observed by the authors and Noguchi[8] as well, the two corresponding Sat-chro- mosomes have not been found.  Photomicrograph of the chromosome complement and idiog- ram are given in Fig. 1 and 2 respectively.  相似文献   

9.
对国产7种和1变种兰属植物,即邱北冬蕙兰Cymbidium qiubeiense、春兰C. goeringii、春剑 C.longibracteatum、线叶春兰C.serratum、蕙兰C.faberi、送春C.fabri var.szechuanicum、寒兰C.kanran、莎  叶兰C.cyperifolium 的核型进行了研究。具体结果如下:邱北冬蕙兰为2n=40=24m+12sm+4st;蕙兰为2n=40=30m+8sm+2st;送春为2n=40=26m+l0sm+4st;寒兰为2n=40=26m+12sm+2st;莎叶兰为2n=40=24m+12sm+4st;春兰为2n=40=24m+l0sm+4st+2t;春剑为2n=40=24m+l0sm+6st。线叶春兰为2n=40=28m+l0sm+2st。线叶春兰中偶尔发现染色体数有2n=41,43,60,80。  相似文献   

10.
本文对国产7种甘草属植物的核型进行了研究,其结果为:乌拉尔甘草2n=16=   6m+10sm;黄甘草2n=16=8m+6sm十2st;光果甘草2n=16=14m+2sm;胀果甘   草2n=16=6m十10sm;粗毛甘草2n=16=12m十4sm;云南甘草20=16=12m十   4sm;刺果甘草2n=16=12m十4sm。基于对现有资料的分析,确认该属的染色体基数为   x=8,  且核型对称性程度较高。  通过对不同种核型进行比较,发现刺果甘草是本文所研究   7个种中最原始的,而黄甘草的进化程度相对较高。  相似文献   

11.
The karyotypes of 3 species of Ceratoides (C. arborescens,  C. ewersman- niana and C. latens) were studied. The results show that C. arborescens is a diploid, with karyotype formula 2n=2x=18=16m+2sm,  C. ewersmanniana is also a diploid,  with 2n=2x=18=14m+4sm,  while C. latens is a tetraploid,  with 2n=4x=36=24m+12sm. Ac- cording to the karyotypes,  the morphological features and geographical distribution,  C. arborescens seems to be a primitive species and it might have originated in northern China. C. arborescens and C. ewersmanniana are similar to each other,  not only in mor- phology but also in karyotype,  which shows that they are closely related and that C. ar- borescens might be the progenitor of C. ewersmanniana. The karyotypes of the 3 speciesof Ceratoides are basically identical,  with only minor differences.  相似文献   

12.
本文对贵州大树茶7种1变种11类型的核型进行了分析。结果表明,这些种类均为二倍体2n=30。五室茶Camellia quinquelocularis 2n=30=24m+6sm;四球茶C.tetracocca 2n=30=22m+8sm;大理茶C.taliensis 2n=30=22m+8sm;秃房茶C.gymnogyna 2n=30=22m+6sm+2st与2n=30=20m+8sm+2st;假秃房茶C. gymnogynoides 2n=30=22m+6sm+2st与2n=30=20m+8sm+2st;榕江茶C. jungkiangensis 2n=30+20m+8sm+2st;茶C.sinensis 2n=30=20m+8sm+2st以及变种淡红花茶C.sinensis var.ruolla 2n=30=20m+8sm+2st;均属2A核型。染色体结构变异在茶组植物演化中起了重要作用。所划分的两大类核型,即m和sm类与m,sm,和st类是与其子房室数,即5室和3室相一致的。根据核型的不对称性程度、外部形态及生化分析,探讨了各种类的亲缘关系与系统演化途径,论证了茶组植物的原产地是位于滇、桂、黔毗邻交汇处的云贵高原,探讨了茶组植物的分类学问题。  相似文献   

13.
利用火焰干燥涂片方法制备染色体玻片标本。  比较了栽培一粒小麦和野生一粒小麦     10个不同材料的核型。细胞学观察表明,它们的核型很相似,可能同属小麦的A染色体组。它     们都具有7对染色体(2n=14),  即5对中部着丝点染色体和两对亚中部着丝点染色体。所有材料的第5对染色体都带有随体。  相似文献   

14.
本文分析了该新种的核型,其核型公式为K(2n)=2x=16=14m+2st(2SAT),具一对居间随体,有时该居间随体不明显。核型的不对称性为2A型。  相似文献   

15.
A karyotypic analysis of Lycoris longituba Y. Hsu et Fan was carried out. The voucher specimen, Z. G. Mao 10501, is preserved in the Herbarium of Hangchow Botanical Garden. The chromosome number in root tip cells of the species is found for the first time to be 16, among which 6 are large, V-shaped with submedian primary constric- tions, and the other 10 are short, rod-shaped  with terminal primary constrictions. Photomi- crograph of the chromosome complement and idiogram are given in Fig. 1-3 respectively. The karyotype formula of the species is therefore 2n=16=6m+6t+4t (SAT) in the light of the chromosomal terminology defined by Levan and al.[5]      Based on the view stressed by Jones[3] and Brandham[4], successive fusion of the ch- romosomes should be taken as the essential mechanism for karyotype evolution and specia- tion in Lycoris. Reciprocal translocation, with the loss of one of the centromeres, might be the mechanism of origin for a V chromosome. It is, then, suggested that the decrease in ch- romosome number as a result of fusion of the rods with terminal or subterminal primaryconstrictions has taken place in the speciation of L. longituba.  相似文献   

16.
 本文分析了我国特产树种红杉Larix potaninii的核型,K(2n)=24=12m+8sm+4st,属2A类型,染色体相对长度组成为2n=24=4L+8M2+8M1+4S。落叶松属植物(10种)的核型由6对较长的中部着丝粒染色体和6对较短的、臂比大于2的近中或近端着丝粒染色体构成,这是较为进化的核型,其中红杉组Sect.Multiserales则似有比落叶松组Sect.Larix更进化的趋势。根据松科各属核型的比较,作者发现落叶松属和黄杉属非常近缘而与其他属较为疏远,因此由它们组成落叶松亚科可能较为合适,这是一个较进化的亚科。该结沦也得到形态学、解剖学、孢粉学、生物化学及古植物学等方面资料的支持。  相似文献   

17.
本文报道了安徽黄山和九华山产草芍药Paeonia obovata Maxim.的校型,两个居群植物的核型     均为k(2n)=2x=10=6m+2sm+2st, 未见随体。它们的最长和最短染色体的比值均为1.47;臂     比大于2的染色体的百分比均为0.2,属Stebbins的2A核型。这说明草芍药种内不同居群植物的染    色体数目和核型都是极其稳定的,而且和芍药属Paeonia内已报道的其它种的染色体数目一致。  相似文献   

18.
本文以根尖细胞为材料,观察了黑藻属Hydrilla植物的染色体核型。  它由两群染   色体组成:1—5 为长染色体,6—8 为短染色体。  染色体基数x=8。轮叶黑藻Hydrilla   verticillata(L. f.)Royle为二倍体;染色体数目为2n=2x=16;  雌雄之间既无染色体数   目的差别,也无异型染色体存在;核型公式为2n=2x=16=6m+6Sm十4St。  罗氏轮叶   黑藻Hydrilla verticillata var.roxburgbii Casp系同源三倍体;  染色体数目为2n=3x=24;   核型公式为2n=3x=24=9m+9Sm+6St。  相似文献   

19.
本文首次报道了沙冬青的染色体数目及核型,沙冬青  Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim.)Cheng f.染色体基数目为x=9,其核型公式为  2n=18=4m十14sm(2SAT)。  相似文献   

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