论类语言成分叹词的交际作用

叹词不是语词成分，而是类语言成分（Paralan－guage）①。叹词的基本作用是表示感叹和呼唤应答。叹词的意义要受到上下文等语境的制约，脱离语境，叹词的意义具有模糊性、不确定性。从这两方面的特点来看，叹词是典型的语用成分。叹词是个可以列举的类，又是一个用法灵活多变的类。笔者调查200多万字的语料，收集近千条用例，现按其作用分类，详细分析说明叹词的用法。在交际中，叹词常被用来招呼应答、表明态度、刻划人物、传达感情、烘托环境、渲染气氛。以下分类说明。1．1叹词的基本作用之一是招呼对方，引起对方注意，使对方进入交际…     

中德叹词对比

叹词在书面表达和日常交际中广泛应用,一词多义也极为常见,其具体含义与特定环境有关。本文通过对此分析认为,中德叹词之间有定义．应用、一词多义等方面的相似性,在形态、语音语调及句法方面则存在差异。正确掌握叹词的语言学特点,有利于更好地进行国际交流。     

对外汉语叹词教学研究

目前学界在现代汉语叹词的归属、分类上都需深入探讨,因此在对外汉语教学中存在语音、字形和语用上的难点。在对外汉语教学中高级阶段要在教材中具体、系统地体现叹词;口语及听力教学中教师根据叹词的应用频度予以讲解和回避,要讲清叹词的读音、意义和用法、引导学生体会叹词读音等方法让学生体会叹词的意义。     

关于《叹词的功能》中的一些语法问题

关于《叹词的功能》中的一些语法问题江苏省高邮市界首中学徐伟民１９９６年第４期《中学语文教学》发表了《叹词的功能》（以下简称《叹词》一文，我以为其中有一些语法问题，颇有讨论之必要。一、是不是叹词判断有误《叹词》一文中所说的“叹词”，有些并非叹词。例如：...     

浅谈汉语叹词语义功能新现象

随着语言的动态发展,汉语叹词通过其他词类的词叹词化,队伍逐渐壮大.通过整理、归纳、分析丰富鲜活的语料,从汉语叹词语义功能出发,着重探讨叹词“代句性”新现象,深入挖掘其背后机制,可以进一步了解汉语叹词的语义特征及其词汇简化发展趋势.     

少见多味叹词联

叹词能表达强烈的感情，叹词联虽少．却颇具韵味，为楹联世界增色不少。     

四川方言叹词“哦嚄”的“小三角”研究

近年兴起的网络热词“哦嚄”来自四川方言，作为四川方言高频叹词，“哦嚄”有其独特的语义特征和语用价值。将真实语料与“小三角”(表-里-值)理论相结合，共时研究与历时研究相结合，适合于分析“哦嚄”这一方言叹词。在此基础上，将“哦嚄”与意义相近的叹词进行列表对比分析，能全面直观地展现“哦嚄”一词的丰厚韵味与独特价值。     

应予叹词以独立地位

应予叹词以独立地位山西吕梁教育学院梁开瀛古汉语中本有叹词，且系古而有之，实属客观存在的语言现象。今人感叹，古人也感叹，道理浅显易见。不管出于何种考虑，将叹词统入他类，或避而不谈，确实欠当。作为学科，终该依据实际，适应规律，向前发展。六十年代，王力先生...     

小议英语“感叹词”

在中学英语学习中经常会碰到一些感叹词,尤其在英语口语中。我们有些老师和同学对它们关注不够。这种不太重视英语叹词的现象,很容易在对文字的理解和翻译实践中,犯一些不该犯的错误。叹词虽小,但它表达着千变万化的思想情绪,渗透到了语言的各个环节。因此,掌握它是十分重要的。     

湖南衡山方言中的叹词

语言研究者对现代汉语及方言中叹词的研究相对较少.叹词的句法特点是在句中位置灵活,通常不与其它词发生特定关系,常作句子中的独立成分,能独立成句;叹词前后有停顿,因此书面语中叹词后常跟标点符号.一般认为叹词具有表达语气、发表感叹的功能.陆镜光(2005)从叹词的语用功能角度出发发现不少方言中能找到一两个既有叹词特征又有指示功能的词,并将这类词称为"指示叹词".本文将引用"指示叹词"这个概念,将衡山方言中①的叹词分为指示叹词和语气叹词两类,并在文中对衡山方言中作为独立语气词的叹词和具有指示功能的叹词进行了描述.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

胡主席在印度,我却在中国

Today, Sunday morning, I sit thinking and typing at my computer. My thoughts are in my homeland, India and my body is in China. The body is here and mind there for a good reason. Mr. Hu is president and I am resident and both are in each other's countries (what a difference the absence of one small letter makes!). Mr. Hu will return in a few days and I will stay on longer.