刺薏复方抗辐射辅助保护功效研究

目的 对刺薏复方进行抗辐射功效实验研究,验证其在抗辐射方面具有辅助保护作用.方法 各实验项下的小鼠均给药后第14天以Co60Y射线对小鼠一次性全身照射,分别进行外周血白细胞(W B C)计数,骨髓有核细胞计数,骨髓微核细胞计数,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性测定,血清溶血素水平测定及胸腺、脾脏指数测定等实验.结果 刺薏复方具有促进WBC的恢复,增加股骨骨髓有核细胞数,减少股骨骨髓细胞微核数,提高血中SOD活性,升高血清溶血素水平及胸腺、脾脏指数等作用.结论 刺薏复方具有抗辐射辅助保护作用,且抗辐射作用与给药剂量存在量效正向关系.     

绞股蓝浸出液对Ehrlich腹水癌小鼠外周血象的回升作用

将绞股蓝浸出液对荷瘤小鼠作抑瘤试验的同时,观察其对外周血象的影响。实验结果表明:小鼠带瘤10天后,外周血中的红细胞、白细胞及血小板数急剧下降,血红蛋白含量显著减少,经腹腔及灌胃途径给药后,能抑制肿瘤细胞的繁殖,同时可减轻肿瘤不断生长而产生对造血系统的损害,并能促进各类原始细胞的分化,致使外周血中下降的上述血细胞及血红蛋白含量均有不同程度的提高。与对照组比较有显著性差异或非常显著差异(见表)。上     

芦笋抑制乳腺癌小鼠肿瘤生长的实验研究

目的:观察芦笋对小鼠原发性乳腺癌模型肿瘤的抑制作用.方法:采用BALB/c小鼠原发性乳腺癌移植到小鼠乳垫上建立小鼠乳腺癌原位移植模型,用鲜芦笋混悬液灌胃0.4ml/只,每日1次,连续20天.每周称小鼠的体重,量肿瘤大小两次;死亡小鼠当天称体重,解剖称肿瘤重量,测量肿瘤大小;第28天称体重后,处死荷瘤鼠剥离瘤块称重量,测量肿瘤大小,观察芦笋混悬液对荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的抑制作用.结果:芦笋对小鼠原发性乳腺癌有明显的抑制作用.结论:芦笋有抑制小鼠原发性乳腺癌肿瘤生长的功效.     

β-烟酰胺单核苷酸(NMN)对自然老化小鼠免疫力与精神状态的影响

目的:研究β-烟酰胺单核苷酸(NMN)对自然老化小鼠免疫力与精神状态的影响。方法:将20只6月龄ICR小鼠分为对照组与NMN组,正常饲养6个月后NMN组连续灌胃给药60 d。末次给药24 h后各组别进行自发活动与强迫游泳实验,之后小鼠眼内眦取血进行血细胞分析,颈椎脱臼处死动物,取胸腺与脾脏称重,计算器官指数。结果:NMN组较对照组小鼠体重、胸腺及脾脏指数无显著性差异。血细胞检测中,各指标无显著性差异。自发活动分析结果显示NMN组小鼠5 min内运动总路程与运动时间百分比较对照组有极显著增高(P<0.01)。强迫游泳实验结果中,NMN组小鼠不动时间较对照组有极显著性降低(P<0.01)。结论:NMN对自然老化小鼠的免疫无显著影响,但具有一定改善焦虑与提高活跃度的药效作用。     

中华猕猴桃多糖对巨噬细胞T细胞免疫介质的作用

一种从我省野生中华猕猴桃药材中提取的多糖化合物:ACPS-R,经体内或体外刺激小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞(Mφ)和脾淋巴细胞,受刺激的这些细胞的培养上清液,对相应的C3H/HeJ小鼠胸腺及CTLL细胞株,有明显的促增殖作用,提示Mφ及淋巴细胞培养上清液中分别含有IL-1及IL-2,受刺激后的小鼠血清成分,能抑制水泡性口炎病毒对L_(929)细胞的致病变作用,提示该血清中含有干扰素,结果表明,中华猕猴桃多糖化合物对Mφ-T细胞免疫网络中的多种调节介质,具有促分泌作用。     

芦笋对人胃癌细胞MKN45裸鼠模型抑制肿瘤生长的初探

目的:观察芦笋对人胃癌细胞MKN45裸鼠模型抑制肿瘤生长的初探.方法:采用人胃癌细胞MKN45实体瘤和瘤细胞两种不同接种方法建立胃癌裸鼠模型,用鲜芦笋混悬液灌胃0.4ml/只,每日1次,连续32天.每周连续测量体重及肿瘤大小2次,观察芦笋混悬液对荷瘤的抑制作用.结果1芦笋对采用不同两种接种方式建立的人胃癌细胞MKN45裸鼠模型均有明显抑制肿瘤生长作用.结论芦笋有抑制人胃癌细胞MKN45肿瘤生长的功效.     

绿茶多酚类化合物抗肿瘤作用研究

对荷瘤小鼠喂服一定剂量(每千克体重喂40mg、80mg和120mg)的绿茶多酚后,测定其对移植性肿瘤细胞的抑制作用,结果显示:对EAC重量的抑制率分别为65.3％、51.0％和48.7％;对S180的抑制率为66.3％、68.5％和59.8％;对EAC细胞增殖数抑制率为81.4％、77.0％和50.5％.同时测得三个试验组EAC鼠的胸腺细胞增加率为248.2％、69.6％和44.6％;脾细胞增殖率为13.5％、61.5％和22.9％;对S180鼠的胸腺细胞增加率为200.7％、73.9％和138.0％;脾细胞增加率为34.4％、31.1％和20.0％.实验结果表明:茶多酚抗肿瘤作用可能是通过增强机体免疫力来抑制体内肿瘤细胞的生长.     

三羧氨基喹啉对人舌鳞癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑瘤效应研究

目的　旨在观察三羧氨基喹啉 (L inomide)对人舌鳞状细胞癌裸鼠移植瘤生长的抑制效应 ,以明确 L inomide的抑瘤作用 ,为 L inomide用于人口腔鳞癌的治疗以及后续的进一步研究提供理论和实验依据 .方法　将人舌鳞癌细胞系 Tca8113接种至 BAL B/ C(nu/ nu)裸鼠 ,建立人舌癌裸鼠移植瘤模型 ,设立对照组、5 0 mg/ (kg· d)及 10 0 mg/ (kg· d) L inomide腹腔注射组 ,观察L inomide对肿瘤生长的抑制作用 .结果　与对照组相比 ,给予 Linomide治疗组的裸鼠皮下肿瘤体积明显缩小 (P<0 .0 1) ,肿瘤的生长明显受到抑制 ,10 0 mg/ (kg· d)组的瘤块体积要小于 5 0 mg/(kg· d)组的荷瘤裸鼠 (P<0 .0 1) ,说明 Linomide能抑制人舌癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长 ,且抑制程度与L inomide的剂量相关 .给予 L inomide治疗的荷瘤裸鼠其平均瘤重低于对照组 (P<0 .0 1) ,10 0mg/ (kg· d)组的荷瘤裸鼠的平均瘤重与 5 0 mg/ (kg· d)组的裸鼠比较 ,其瘤重的降低更为明显 (P<0 .0 1) .给药组裸鼠的存活时间与对照组相比明显延长 (P<0 .0 1) ,10 0 mg/ (kg· d)组的荷瘤裸鼠存活时间要长于 5 0 mg/ (kg· d)组的裸鼠 (P<0 .0 1) .结论　 L inomide对人舌鳞状细胞癌裸鼠移植瘤有明显的抑瘤效应 .     

癌细胞“流窜”有规律

作为一个病理科医生,每天“新发现”的癌症病例从几个到几十个,近年来发病例数也明显增多。每当我看一例新的癌症患者的病理切片时,不是仅仅为了诊断而看切片,也不仅仅是诊断完就了事,而是既要诊断又要带着寻找治疗新方法的目的。面对每一例癌组织中细胞的千变万化,我要了解癌细胞活得怎么样,它们在干什么,它们会发生什么事（即与癌细胞“对话”）,刚开始这些癌细胞似乎“不理睬”我,既不懂得它们在“想”什么,     

淋巴细胞的“杀癌”和“护癌”机制研究有新突破

复旦大学上海医学院免疫学系储以微教授课题组经3年潜心研究发现,有一种从细菌中提取的名叫“BLP”的细菌脂蛋白,一旦与存在于T淋巴细胞表面的TLR-2受体“一对一配接”后,可以调动一群具有杀伤性T淋巴细胞明显增强其杀伤癌细胞的能力,     

关于喙果藤的归属问题

 According to Wang and Xie, their recently  published  genus  Trirostellum  is distinguished from its allied genera by a number of characteristics: (1) the stamens with their filaments coherent into a central column; (2) the female flowers possessing rudimentary stamens; (3) the ovary 3-celled, with one ovule in each cell; (4) the fruits dehiscent, 3-rostrated at the apex; (5) the fruits possessing persistent perianth; (6) the seeds tuberculate and winged.  However, upon a careful comparison of Trirostell- um yixingensis Z.P. Wang et Q. Z. Xie, the type species of Trirostellum with Gyno- stemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Mak., the type species of Gynostemma Bl.  and some other species of Gynostemma as well,we have found that the representatives of the above two genera are identical in most of the important diagnostic characteristics ex- cept that the fruits of the former genus are dehiscent with three long beaks at  the apex, while the fruits of the latter genus are indehiscent  with  very  short  beaks. Besides, results obtained from chromosome counting haove  shown that the somatic chromosome number of Trirostellum yixingensis is 2n=22, while that of Gynostemma pentaphyllum is 2n=28.Yet these morphological and chromosomal differences seem not sufficient for generic demarcation.  We, therefore, suggest that Trirostellum bereduced to a sectional or subgeneric rank of Gynostemma Bl.     

中国绞股蓝属(葫芦科)的研究

 The genus Gynostemma B1. consists of 13 species and 2 varieties in the whole world, among which 11 species and 2 varieties occur in China. They are distributed in S. Shaanxi and the southern part of the Yangtze River (including Taiwan province) in China and also in Korea, Japan, Sri Lanka, India and Malesia. Based on the characters and dehiscence of fruit, the genus Gynostemma B1. may be divided into two subgenera, i.e. Subgen. I. Gynostemma and Subgen. II. Trirostllum (Z. P. Wang et Q. Z. Xie) C. Y. Wu ct S. K. Chen, comb. nov.        1.  Subgenus Gynostemma. The fruits are baccate, globose, 3-umbonate and incorni culate on the apical side, indehiscent when mature. The style apex in female flower is bifid.       Type of subgenus: Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Mak.       This subgenus contains 8 species and 2 varieties in the world, among which 6 speci- es and 2 varieties occur in China, i.e.1.G. simplicifolium B1. (Yunnan, Hainan of Guang- dong); 2. G. laxum (Wall.) Cogn. (S. Yunnan, Hainan of Guangdong and Guangxi); 3. G. burmanicum King ex Chakr. (Yunnan), 3a. G. burmanicum var. molle C. Y. Wu (Yun- nan); 4. G. pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Mak. (S. Shaanxi and the soutern area of the Yangtze River of China), 4a. G. pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Mak. var. dasycarpum C. V. Wu (Yun- nan); 5. G. pubescens (Gagnep.) C. Y. Wu, st. nov. (Yunnan); 6. G. longipes C. Y. Wu, sp. nov. (endemic to China: Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Shaanxi and Guangxi).       2.  Subgenus Trirostellum (Z. P. Wang et Q. Z. Xie) C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen, comb. nov.——Trirostellum Z. P. Wang et Q. Z. Xie in Acta Phytotaxonomia Sinica 19 (4): 483. 1981, syn. nov. The fruit are capsules, subcampanulate, 3-corniculate on the apical side, dehiscent when mature. The style apex in female flower is luniform and irregularly denticulate at margin, rarely bifid.       Type of subgenus: Gynostemma cardiospermum Cogn. ex Oliv.      This subgenus comprises 5 species, which are all endemic to China.  1. G. yixingense (Z. P. Wang et Q. Z. Xie) C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen (Jiangsu and Zhejiang); 2. G. cardio spermum Cogn. ex Oliv. (Hubei, Shaanxi and Sichuan); 3. G. microspermum C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen (S. Yunnan); 4. G. aggregatum C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen (NW. Yunnan); 5. G.laxiflorum C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen (Anhui).     

IL-18-GPI融合蛋白的表达及其免疫增强作用的研究

目的:构建真核表达IL-18-GPI融合基因的表达载体,观察融合蛋白在哺乳动物细胞中的表达动力学及生物学活性,为进一步研究细胞因子作为免疫增强剂在临床肿瘤治疗中的应用奠定基础.方法:通过RT-PCR的方法从脂多糖刺激的外周血淋巴细胞中钓取IL-18基因,通过共用限制性酶切位点与GPI相连形成pcDNA-IL-18-GPI真核表达质粒.将质粒转染CHO细胞后建立稳定表达融合蛋白的细胞株用于融合蛋白的提取.对提取纯化的蛋白进行生物学特性、蛋白质转移分析和γ-IFN诱导实验.结果:获得714 bp的核酸序列并构建重组质粒pcDNA-IL-18-GPI.SDS-PAGE和West-blot显示在CHO细胞中表达的IL-18-GPI融合蛋白分子量约为27.5 kD,该蛋白具有明显的蛋白转移和诱生γ-IFN的作用.结论:IL-18-GPI融合蛋白是一种潜在的肿瘤疫苗增强剂,具有良好的应用前景.     

Red blood cell membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles loaded with AIEgen and Poly(I : C) for enhanced tumoral photodynamic-immunotherapy

Red blood cell (RBC)-mimicking nanoparticles (NPs) offer a promising platform for drug delivery because of their prolonged circulation time, reduced immunogenicity and specific targeting ability. Herein, we report the design and preparation of RBC membrane-bound NPs (M@AP), for tumoral photodynamic-immunotherapy. The M@AP is formed by self-assembly of the positively charged aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) (named P2-PPh3) and the negatively charged polyinosinic : polycytidylic acid (Poly(I : C)), followed by RBC membrane encapsulation. P2-PPh3 is an AIE-active conjugated polyelectrolyte with additional photosensitizing ability for photodynamic therapy (PDT), while Poly(I : C) serves as an immune-stimulant to stimulate both tumor and immune cells to activate immunity, and thus reduces tumor cell viability. When applied in tumor-bearing mice, the M@AP NPs are enriched in both the tumor region as a result of an enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, and the spleen because of the homing effect of the RBC-mimicking shell. Upon light irradiation, P2-PPh3 promotes strong ROS generation in tumor cells, inducing the release of tumor antigens (TA). The anti-tumor immunity is further enhanced by the presence of Poly(I : C) in M@AP. Thus, this strategy combines the PDT properties of the AIE-active polyelectrolyte and immunotherapy properties of Poly(I : C) to achieve synergistic activation of the immune system for anti-tumor activity, providing a novel strategy for tumor treatment.     

In situ phase transitional polymeric vaccines for improved immunotherapy

Cancer vaccines have exhibited immense potential in cancer treatment. Through activating the host''s immune system, vaccines stimulate extensive functional T cells to eliminate cancer. However, the therapeutic efficacy of cancer vaccines is limited by their inferior lymph node delivery and inadequate uptake of dendritic cells. Herein, we propose an in situ phase transitional strategy on vaccine manufacturing to maximally enhance lymph node drainage while ensuring adequate dendritic cell uptake. The phase transitional vaccines, with dynamic size modulation property, retain a small size (24.4 ± 3.1 nm) during lymph node draining then transform into larger particles (483.0 ± 41.6 nm) on-site by external signal input. Results show that this strategy induced rapid and robust immune response in a mouse melanoma tumor model. Furthermore, a stronger humoral immune response was observed in mice when immunized with MHC-II restricted antigen, which demonstrated that lymph node-targeted cancer vaccine delivery could be effectively manipulated through dynamic size modulation.     

蔷薇科植物果核油性提取物体内外抗呼吸道病毒效果的观察

目的观察蔷薇科植物果核油性提取物体内外抗呼吸道病毒的效果。方法分别采用红细胞吸附抑制试验和细胞病变作用(CPE)检查,观察不同浓度油性提取物体外抗流感病毒A3株、冠状病毒OC43株和呼吸道合胞病毒E6株的作用。采用小鼠感染模型,观察不同浓度油性提取物滴鼻预防后,抵抗流感病毒A3株和冠状病毒OC43株致死性感染的效果。结果0.5%油性提取物作用1min、0.12%作用5min、0.06%作用10min均可完全抑制流感病毒A3株引起的鸡红细胞吸附现象;0.25%油性提取物作用1min、0.06%作用5min、0.03%作用10min均可完全抑制冠状病毒OC43株引起的小鼠红细胞吸附现象。1.0%油性提取物作用1min、0.25%作用5min、0.12%作用10min均可完全抑制呼吸道合胞病毒E6株引起的CPE。0.12%、0.25%和0.5%油性提取物滴鼻预防后,流感病毒A3株攻击小鼠的存活率分别为30%、90%和100%。0.06%、0.12%和0.25%油性提取物滴鼻预防后,冠状病毒OC43株攻击小鼠的存活率分别为30%、80%和100%。结论较低浓度的蔷薇科植物果核油性提取物即可显示出较强的体内外抗常见呼吸道病毒作用,但体内抗病毒作用有明显的有效剂量阈值。     

超抗原—SE抗肿瘤作用的研究现状

综述了SE抗肿瘤的作用机理、实验研究以及近年来的少量临床应用。葡萄球菌肠毒素（SE）是一种外源性超级抗原，仅需微量即能高效地刺激T细胞增殖，促使其产生大是和多种细胞因子及细胞毒，提高机体总体细胞免疫水平，使之获得抗肿瘤的有力，体外细胞水平和动物体内的研究结果表明：SE能够产生强大的杀伤和抑制肿瘤细胞效应，故是一种很有前途的新型肿瘤免疫治疗剂，目前已开始应用于肿瘤病人的治疗及对肿瘤病人在进行放化疗时保护机体白细胞降低以及防止其它毒副反应的发展。     

Scattered seeding of CAR T cells in solid tumors augments anticancer efficacy

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T) therapy was a milestone in the treatment of relapsed and refractory B cell malignancies. However, beneficial effects of CAR T cells have not been obtained in solid tumors yet. Herein, we implement a porous microneedle patch that accommodates CAR T cells and allows in situ penetration-mediated seeding of CAR T cells when implanted in the tumor bed or in the post-surgical resection cavity. CAR T cells loaded in the pores of the microneedle tips were readily escorted to the tumor in an evenly scattered manner without losing their activity. Such microneedle-mediated local delivery enhanced infiltration and immunostimulation of CAR T cells as compared to direct intratumoral injection. This tailorable patch offers a transformative platform for scattered seeding of living cells for treating a variety of tumors.