“广告是一种符号暴力”分析

传媒文化及话语研究一直备受关注,孙晶先生的《文化霸权理论研究》一书在谈到“媒介帝国主义的控制”时,引述了法国著名的哲学家和社会学家布尔迪厄关于“电视是一种符号暴力,它有两个基本功能,反民主性和受商业逻辑制约的他律性”的观点.在布尔迪厄关于电视媒介的观点基础上,结合当前广告行业的现状,不难得出这样一个推论:“广告更是一种符号暴力.”     

新闻评论中的语言暴力

新闻评论是一种批判性极强的文体,当它与政治和利益联姻之时,批判便有可能转为“批评”与“打击”,结果会导致“克制“尽失,“行为暴力”演变为“语言暴力”. 新闻评论语言与语言暴力 新闻评论中的语言暴力,是指不以逻辑推理为手段,直接以“攻击性,辱骂性、贬斥性、威胁性”①或权威性语言表达主体自身诉求,其意在建立主体的道德优势与社会权威.     

媒介暴力问题研究笔谈：关于媒介暴力的界定

西北大学新闻传播学院2006级传播学专业研究生在杨立川教授的指导下，比较系统地研究了媒介暴力问题，并就如何加强媒介暴力的管理规范和学术研究，克服媒介暴力的消极影响提出一些建设性的意见，这里刊登他们的几篇研究章。[第一段]     

美国传媒为何热衷“暴力”？

美国传媒为何热衷“暴力”？姜克安前年，即１９９３年，当美国黑人罗德尼·金（Ｒｏｄｎｅｙｋｉｎｇ）惨遭洛杉矶警察毒打后，美国舆论纷纷对事件发表评论之际，正逢我在美国讲学和举办画展。此事件遂引发我对美国社会的暴力问题，以及美国大众传播媒介的暴力信息状况做...     

媒介暴力问题研究笔谈

西北大学新闻传播学院2006级传播学专业研究生在杨立川教授的指导下,比较系统地研究了媒介暴力问题,并就如何加强媒介暴力的管理规范和学术研究,克服媒介暴力的消极影响提出一些建设性的意见,这里刊登他们的几篇研究文章.     

媒体暴力的危害浅析

一、媒体暴力的现状与趋势 媒体暴力一般被认为是包括电影、电视、电子游戏、报刊等在内的媒体含有或刊登暴力内容，并对人们正常生活造成某种不良影响的暴力现象：而另外一种则是“媒体本身的暴力”，指媒体及其从业者利用媒体本身作为大众传播媒介的话语权优势对新闻当事人或被波及的人群所实施的一种暴力行为。本文着重探讨第一种媒体暴力，即媒体中的暴力。     

媒介暴力的表现形式及其类型

“媒介暴力”是一个复杂的概念，其形式和类型多种多样。仅就媒介内容而言，国内学有的将其划分为真实暴力与幻想中的暴力，有的划分为非法的行为暴力与合理暴力，还有的从现实暴力的对应面总体分析影像暴力。在这些研究的基础上，本根据媒介暴力对现实暴力行为产生影响的可能性，将媒介暴力划分为以下类型：[第一段]     

新媒体施行与承受“象征暴力”的现象解读

布尔迪厄在《关于电视》中揭露了电视在资本主义社会中的两个功能:反民主的象征暴力和受商业逻辑制约的他律性。批判电视越来越受经济场的控制,并指出这样的危害;揭示了本应该成为民主的非凡工具的电视却蜕变为象征的压迫工具。本文主要通过分析微博这一新媒体代表,指出网络时代,媒介内容同质化现象加剧,新媒体取代电视成为媒介中心和新闻圈吸金的重要工具。微博等新媒体除了有言论自由、政治监督等角色外,还是新闻场承受和施行"象征暴力"的一个角色。     

舆论监督如何避免网络暴力

互联网技术的发展,网民群体的不断壮大,使“网络暴力”成为当下一大“奇观”。本文以最近几年的热点为例,分析“网络暴力”现象的一些特点,以及“网络暴力”现象愈演愈烈的原因。网络暴力出现以来,人们对它的研究越来越多,也越来越深入,但对其定义,至今尚无定论。笔者认为,网络暴力其实是媒介审判的一种表现形式,但却是一种不健康、不积极、不道德、不理性的变异发展,是社会暴力在网络上的延伸。它所带有的伤害性、侮辱性和煽动性行为,能对当事人造成名誉损害,并侵犯其隐私权、人身安全权等。     

规避暴力新闻之负功能

面对媒介能力日益增强,社会学家拉扎斯菲尔德和默顿表示出极大的忧虑:"大众媒介是一种既可以为善服务,又可以为恶服务的强大工具;而总的说来,如果不加适当的控制,它为恶的可能性则更大。"一直以来,暴力新闻频频亮相媒体或媒体抓住某暴力新闻大肆炒作,已经见怪不怪。受众对新异、刺激的新闻有一种本能的兴趣,     

Violence on television in Asia

Tan Yew Soon and Soh Yew Peng The Development of Singapore's Modern Media Industry Times Academic Press, Singapore 1994, pp. 263     

Effects of Violence Against Women in Popular Crime Dramas on Viewers' Attitudes Related to Sexual Violence

This study analyzes portrayals of female and male superheroes in children's cartoons. Specifically, this study investigated whether or not animated superheroes were portrayed in gender-role stereotypical ways. Coders analyzed 70 characters from 160 hours of recorded programming. Surprisingly, the researchers found few instances of traditional gender-role stereotyping. However, a trend toward defining “superheroics” in strictly traditional masculine terms was noted. Various media theories are used to discuss the potential effects of these portrayals.     

Kids,Television, and Violence

Aletha Huston Stein and Lynette Kohn Freidrich's Impact of Television on Children and Youth (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1975—$2.50, paper)

M.S. Heller and S. Polsky's Studies in Violence and Television (New York: Research Services Division of American Broadcasting Company, 1976—apparently free on request to researchers, paper)     

Changing Media Coverage of Violence Against Women

This article reports on recent research on some of the factors that may have led to changes in the way journalists report Violence Against Women (VAW) in Australia. Until recently, VAW has been largely reported by focusing on seemingly isolated events, rather than reporting VAW as a social problem, which has complex causes and requires a society-wide response. We report here on intensive interviews in two Australian newsrooms, both of which made decisions to campaign for social change on the issue of VAW. Two major themes that were evident in the interviews were, first, the influence of individual cases and, secondly, the important role of individual journalists and editors in driving coverage. We then examine the extent to which participants in our research saw VAW as an issue of gender inequality. We conclude with a brief discussion that places this journalism within the context of the work over more than 40 years of VAW activists and others to have VAW recognised as a social problem.     

The Context of Graphic Portrayals of Television Violence

This content analysis identifies the web of context that typically appears in the portrayal of television fictional violence. Highly graphic portrayals of violence are most likely in live action non-humorous programs with human perpetrators and targets. Graphicness was also found to vary across consequences to the victim, levels of reward, and use of weapons. The web of context that typically surrounds highly graphic portrayals is likely to lead to a fear effect more so than to desensitization or disinhibition.     

武斗残忆

"文化大革命"期间,我所在的学校--太原铁路第一中学,有两个学生死于一场武斗.那是1967年,在神州大地上,"革命组织"之间,"与人奋斗"正开展得如火如荼,我们学校也迎来了她头一场大型的武斗.武斗的起因无非是这派如何如何,那派怎样怎样,今天看来实在无聊,不值一提.