咔唑N-取代衍生物的合成

从分子角度分析了两类取代基咔唑衍生物在有机电致发光材料中的不同作用原理,通过SN1反应机理,采用不同的实验条件,合成了5种N-取代基咔唑衍生物,获得较好的收率.物质结构经^1H NMR,IR,MS和元素分析进行表征.     

单取代烷基喹啉的合成

在酸性条件下，用过二硫酸铵和硝酸银作引发剂使喹啉和脂肪酸发生自由基烷基化反应，合成了6种具有不同长短侧链的新喹啉衍生物，合成产物为α-单取代，其结果由元素分析，UV，IR，^1HNMR所证实,对反直条件进行了探索.     

Fenton及类Fenton试剂的研究进展

Fenton法是近几年备受关注的一种新的废水处理高级氧化技术.概述了羟基自由基·OH的产生机理,介绍了Fenton法和类Fenton法的运行机理及存在的优缺点,阐述了Fenton试剂及光/Fenton、光/H2O2草酸铁络合物、微波/Fenton以及超声/Fenton等类Fenton试剂的氧化特性,对各类试剂在工业废水处理上的应用状况进行了总结.     

β—CD及其衍生物色谱固定相的分离机理

通过对近年来β—CD及其衍生物作为色谱固定相在各类色谱分析,尤其在色谱手性分离中的应用及进展的评述,文章从环糊精(cyclodextrin,简称CD)的结构特征出发,通过对不同的CD衍生物对各类化合物的分离特征的探讨,综述了β—CD及其衍生物色谱固定相的分离机理.这将对人们有目的有选择地合成新的环糊精类(CDS)固定相以进一步提高其选择性并拓宽其应用范围,提供了理论依据,具有一定的理论价值.*     

5─丁基─2,3─二甲吡嗪合成新方法

本文报道了用2,3—二甲吡嗪和正丁酸在自由基引发剂引发下合成5—丁基—2,3—二甲吡嗪的新合成方法研究,并对合成条件进行了探索。实验表明：该方法具有产率高,路线短、分离精制简单等优点,是合成5—丁基—2,3—二甲吡嗪的有效方法。     

2——戊基吡啶新合成方法研究

用吡啶和正己酸在自由基引发剂引发下合成2-戊基吡啶的最佳条件是原料和引发剂的摩尔比为吡啶：正己酸：硝酸银：过硫酸铵=4：2：l：2,反应温度75—80℃,时间为25min。     

多分枝咔唑衍生物的双光子吸收和双光子荧光性质

通过Wittig反应合成了咔唑衍生物9-乙基-3-{5-（4-叔丁基苯基）-[1,3,4]二唑-2-苯乙烯基}-咔唑（2）和9-乙基-3,6-双{5（4-叔丁基苯基）-[1,3,4]噁二唑-2-苯乙烯基}-咔唑（3）,用核磁共振和红外光谱进行了结构表征．实验测定了咔唑衍生物的双光子吸收和双光子诱导荧光性质．这些化合物的双光子吸收截面较大,在800nm波长的激光激发下发出很强的蓝色双光子上转换荧光．实验中观察到了多枝结构在双光子吸收中的协同效应．这样的协同效应部分原因是由于多分枝间电子耦合作用,多分枝分子中重复单元的推拉电子结构和协同效应有效地增强了分子的双光子吸收性质．     

地皮菜细胞的分离纯化及形态发育研究

以地皮菜为研究对象,对原植体进行不同方式的处理,利用BG11培养基进行培养,研究了H2O2、乙醇、紫外处理对藻种分离的影响,通过镜检观察,筛选出原植体的不同处理条件下的最佳处理方式,并且对地皮菜的不同发育阶段进行了观察.结果表明：对原植体进行不同的单因素处理和多因素的复合的处理,分离地皮菜藻种,筛选出的单因素条件分别是1％H2O2、H2O2处理时间是30s、75％乙醇、乙醇的处理时间40s、紫外照射20min、紫外强度是800uW/cm2,筛选出的复合处理条件是1％H2O2、H2O2处理时间30s、乙醇浓度75％、乙醇处理时间40s、紫外处理时间10min、紫外强度800 uW/cm2,同时在不同条件下地皮菜存在多种繁殖方式和多个形态发育阶段.     

双氮氧自由基钴有机金属配位化合物调控苯乙烯聚合

氮氧自由基调控聚合是活性自由基聚合中的一大类,自从氮氧自由基被发现有调控苯乙烯聚合作用以来,不同类型和结构的氮氧自由基被合成以适配不同单体引发条件和匹配相应引发剂。首先合成了含有2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氮氧自由基(TEMPO)结构的希夫碱型配体,使其与乙酸钴发生配位反应合成带有双氮氧自由基型的金属配合物,通过单晶衍射仪器、红外光谱分析表征了金属配合物的结构,确定金属-有机配合物结构中依然保留未配对的氧自由基结构。其次,以偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,在125℃下实现了苯乙烯的活性调控聚合,得到了低分散性的聚苯乙烯。     

电子自旋共振技术(ESR)对鱿鱼氧化三甲胺热促分解机理研究

利用电子自旋共振技术(ESR)从自由基的角度探究鱿鱼高温氧化三甲胺(TMAO)热分解的刺激因子的热促分解机理,发现高温条件下氨基酸和还原糖能明显促进鱿鱼中TMAO的热分解,其中赖氨酸(Lys)和半乳糖(Gal)促进作用最强,且鱿鱼上清和TMAO-Fe(II)在高温条件下形成相似的自由基六重峰信号,Lys或Gal均能使鱿鱼上清中自由基信号增强,判定Lys和Gal通过增强-(CH3)3N·信号促进TMAO热分解产生FA。     

非语言交际概述

人类的交际系统包括语言交际与非语言交际两个系统。本文首先论述了非语言交际的学科发展简史及其在现实交际中的意义,进而阐明非语言交际的定义,认为非语言交际的范畴包括时空利用、身体行为、声音行为及环境语言四个方面,。最后探讨的是非语言交际的特点与功能。     

英汉非语言交际跨文化对比研究

人类交际包括语言交际和非语言交际。随着各民族的交往日益频繁,非语言交际越来越受到人们的重视。本文详细地阐述了非语言交际的重要性、非语言交际跨文化对比的原则和方法,并且对英汉非语言交际行为进行了跨文化对比。     

价值链转型：我国战略性新兴产业发展的战略创新

鉴于特定的内涵和属性,战略性新兴产业发展不能沿袭传统产业发展模式与战略。面对经济发展模式转型和升级的内在需求,促进战略性新兴产业发展首当其冲。我国战略性新兴产业发展存在的突出问题主要表现为战略性新兴产业的发展有沿袭传统产业粗放型扩张老路的风险、在低端环节竞争过度、自主创新积累能力低和政府介入过度等。因此,由单纯的全球价值链（GVC）模式向国家价值链转型,形成GVC和NVC高端竞争优势,这是我国战略性新兴产业发展的重要战略创新。     

意见领袖:影响高校学习型社团成员沟通能力的外部因素

以传播学中的"两级传播"理论为基础,分析高校学习型社团中学生"意见领袖"对培养社团成员沟通能力的作用,考察其在沟通发起、信息传递和总结反馈这三个环节中扮演的角色。提出了积极寻找社团中的"意见领袖",激发其沟通潜能,以推动社团信息交流,同时警惕"伪意见领袖"对其他成员沟通能力产生的消减力量等建议。     

Application of NVC to English Teaching for Preschool Education Major

In view of the present situation of college English teaching for Preschool Education Major is rather unsatisfactory, this paper briefly introduced Nonverbal Communication(NVC) and laid the emphasis on guiding college English teachers to apply useful nonverbal stimuli to inspiring Preschool Education major's English-learning interest, improving their learning results, and helping them master various preschool English teaching skills. It further proved the nonverbal means and relative training methods are helpful and practical to improve Preschool Education majors' nonverbal communicative competence and develop their preschool English teaching ability. Therefore, it will contribute to the study of English teaching for Preschool Education Major.     

Videotutoring, non-verbal communication and initial teacher training

Telematics has the potential to transform Higher Education through creating a distributed community of tutors and students. Videotutoring is central to telematics, enabling personal tutoring to occur at a distance. Within the context of a post-graduate teacher training course, videotutoring was used to tutor two students during the first six weeks of their first full-time school placement. Both ends of the videosignal were recorded. Analysis of the tapes used a protocol based upon research into non-verbal communication (NVC). NVC is as important as verbal communication in the tutorial process. Findings suggest that the interaction of participants mediated through the screen was significantly different from face-to-face communication in relation to the two-dimensional image of the screen and the "viewing frame" effect of the physical boundaries of the image. The viewing frame literally served as the proscenium arch of a theatre. Two-dimensionality and the viewing frame effect emphasised both the positive and negative elements in inter-personal communication as represented in Argyle's social skills and Goffman's theatrical models. The conclusion is that videotutoring can potentially be a more effective form of tutoring than face-to-face interaction.     

Balancing the Activity and Selectivity of Propane Oxidative Dehydrogenation on NiOOH(001) and(010)

Propane oxidative dehydrogenation(ODH) is an energy-efficient approach to produce propylene.However,ODH suffers from low propylene selectivity due to a relatively higher activation barrier for propylene formation compared with that for further oxidation.In this work,calculations based on density functional theory were performed to map out the reaction pathways of propane ODH on the surfaces(001) and(010) of nickel oxide hydroxide(NiOOH).Results show that propane is physisorbed on both surfaces and produces propylene through a two-step radical dehydrogenation process.The relatively low activation barriers of propane dehydrogenation on the NiOOH surfaces make the NiOOH-based catalysts promising for propane ODH.By contrast,the weak interaction between the allylic radical and the surface leads to a high activation barrier for further propylene oxidation.These results suggest that the catalysts based on NiOOH can be active and selective for the ODH of propane toward propylene.     

论教学机智的内涵

厘清教学机智的内涵是正确认识和引发教学机智的前提条件,但教学机智的涵义并不是下一条定义那么简单,它有其自身的发展轨迹以及与此相关的言说背景.从这个意义上说,教学机智总是发生在一定的具体情境中的教学行动,它要求行动具有恰当的灵活性、对学生的教育性以及不同于常规的创造性.     

唯物史观诞生的标志——谈《<政治经济学批判>序言》的意义

唯物史观的诞生使人们对社会历史的认识发生了质的飞跃，在哲学史上具有划时代意义。但学术界在唯物史观诞生标志问题上，一直都有分岐。该文主要通过过程分析、对比分析、系统分析，论证《＜政治经济学批判＞》乃是唯物史观的诞生标志。     

Evaluation of the antioxidant effects of four main theaflavin derivatives through chemiluminescence and DNA damage analyses

Theaflavins (TFs) are the dimers of a couple of epimerized catechins, which are specially formed during black tea fermentation. To explore the differences among four main TF derivatives (theaflavin (TF₁), theaflavin-3-gallate (TF₂A), theaflavin-3′-gallate (TF₂B), and theaflavin-3,3′-digallate (TF₃)) in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro, their properties of inhibiting superoxide, singlet oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, and the hydroxyl radical, and their effects on hydroxyl radical-induced DNA oxidative damage were systematically analyzed in the present study. The results show that, compared with (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), TF derivatives were good antioxidants for scavenging ROS and preventing the hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage in vitro. TF₃ was the most positive in scavenging hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical, and TF₁ suppressed superoxide. Positive antioxidant capacities of TF₂B on singlet oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, and the hydroxyl radical-induced DNA damage in vitro were found. The differences between the antioxidant capacities of four main TF derivatives in relation to their chemical structures were also discussed. We suggest that these activity differences among TF derivatives would be beneficial to scavenge different ROS with therapeutic potential.