Inside a beginning immigrant science teacher’s classroom: an ethnographic study

Teaching is a highly personal endeavor shaped by ‘funds of knowledge’ and beliefs about teaching, learning, and students. This case study examines how one Asian immigrant teacher’s personal expectations and beliefs influenced his expectations of students and the teaching and instructional strategies he employed. His expectations of students’ behavior and their failure to conform to his expectations influenced him to utilize more traditional, didactic instructional practices and responses to classroom management dilemmas. It is generally assumed that immigrant and minority students will benefit from exposure to teachers from similar backgrounds, and that ethnically diverse teachers can better prepare minority students for the multicultural workplace and global economy. This study focuses on the role a teacher’s background and experiences play in development of their beliefs about teaching and learning, their expectations of students, and the instructional decisions they make regarding teaching and learning. This study suggests that teachers draw on their personal histories and cultural understandings to create classroom practices which are molded by microcosms of personal ‘funds of knowledge’ and beliefs about teaching and learning. In contrast to conventional wisdom and unquestioned myths, this study emphasizes the importance of knowing that teachers’ cultural backgrounds do not necessarily qualify them to provide the most appropriate instructional environment for students from similar cultural backgrounds. This study suggests that all teachers need to learn to recognize and negotiate the unique social elements culturally diverse students bring to the classroom.     

Teachers’ gender bias in STEM: Results from a vignette study

Gender stereotypes in the natural sciences may discourage girls from pursuing STEM fields, thus contributing to the differential STEM pathways of males and females. This paper exploits quasi-experimental data from a vignette study to investigate teachers’ gender bias in STEM at the transition to upper secondary school in Denmark—a key stage in students’ educational trajectories. I investigate if teachers have a higher probability of recommending a STEM track to a (vignette) male student compared with a (vignette) female student and if teachers’ STEM recommendations interact with their demographic characteristics. Results show that, while there is a gender gap of 10 percentage points in the likelihood of being recommended a STEM track, the difference is not statistically significant. Furthermore, teachers’ gender bias is influenced by the teacher's own gender and cultural capital. Consequently, the paper shows that teachers’ gender bias varies with teachers’ demographic characteristics and teachers with high levels of cultural capital can push back against gender stereotypes in STEM.     

教师应答行为描述与分析

教师对学生回答问题的应答行为具有多种,其中典型的有五种:"完全忽视型""强迫牵引型""一味赞美型""互动生成型""审美观照型"。本文通过对这五种应答行为的案例描述和理性分析,揭示了在不同应答行为中教师对学生经验与思维过程的不同态度和处置方式。     

“Slippage” is not a dirty word: considering the usefulness of Giddens' notion of knowledgeability in understanding the possibilities for teacher education

The attempt to understand the relationship between messages intended and messages received has been an enduring issue in teacher education. For the past three decades researchers have made forays into understanding this enduring issue, and in the process have drawn on various explanatory frameworks, one of them being socialisation. In this paper we work with Giddens' structuration theory as well as his concept of knowledgeability as analytical frameworks for understanding the relationship between messages intended (by the teacher educator) and messages received (by the student‐teachers). Our discussion is informed by the findings of a study that investigated student‐teachers' interpretations of the pedagogical process of a physical education teacher education course. Data generated from conversations with, and observations of, the student‐teachers indicated that there was considerable “slippage” between the teacher educator's critical pedagogy inspired intentions and what was understood by the student‐teachers.     

教师尊严的认知偏差及矫正

教师对教师尊严的认知偏差是导致教师尊严逐渐式微的一个重要原因.当前对教师尊严的认知偏差有:过度重视外在他人的给予;过度追求经济收入的提高;教师尊严是一种普遍性尊严.对教师尊严的正确认知应是:教师尊严是自尊与尊重的统一;教师尊严的获得在于对教育使命的坚守;教师尊严是一种获得性与差异性尊严.     

White Skin,Black Friend: A Fanonian application to theorize racial fetish in teacher education

In Black Skin, white masks (1967, Grove Press), Franz Fanon uses a psychoanalytic framework to theorize the inferiority-dependency complex of Black men in response to the colonial racism of white men. Applying his framework in reverse, this theoretical article psychoanalyzes the white psyche and emotionality with respect to the racialization process of whites and their racial attachment to Blackness. Positing that such a process is interconnected with narcissism, humanistic emptiness, and psychosis, this article presents how racial attachment becomes racial fetish. Such a fetish reifies whiteness by accumulating fictive kinships with friends of color; hence, the common parlance of ‘But I have a Black friend!’ The article, then, overlays this theoretical interpretation onto the subject of teacher education in the US, specifically urban teacher education programs that are predominantly comprised of white middle-class females who claim a desire to ‘save’ urban students of color. Ending with the dangers and hopes of a more humanistic friendship, this article offers emotional ways one can self-actualize the racialization process.     

论课堂教学活动中的有效教师行为

随着社会发展和教育教学改革的深入,教师面临着越来越大的挑战。教师在传道、解惑、授业的过程中,要使得课堂教学效果达到最优化,成为一名有效教师,就需要具有一些特殊的能力。介绍了有效教师的教学常规———一些关键行为和辅助行为,它们将构成有效教师能力的主体架构,使人们对有效教师的概念有一个全面的了解,并帮助教师如何成为一名有效教师提出有益的示范和正确的导向。     

研究教师有效的教学能力:为何与如何

目前教师行为研究存在着过度简化的趋势,对教师行为的认识和研究内容也存在着一定的偏颇。以教师外显行为为载体、以扎根研究为主要方法,研究兼有内隐和外显属性的教师有效的教学能力,既可防范行为研究产生偏颇,又将弥补教师能力研究中存在的缺憾。教师有效的教学能力研究将成为课程改革和教师研究的一个重要实践源泉。     

“I’m a Facilitator of Learning!” Understanding What Teachers and Students Do Within Student-Centered Physical Education Models

The role of the facilitator has become almost synonymously associated with student-centered approaches. However, how a teacher functions as a facilitator is less well defined. This article begins to define teacher action in student-centered learning environments. Through an exploration of teacher behavior, teacher–student interactions, and discussions around teacher-as-activator, the article argues that the teacher must play an active role in the classroom and should be considered much more than a “guide on the side.” Teachers should use a range of direct and indirect behaviors and dialogical exchanges to support and extend learning. These actions and interactions should be contextually relevant and aligned with the learning aims of the student-centered approach. In suggesting that facilitation provides a narrow perspective on teacher action, the article calls for further consideration around teacher-as-activator to consider the teacher as someone who activates new learning possibilities.     

农村初中英语教师信念调查研究

教师信念决定着教学行为,是教师教育的核心内容。由于教师个人实践性知识受到重视,相关实证研究随之兴起,但是关于对农村英语教师的信念的研究还很少。本研究通过问卷调查发现农村初中英语教师的教师信念具有一定的稳定性。虽然由于个人背景,学习和教学经验的不同,教师信念存在个体差异性,但是绝大多数教师所秉承的教师信念是相同的或者相近的。