Higher education and employment markets in France

The theory of human capital has been used to account for the link between educational investment and individual earnings. The authors argue that any investigation of the relationship between these two elements must take into account the choice model used by the individual student as he enters higher education. His academic and social background influence his choice as do his estimate of the returns likely to come from investing in the study of particular disciplines and the extent to which he is prepared to risk failure, especially in highly competitive programmes of study with high rates of return. Evidence from a study made in Dijon in 1974 is summarised and offers support for the suggested choice model.     

Higher education scale and employment relationship in China

This paper reviews Chinese management research since its beginning more than thirty years ago. It then discusses the possible interplay between higher education scale and employment relationship, and suggests that it is time to take the road less traveled rather than to over-travel the more popular road. We conclude that the practice will prove the final judge on higher education reform and employment relationship, and the insights from this paper will help sharpen the understanding of the higher education challenges of China.     

Higher education in Asean towards the year 2000

This essay examines the prospects and problems confronting Asean higher education in the next decade and a half. It makes a plea for a holistic view of higher education and the need to plan on a system-wide basis. Some key issues in higher education such as access problems, diversification and innovation, student and faculty-related issues are illustrated with data from Asean. The article concludes with a discussion on regional initiatives in higher education and the possible changes that may take place.An earlier version of this article was presented at the Fourth International Congress of the European Association on Research and Development in Higher Education (EARDHE) on Higher Education by the Year 2000 held at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Federal Republic of Germany from 4–10 September, 1983. The authors wish to thank Professor Sippanondha Ketudat, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand for his comments on the earlier version of this article.     

Higher Education and Industry: towards a new partnership for improving engineering education

From a historical view-point, university and industry have had a long experience of cooperation, with differing results according to the countries, the fields of knowledge or activity, and the particular period. During the last 10-15 years, new trends have appeared within society and one can observe changing roles, in education or in research. In the near future, new concepts and new schemes will be developed for better cooperation between higher education and industry: ‘co-formation’, responsibility-shared education, design of new programmes with a large part for sandwich courses, production of pedagogical resources, joint ventures for special educational programmes and systems ? As far as the partnership is concerned, more than in the past, university and industry have to explore new ways. It is a necessity for both.     

坚持科学发展观以就业为导向推动艺术设计教育持续发展

新形势下如何正视艺术设计专业毕业生就业所面临的问题,据此进行教学管理改革,以培养符合社会需要的艺术设计人才,是摆在艺术设计教育工作者面前的一项重要课题.本文分析了艺术设计专业毕业生就业的现状及问题,并提出缓解艺术设计专业毕业生就业压力的对策.     

Evaluation in overseas education: Some parameters and priorities

The need for evaluating overseas education projects is urgent. The growing crisis in meeting demand and raising the necessary revenue to fund education systems calls for a reassessment of what is provided in terms of education. This paper seeks to examine specific areas for evaluation: the purpose of educational activity, the nature of education, and the constraints that operate on the effectiveness of educational provision. It shows how much of the so called evaluation is misguided or irrelevant. There then follows a discussion about some of the general issues raised in the evaluation process, not least the whole question of realistic dissemination of information to those who most need it.     

Brain drain,brain gain,and mobility: theories and prospective methods

This paper presents some theoretical and methodological considerations associated with the geographical and professional mobility of science professionals, including the conduct by the authors of a large scale survey questionnaire in Poland in 1994. It does not directly relate to research conducted elsewhere in the region, but does reflect selected issues and problems encountered.     

Brain drain and the disenchantment of being a higher education student in Portugal

The efforts made by most countries to accelerate economic development have included a significant investment in education. It has been argued that investment in education, particularly higher education, was itself a potential factor in economic development. Education has become a relatively easy means of improving access to the labour market. However, in Portugal, the recent trend has been reversed, and the country now faces a growing number of university graduates in several fields of education and training that do not have a job based on their formal qualifications. Despite the differences of unemployment by area of education and training, unemployment of the young skilled has been a problem in recent years. Therefore, following this unemployment trend, there has been growing the exodus of highly skilled professionals from the Portuguese economy, leaving it with a reduced supply of skilled people. This article discusses the employability of graduates from several academic areas and discusses the educational and economic policies that generate a real brain drain.     

Innovation in teacher education: towards a critical re-examination

ABSTRACT

In the course of introducing a themed issue of the journal on “Innovation in Teacher Education’, we lay out an argument for re-examining the meaning of innovation in the field, shifting it away from the dominance of the economistic and technological. Acknowledging its status as a ‘buzzword’, we distinguish between purposes for innovation and, in particular, between changes driven by arguments for social mobility and those driven by social justice and equity. Two imperatives for innovation underpinned by arguments for social justice and equity are identified: the concept of a ‘teacher education debt’, built on Ladson-Billings’ more general notion of ‘education debt’; and the humanization of learning, teaching and becoming a teacher as person-centred, relational practices. The final section of the article introduces each of the six papers in the context of the discussion in previous sections about these imperatives for change.     

Developing an overseas counsellor education program: Problems, issues, and educational implications

This article describes an example of an overseas counsellor education program. The problems, issues, and educational implications of the program are detailed.     

Co-creation in higher education: towards a conceptual model

Students have begun to show interest in adopting active and participatory roles that allow them to interact and work collaboratively with educators. One important aspect of students as partners is a process known as value co-creation. Value co-creation is the process of students’ feedback, opinions, and other resources such as their intellectual capabilities and personalities, integrated alongside institutional resources, which can offer mutual value to both students and institutions. This paper presents the first conceptual model of value co-creation in higher education using a lens of co-creation cultivated through business and marketing literature. The model includes key components of value co-creation, co-production, and value-in-use as well as links to the anticipated benefits of value co-creation. The model can be used to inform and guide practice for the faculty and administration within higher education as well as to broaden the foundation of value co-creation literature.     

Islam and education policy reform in the southern Philippines

The devolution of control over education policy in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao of the southern Philippines has led, in recent years, to efforts to Islamise education in the region, a trend reflective of similar efforts in other Southeast Asian Muslim countries but often seen as worrisome by secular observers concerned about the alleged radicalising influences of Islamic education. This essay critically examines two approaches to the Islamisation of education proposed by Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas and Fazlur Rahman, arguing that Islamisation of education in Muslim Mindanao is more likely to take a pragmatic than fundamentalist course.     

When overseas education meets a changing local context: the role of Tokyo Higher Technical School in the industrial modernisation of China in the early twentieth century

It is a wise choice for a backward country to explore overseas education bases to find the training for urgently needed talents. In 1900, the Qing government began actively sending students to study advanced technology in Japan. From that time, Tokyo Higher Technical School (THTS) became an indispensable overseas base for Chinese students studying abroad. Although the educational resources of THTS were not superior to those of the imperial universities, returning THTS graduates played a greater role in the industrial modernisation of China than the graduates from imperial universities. This article shows that the role of importers of technology is not only determined by the technology they have acquired, but also highly influenced by a variety of factors, such as opportunity and social demand, presenting a complex and changeable pattern in different contexts. For developing countries, the ‘appropriateness’ plays a more important role than the ‘progressiveness’ of the imported technology.