从康德的角度看现代道德教育的一个误区

作者认为一般教育学著作以及道德教育著作中所强调的道德教育要促进学生从道德他律向道德自律的转化的说法中，其“他律”和“自律”虽沿用康德的名词，但实质上与康德所说“他律”和“自律”含义并不相同。一般所说的“自律”还属于康德所谓的“他律”，康德所谓的道德的必要条件是“自律”，而“自律”的必要条件则是“自由”，只有是“自由”基础之上的“自律”行为才是道德的，如此的行为才体现得山“德性”的庄严。     

小议德育工作的“五性”

一、自主性。学生是学习和发展的主人，他们的发展要通过自我设计、自我构建、自我努力才能实现。从心理学的角度看，每一个学生都渴望发展，因此，教师不能只把他们看作教育对象，而应该引导他们成为自主教育的主人；不能偏重他律，而应该注重自律，使学生内因发热，由“要我做”变为“我要做”，以此来突出德育的“自主性”。如开展“给自己下个命令”活动，让学生针对自己的缺点，根据自己的发展愿望给自己下个命令。     

远程教育中个别化自主学习模式的探索

远程学习是一种高自主性的独立的学习,学习者要具有高度的学习责任感和自我控制学习的能力。实践证明,远程开放教育的学生只有在自主学习理论的指导下、在长期的学习过程中,才可能逐步形成自主学习的观念,建立明确的学习目标,掌握适合个别化自主学习的方法和策略,实现学习效果评价。教师要帮助学习者完成从“自由学习”到“自觉学习”再到“自主学习”观念的转变。     

论现代远程开放教育课程的面授导学

现代远程开放教育模式下,面授辅导是教育机构必须向学员提供的一项重要的学习支持服务。面授辅导课要上成导学课,指导、诱导、辅导、引导和督导学生实现“要我学”到“我要学”的转变,实现从“学会”到“会学”的转变。     

"一村一名大学生计划"专业学员自律学习能力的培养

本文在分析“一村一名大学生计划”专业学员的构成情况、影响其自律学习因素的基础上，从转变观念、掌握学习方法、整合资源等三个方面提出了培养“一村一名大学生计划”专业学员自律学习能力的途径。     

影响成人远程学习者自律学习的心理与背景因素之分析

在竞争激烈的全球化市场和发展迅速的信息社会,有效的自我学习是终生学习的基本条件。对于进行远程和独立学习的成人来说,如何强化他们有效的自我学习能力,是远程教育领域中一个重要的研究主题。自律学习是自我学习的一种策略与形式,在传统的教育心理学界已进行了广泛和系统的探讨,但在远程和成人教育领域很少涉及。本文描述了自律学习的理念,同时探讨如何运用自律学习来促进成人在远程教育情境中的学习。除了以文献分析为主要的方法外,作者也结合了自己的教育实践经验,分析远程教育中成人自律学习的心理及个人背景因素,并提出了促进远程成人自律学习的五方面建议,以供远程和成人教育工作者参考。     

远程初学者自我导向学习准备度的实证研究

开放远程教育的辍学现象主要集中在初学阶段,因而面向初学者的学习支持服务尤为重要。初学者对开放远程学习方式的适应程度在一定程度上取决于自我导向学习的准备度。根据某开放大学初学者自我导向学习准备度的实证调研,初学者总体的自我导向学习准备度较好,男性学员略高于女性学员,已婚学员显著高于未婚学员。年龄和从业年限与自我导向学习准备度没有显著相关关系,但学历水平与初学者的主动学习和效率学习的倾向性显著相关,普通专科和本科毕业的初学者在这两方面显著低于成人专科和本科毕业的初学者。开放大学在初学者的学习支持服务中,需要加强对女性学员承担多重角色和压力的人文关怀,注重增强未婚学员在开放远程学习中的责任感和成就感,更要高度关注普通专科和本科毕业的学员,提升他们对开放远程学习的认同感、主动性及自我效能感。     

"以德治国"就是以代表最先进文化的道德去治国

“德治”和“法治”相辅相成，二者缺一不可。道德讲自律，法律讲他律，自律和他律是相互促进，相互加强的。他律可以促进人们自律，如果法制完善，人们知道某事在任何条件下都不可为，自动就会促进人们自律，加强自我约束，不去做法律所不允许的事；反过来，如果加强自律，人们的道德水平提高了，会自觉地遵纪守法，使社会稳定和谐地发展，这将促进法制建设的完善。因此，“以德治国”和“依法治国”不仅是不矛盾的，而且是相互依存，和谐统一的两种重要的治国方略。 　　“以德治国”的关键问题是以什么“德”去治国？我们应该吸收人类文…     

论中学道德教育中的“自律”与“他律”

中学的思想品德教育，如何培养学生的道德由“他律”转向“自律”，是一个十分重要的课题。本文从道德教育的出发点开始，剖析中国传统道德教育的弊端，分析时下学校道德教育实效低下的原因，从理论上探索“自律”教育的可行性，并从教学实践中尝试“自律”教育的过程，从“自律”与“他律”的辩证转化中，着重人的价值的尊重以及提升人们心中的“向善性”，使道德教育自觉地走向“自律”。     

用民主与法制构建“自律班级”

班主任不仅负责班级管理和建设工作，而且承担着繁重的教学任务。班主任要从杂乱的班级管理事务中解脱出来，及时更新观念，适应新课程改革的需求，把班级管理看作培养学生能力的平台，让学生以民主与法制意识管理自己，从“人治”走向“民治”和“法治”，从“他律”走向“自律”。针对当前班主任工作中普遍存在的“统”得过多、“放”得过少的现象，本文仅从培养学生民主与法制意识的角度，探索如何构建“自律班级”，使学生能积极主动地参与到班级的管理和建设中，自我约束言行和思想，自主安排学习和生活。[编者按]     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.