小型无人地面车辆虚拟漫游系统设计

以实验室中的小型无人地面车辆（SUGV）为背景,在Visual C＋＋环境下,93,通用标准三维图形函数库OpenGL为工具开发了一个小行无人地面车辆虚拟漫游系统。介绍了如何实现仿真系统的一些关键技术,如操纵杆控制的实现、运动控制、视点漫游技术的实现等。该仿真系统既可为操纵人员提供模拟操纵平台,也可为开发人员提供辅助设计、开发平台。     

Surgical simulators and simulated surgeons: reconstituting medical practice and practitioners in simulations

Simulators that represent human patients are being integrated into medical education. This study examines the use of a haptic-enabled, virtual reality simulator designed to allow training in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques. The paper shows how medical practices and practitioners are constructed during a simulation. By using the theoretical tools that situated learning and communities of practice provide, combined with the concept of reconstituting, I broaden the discussion of medical simulators from a concern with discrete skills and individual knowledge to an examination of how medical knowledge is created around and with computer simulators. The concept of reconstitution is presented as a theoretical term for understanding the interplay between simulators and people in practice. Rather than merely enacting simulator training, reconstituting creates a different context, different actors and different techniques during the simulation.     

基于正交小波变换的三维人脸门禁系统设计

提出一种结合嵌入式技术的三维人脸门襟系统的设计及具体实现方法。通过搭建相应硬件配准、运用正交小波技术,配合双目立体视觉原理,完成人脸的三维采集和特征识别。该系统因为加入了三维的因素,可以有效地克服传统的门襟系统受到光照、角度等外界因素影响带来的弊端。实验表明,该方法能够建立真实有效的三维人脸模型,提高了门禁系统识别的准确性。     

System-on-a-chip (SoC)-based hardware acceleration for foreground and background identification

The rapid growth of embedded vision applications and accessibility in recent years has instigated a philosophical shift in algorithm and implementation design for artificial intelligence. With the popularization of high-definition video, the amount of data available to be processed has also increased substantially, posing massive computational and communication demands. Hardware acceleration through specialization has received renewed interest in recent years; such acceleration has generally been implemented using two chips, with the image signal processing (ISP) part being performed by a DSP, a GPU or an FPGA and the video content analytics (VCA) part being executed by a processor. GPUs consume a substantial amount of power; thus, it is challenging to deploy them in embedded environments. However, the new generation of SoC-FPGAs that are fabricated with both the microprocessor and FPGA on a single chip consumes less power and can be built into small systems, thereby offering an attractive platform for embedded applications. This study presents the hardware acceleration of a real-time adaptive background and foreground identification algorithm in a SoC, including the capture, processing and display stages. The algorithm can be performed in either 2D or 3D space. The proposed platform uses photometric invariant color, depth data and local binary patterns (LBPs) to distinguish background from foreground. The system uses minimal cell resources, an elastically pipelined architecture is used to absorb variations in processing time, and each pipeline stage is optimized to use the available FPGA primitives. Additionally, the communication-centric architecture used in this work simplifies the implementation of embedded vision algorithms.     

基于模糊理论制定国防工业研究所研发人员考核体系

运用模糊综合评价法,对现有的国防研究所研发人员考核体系进行分析,指出现行考核体系存在的问题,虽然经济指标是明确的,但其他方面的指标是不具体的,没有一个相对量化的、可供监控的考核体系。对其绩效因素进行论证,利用模糊综合评价权数制定国防工业研发人员考核指标体系,从思想品德,工作能力,工作态度,工作成果,自我改进5个方面作为评价指标,对研发人员进行综合评价,同时打分填写5个评级指标子集的权数,并排出重要程度的顺序,得出研发人员绩效评价状况所达到的等级。所得结论能为研究院所的考核提供借鉴。     

基于ARM的绞车模拟器系统设计与实现

绞车模拟器是对绞车控制系统控制性能和控制功能的完整性进行检测的电路设备。文章采用S3C2440处理器核心计了一套基于ARM嵌入式系统的绞车模拟器,该模拟器系统界面友好、运行稳定,可以满足测试要求。     

Quality of Service provisioning for UMTS network users with immediate and advance radio resource reservations

Wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) is selected as the air interface scheme for 3G wireless networks. This scheme offers a high data rate that makes the wireless networks a suitable environment for real-time packet data services. 3G networks can be used to deliver multimedia traffic with guaranteed quality of service, but faces the scalability challenge in terms of the number of connections that can be setup in the cellular network. The more connections take place in WCDMA based network, the more interference is created, which yields more QoS degradation. To handle this issue, several algorithms that are collectively alleviate the QoS degradation have been developed and implemented. In this paper, we provide a system link simulator that models the WCDMA cellular network with the necessary radio resource management algorithms. The downlink direction has been simulated as it is usually the limiting link in setting up multimedia sessions, and interactive web sessions. The simulation environment provides, through the implementation of new wrap-around technique, a fair source of intra-cell and inter-cell interference, and avoids session disconnections due to the limited simulation area. Then, we suggest an admission control algorithm for admitting immediate and advance radio resource reservation requests. The admission control algorithm decision is based on the amount of interference that the new request will add to the network. The algorithm relies on the radio resource reservation states that stores all admitted immediate and advance sessions.     

基于S3C2410A的嵌入式远程视频监控系统的设计

给出了一种嵌入式远程视频监控系统的解决方案,构建了基于ARM的硬件平台.重点介绍了基于S3C2410A处理器模块的构建、嵌入式Linux开发环境的建立,设计了基于socket技术的服务器和客户端应用程序,并以MPEG-4作为视频编解码标准,移植XviD,最终通过软件实现视频采集和压缩.综合测试表明嵌入式远程视频监控系统具有成本低、功耗小、稳定性和可靠性强、功能完善等特点,具有广泛的应用前景.     

Collagen-based brain microvasculature model in vitro using three-dimensional printed template

We present an engineered three-dimensional (3D) in vitro brain microvasculature system embedded within the bulk of a collagen matrix. To create a hydrogel template for the functional brain microvascular structure, we fabricated an array of microchannels made of collagen I using microneedles and a 3D printed frame. By culturing mouse brain endothelial cells (bEnd.3) on the luminal surface of cylindrical collagen microchannels, we reconstructed an array of brain microvasculature in vitro with circular cross-sections. We characterized the barrier function of our brain microvasculature by measuring transendothelial permeability of 40 kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (Stoke''s radius of ∼4.5 nm), based on an analytical model. The transendothelial permeability decreased significantly over 3 weeks of culture. We also present the disruption of the barrier function with a hyperosmotic mannitol as well as a subsequent recovery over 4 days. Our brain microvasculature model in vitro, consisting of system-in-hydrogel combined with the widely emerging 3D printing technique, can serve as a useful tool not only for fundamental studies associated with blood-brain barrier in physiological and pathological settings but also for pharmaceutical applications.     

A perspective on paper-based microfluidics: Current status and future trends

"Paper-based microfluidics" or "lab on paper," as a burgeoning research field with its beginning in 2007, provides a novel system for fluid handling and fluid analysis for a variety of applications including health diagnostics, environmental monitoring as well as food quality testing. The reasons why paper becomes an attractive substrate for making microfluidic systems include: (1) it is a ubiquitous and extremely cheap cellulosic material; (2) it is compatible with many chemical/biochemical/medical applications; and (3) it transports liquids using capillary forces without the assistance of external forces. By building microfluidic channels on paper, liquid flow is confined within the channels, and therefore, liquid flow can be guided in a controlled manner. A variety of 2D and even 3D microfluidic channels have been created on paper, which are able to transport liquids in the predesigned pathways on paper. At the current stage of its development, paper-based microfluidic system is claimed to be low-cost, easy-to-use, disposable, and equipment-free, and therefore, is a rising technology particularly relevant to improving the healthcare and disease screening in the developing world, especially for those areas with no- or low-infrastructure and limited trained medical and health professionals. The research in paper-based microfluidics is experiencing a period of explosion; most published works have focused on: (1) inventing low-cost and simple fabrication techniques for paper-based microfluidic devices; and (2) exploring new applications of paper-based microfluidics by incorporating efficient detection methods. This paper aims to review both the fabrication techniques and applications of paper-based microfluidics reported to date. This paper also attempts to convey to the readers, from the authors' point of view the current limitations of paper-based microfluidics which require further research, and a few perspective directions this new analytical system may take in its development.     

Simulation of small humanoid robots for soccer domain

In this paper, we illustrate the development of a realistic simulation of a humanoid robot model in a virtual environment using USARSim (Urban Search and Rescue Simulator). USARSim provides an accurate 3D simulation of a virtual environment with a detailed rendering and a realistic physics. Moreover, USARSim allows users to observe the virtual environment from different views. One of these is the egocentric view, which can simulate the camera mounted on the robot. The small humanoid robot presented in this work is Robovie-M, developed by VStone Ltd. (Japan). This robot is used by our team Artisti in the RobotCup soccer competitions.Reported experiments compare the behaviors of a real robot and of its virtual model, when controlled by the same control software to asses the possibility to faithfully simulate a robot with 22 degrees of freedom in USARSim. Moreover, we discuss the possibility to close the control loop of the robot in simulation, by simulating also the main robot sensor, i.e. the camera.The experiments show that USARSim, despite being a simple simulator based on a low cost computer game, provides an accurate enough simulation of the physics and a realistic rendering of the 3D scene enabling a faithful simulation of a small humanoid robot at low cost. Thus, one can entirely test the robot software modules in the simulation (namely: the motion control modules, the vision system modules and, by closing the robot control loop in simulation, the behavior and behavior-selection modules).     

Digital microfluidic three-dimensional cell culture and chemical screening platform using alginate hydrogels

Electro wetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) digital microfluidics (DMF) can be used to develop improved chemical screening platforms using 3-dimensional (3D) cell culture. Alginate hydrogels are one common method by which a 3D cell culture environment is created. This paper presents a study of alginate gelation on EWOD DMF and investigates designs to obtain uniform alginate hydrogels that can be repeatedly addressed by any desired liquids. A design which allows for gels to be retained in place during liquid delivery and removal without using any physical barriers or hydrophilic patterning of substrates is presented. A proof of concept screening platform is demonstrated by examining the effects of different concentrations of a test chemical on 3D cells in alginate hydrogels. In addition, the temporal effects of the various chemical concentrations on different hydrogel posts are demonstrated, thereby establishing the benefits of an EWOD DMF 3D cell culture and chemical screening platform using alginate hydrogels.     

基于嵌入式Web服务的传感器实现

传感器是网络测控系统的一个独立基节点,然而种类繁多的传感器使得信息共享带来诸多不便,因此传感器为企业用户提供一个通用的访问接口是十分必要的.将Web服务技术融入干传统测控系统中已经成为一个新的发展方向.文中基于嵌入式Web服务技术,在以ARM9微处理器为核心的硬件环境下,采用嵌入式Linux和嵌入式Web服务开发工具gSoap实现了网络传感器的智能化和网格功能,最后利用soapUI性能测试工具验证了基于嵌入式Web服务技术的传感器是可行且温度的.     

相控阵多普勒计程仪八通道海底回波信号模拟器设计

本文从多普勒原理出发,简述了基于相控阵海底回波模拟器的软硬件设计思路。根据实际需求将回波模拟器的软件划分为波形生成器、D/A控制器和DSP/BIOS配置三个部分进行分块设计。最后对不同条件的信号波形进行验证,确保信号模拟器满足设计要求。     

3—自由度直升机模型的分析与控制器设计

本文以3—自由度直升飞机系统为模拟平台,针对其线性化模型,采用了LQR方法对直升机控制器进行设计以提高系统的性能,针对该方法加入了内模,以增强系统的跟踪能力和抗干扰能力。     

Optimized frequency-based foundation design for wind turbine towers utilizing soil-structure interaction

This study illustrates design optimization for multiple wind towers located at different villages in Alaska. The towers are supported by two different types of foundations: large mat or deep piles foundations. Initially, a reinforced concrete (RC) mat foundation was proposed. Where soil conditions required it, a pile foundation solution was devised utilizing a 30 in thick RC mat containing an embedded steel grillage of W18 beams and supported by 20-24 in grouted or un-grouted piles. For faster installation and lower construction cost, all-steel foundations were proposed for these remote Alaska sites. The new all-steel design was found to reduce the natural frequencies of the structural system due to softening the foundation. Thus, the tower-foundation system could potentially become near-resonant with the operational frequencies of the wind turbine. Consequently, the likelihood of structural damage or even the collapse is increased.A detailed 3D finite-element model of the tower-foundation-pile system with RC foundation was created using SAP2000. Soil springs were included in the model based on soil properties obtained from the geotechnical investigation. The natural frequency from the model was verified against the tower manufacturer analytical and experimental values. When piles were used, numerous iterations were carried out to eliminate the need for the RC and optimize the design. An optimized design was achieved with enough separation between the natural and operational frequencies. The design successfully avoids damage to the structural system, while eliminating the need for any RC in most cases.     

以高中语文教材为载体解读“月亮”意象

＂意象＂作为创作主体以独特的情感活动创造出来的一种艺术形象,寄托着创作主体的主观情思。因而,对＂意象＂的解读是整首诗歌解读的关键。所以,我们在古诗文教学的过程中,应该抓住这些关键的＂意象＂,以此为切入点,引导学生分析整首诗词,以达到体会全诗思想情感的目的。本文选取了人教版高中语文新教材中有关＂月亮＂意象的诗词,以相关语句为切入点,分析了诗文所表达的情感。     

科研项目滚动式进度规划研究

本文介绍了科研项目的最新特点与管理现状,针对目前存在的问题,提出了管理计划基准化的概念,以国家重点研发计划为例详细阐述了滚动式规划与数字化技术相结合的管理方法和思路。该方法通过将项目任务自上而下地按照年度进行分解,创建项目年度执行基准,在滚动周期内对组织过程资产进行阶段性固化,同时应用PDCA质量管理循环体系实现科研管理与技术研发的持续改进,从而确保年度考核指标的完成。本文利用MS Project软件在滚动式规划的基础上建立年度进度网络模型,实时跟踪与监控科研项目的进度、成本与质量,从而实现科研项目的高效、动态、精准化管理。实践证明：该方法可以有效简化流程,提高管理效率,增大项目成功率,适用于规模化、市场化、复杂化的科研项目管理,为未来科研项目管理提供借鉴。     

基于DSP的嵌入式网络视频监控系统设计

当今快速发展的IT技术,为了生产和生活的方便、安全各种高科技产品层出不穷。基于网络的视频监控系统将被广泛应用于安全保护、生产管理等场合,成为金融、交通、商业、住宅等领域重要的安全防范监控手段,对企业财产保护,生产过程监控起到重要的作用。基于DSP的数据采集的嵌入式系统是在需要监控的场所安放网络摄像机探测监控现场,同时将视频和报警信号通过计算机网络,传送到监控中心存储和处理。嵌入式视频监控系统是计算机、网络和视频编码技术的结合,它可以将不同地点的现场信息实时通过无线通讯手段传送到监控中心。     

宅游天下——3D虚拟旅游发展探析

20世纪90年代中后期,Williams and Hohson首次提出虚拟现实技术必然对旅游业产生影响,旅游业将步入一个新的信息时代——信息旅游时代,也称之为虚拟旅游时代。而随着技术与观念的逐步成熟,3D虚拟旅游发展迅速。本文意在通过分析3D虚拟旅游的现状、运营与盈利模式,来探讨3D虚拟旅游的今后发展方向。