Relationship between cholecystolithiasis and polypoid gallbladder

INTRODUCTIONThetermpolypoidgallbladder(PLG)isusedgenericallytodescribeanymucosalprojectionintothelumen .Itmaybeclassifiedaseithernon neoplasticlesions,whichcomprise 95 %ofallgallbladderpolyps,orneoplasticlesions,ofwhichadenomascomprisethevastmajority .Anu…     

Distribution of H.pylori antigens in gastric mucosa and its significance

Objective: To investigate the distribution of H. pylori antigens in the gastric mucosa in patients with H. pylori infection, and the relationship between the distribution and gastric cancer. Methods: Of 112 patients confirmed by pathological study to have chronic superficial gastritis, precancerous changes (chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia or atypical hyperplasia) and gastric cancer, 28 were H. pylori negative and 84 were H. pylori positive. H. pylori antigens in the gastric mucosa were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: The H. pylori positive group, comprised 12 of 22 (50.0%) in the chronic superficial gastritis group, 22 of 25 (88.0%) in the precancerous changes group and 13 of 35 (37.1%) in the gastric cancer group. The positive rates of H. pylori antigens in the cytoplasm progressively increased, respectively at 0.0% (0/12),63.6% (14/22) and 84.6% (11/13) for the same groups (χ2=19.76, P=0.000); H.pylori antigens were located in the mucus layer and above the neck of the mucosal gland in 9 of 12 (75.0%) cases with chronic superficial gastritis, at the neck of the mucosal gland and the isthmus in 12 of 22 (54.5%) cases with precancerous changes, below the isthmus in 9 of 13 (69.2%) cases with gastric cancer (x2=25.30, P=0.000). In the H. pylori negative group, no H.pylori antigen was observed. Conclusion: With the progression of chronic superficial gastritis→precancerous changes→gastric cancer, H. pylori antigens progressively migrated from the outer part to the inner part of the cell, and from the superficial to the deep gastric mucosa.     

Distribution of<Emphasis Type="Italic">H. pylori</Emphasis> antigens in gastric mucosa and its significance

Objective: To investigate the distribution ofH. pylori antigens in the gastric mucosa in patients withH. pylori infection, and the relationship between the distribution and gastric cancer. Methods: Of 112 patients confirmed by pathological study to have chronic superficial gastritis, precancerous changes (chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia or atypical hyperplasia) and gastric cancer, 28 wereH. pylori negative and 84 wereH. pylori positive.H. pylori antigens in the gastric mucosa were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: TheH. pylori positive group, comprised 12 of 22 (50.0%) in the chronic superficial gastritis group, 22 of 25 (88.0%) in the precancerous changes group and 13 of 35 (37.1%) in the gastric cancer group. The positive rates ofH. pylori antigens in the cytoplasm progressively increased, respectively at 0.0% (0/12), 63.6% (14/22) and 84.6% (11/13) for the same groups (χ ²=19.76,P=0.000);H. pylori antigens were located in the mucus layer and above the neck of the mucosal gland in 9 of 12 (75.0%) cases with chronic superficial gastritis, at the neck of the mucosal gland and the isthmus in 12 of 22 (54.5%) cases with precancerous changes, below the isthmus in 9 of 13 (69.2%) cases with gastric cancer (χ ²=25.30,P=0.000). In theH. pylori negative group, noH. pylori antigen was observed. Conclusion: With the progression of chronic superficial gastritis→precancerous changes→gastric cancer,H. pylori antigens progressively migrated from the outer part to the inner part of the cell, and from the superficial to the deep gastric mucosa.     

Distribution of H.pylori antigens in gastric mucosa and its significance

INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) was grouped as a class I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 1994. A direct relation be-tween H.pylori infection and gastric carcinogenesis was demonstrated in 1998 in an experimental animal model (Watanabe et al., 1998). However, the role of H.pylori in human gastric carcinogenesis is sup-ported almost exclusively by epidemiological data and prospective histopathological studies. So far the mechanism of H.pylor…     

Suppressing progress of pancreatitis through selective inhibition of NF-κB activation by using NAC

Objective: To explore the characteristics of NF-κB activation in the progress of pancreatitis, the relationship with expression of TNF-α in the inflammatory reaction, and prevent the exacerbation of pancreatitis by using NAC. Method: Forty-eight rats were divided into three groups: therapy (group C), pancreatitis (group B) and control (group A). NAC served as the inhibitor of NF-κB activation. In the time intervals of 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0 hour, NF-κB activation was detected with flow cytometry (FCM) and the expression of TNF-α mRNA and protein with in situ hybridization (ISH) and enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) respectively. Meanwhile, the level of lipase and amylase in the serum was assayed and the pathological change was evaluated. Result: NF-κB activation in the pancreatitis group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01), peaked at 3 hours, and was depressed by the inhibitor of NF-κB, NAC. The expression of TNF-α as well as the level of lipase and amylase in the serum also rose synchronously with activation of NF-κB. In contrast to group A, it was significantly different (P<0.01) in group B. After using NAC in group C, all of these values were decreased and the inflammatory reaction in the pancreas abated evidently. The pathology changes of the pancreas were shown to be alleviated in group C. Conclusion: First, NF-κB activity is intensively initiated in the course of pancreatitis and shown to have closely relationship with the release of cytokines. Second, use of NAC markedly depressed NF-κB activation. TNF-α expression is down regulated by cytokines. It is suggested that NAC probably acts as a useful agent for treatment of pancreatitis by indirectly inhibiting activation of NF-κB.     

RhoC和MMP-9蛋白在结直肠癌中的表达及意义

探讨RhoC和基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)蛋白在结直肠癌发生发展中的作用。选取新鲜结直肠癌标本作为实验组,正常新鲜结肠粘膜组织作为对照组,应用流式细胞术分别检测RhoC和MMP-9的表达,检测其在不同临床病理特征之间的关系。结果表明,RhoC和MMP-9在结直肠癌组织中高表达(P<0.05),且其表达均与Dukes分期、浸润深度及炎细胞浸润相关(P<0.05),MMP-9的表达与结直肠癌的淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05),RhoC和MMP-9在结直肠癌中的表达呈正相关(r=0.3430,P=0.0420)。流式细胞术联合检测RhoC和MMP-9蛋白的表达有望成为判断预后的重要指标。     

慢性胃炎、异型增生和胃癌组织中bax、iNOS表达与幽门螺杆菌感染的关系

目的：探讨不同胃粘膜病变组织中bax基因蛋白、诱导型NO合酶（iNOS）的表达及其与幽门螺杆菌（HP）感染相关性。方法：选取我院2002～2004年102例胃粘膜组织标本及患者血清。其中慢性胃炎15例,异型增生22例,胃癌65例。应用免疫组化检测上述组织的bax、iNOS表达,应用组织切片革兰染色和酶联免疫法分别检测组织中的HP及血清HP抗体。结果：在慢性胃炎、异型增生、胃癌组织中HP的检出率分别为：7/15（46.7%）、15/22（68.2%）34/65（52.3%）。且上述各组中bax、iNOS的表达与HP感染存在正相关性。不同胃粘膜病变组织中,HP阳性组bax、iNOS阳性表达率显著高于HP阴性组。结论：bax、iNOS的表达与HP感染密切相关,HP可能通过NO的诱导及bax调控使细胞增值加速和凋亡异常而参与胃癌的发生、发展过程。     

Sodium arsenite reduces severity of dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in rats

The histopathological features and the associated clinical findings of ulcerative colitis (UC) are due to persistent inflammatory response in the colon mucosa. Interventions that suppress this response benefit UC patients. We tested whether sodium arsenite (SA) benefits rats with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-colitis. The DSS-colitis was induced by 5% DSS in drinking water. SA (10 mg/kg; intraperitoneally) was given 8 h before DSS treatment and then every 48 h for 3 cycles of 7,14 or 21 d. At the end of each cycle rats were sacrificed and colon sections processed for histological examination. DSS induced diarrhea, loose stools, hemoccult positive stools, gross bleeding, loss of body weight, loss of epithelium, crypt damage, depletion of goblet cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells. The severity of these changes increased ir the order of Cycles 1,2 and 3. Treatment of rats with SA significantly reduced this severity and improved the weight gain.     

Morphological and pathologic changes of experimental chronic atrophic gastritis （CAG） and the regulating mechanism of protein expression in rats

INTRODUCTION In 1998 gastrointestinal pathologists reached aconsensus on the definition of chronic atrophic gas- tritis (CAG), which was described as programmed loss of gastric gland and/or replacement by intestinal glands in gastric mucosa. CAG was recognized to be closely related with development of gastric cancer and listed as precancerous lesions in this meeting (Genta, 1998). According to Correa (1992)’s cascade of gas-tric carcinogenesis, gastric cancer was believed to develop fr…     

鼻息肉上皮中血管活性肠肽和P物质表达的初步研究

目的:探讨人鼻息肉组织中SP和VIP的表达及意义.方法:采用HE染色、PAS染色和免疫组化方法检测人鼻息肉组织的病理变化及SP和VIP表达.结果:鼻息肉黏膜均有不同程度的改变,实验组与对照组相比基膜明显增厚(P＜0.01);A、C组差别显著(P＜0.05).实验组黏液腺面积与对照组相比差别显著(P＜0.01).SP和VIP免疫反应阳性结构均呈棕黄色,二者在实验组与对照组分布相似.SP阳性纤维分布于血管、腺体周围,可见散在的圆形或椭圆型阳性细胞,部分黏膜下腺体上皮细胞也呈SP阳性;但实验组阳性纤维和细胞明显稀疏.VIP阳性纤维和细胞位于黏膜腺体、血管周围以及部分黏膜上皮和黏膜下腺上皮细胞胞质中,但实验组中VIP阳性纤维着色较深,密度增加.结论:SP和VIP在鼻息肉形成中具有重要的作用.     

718例纤维胃镜活检组织检查结果

本文通过718例纤维胃镜活检组织险查结果表明,胃病的发病情况慢性浅表性胃炎>慢性萎缩性胃炎>胃溃疡>胃息肉>糜烂性胃炎>胃癌,其中以慢性浅表性胃炎患病率最高占55%。胃镜与病理诊断符合率81.06%,男女比为3:1。浅表性胃炎的程度越重合并病变越多,对中度以上不典型增生的高危人群应定期检查,以便及时治疗。     

Mechanism of acute pancreatitis complicated with injury of intestinal mucosa barrier

Acute pancreatitis （AP） is a common acute abdomen in clinic with a rapid onset and dangerous pathogenetic condition AP can cause an injury of intestinal mucosa barrier, leading to translocation of bacteria or endotoxin through multiple routes, bacterial translocation （BT）, gutorigin endotoxaemia, and secondary infection of pancreatic tissue, and then cause systemic inflammatory response syndrome （SIRS） or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome （MODS）, which are important factors influencing AP＇s severity and mortality. Meanwhile, the injury of intestinal mucosa barrier plays a key role in AP＇s process. Therefore, it is clinically important to study the relationship between the injury of intestinal mucosa barrier and AP. In addition, many factors such as microcirculation disturbance, ischemical reperfusion injury, excessive release of inflammatory mediators and apoptosis may also play important roles in the damage of intestinal mucosa barrier. In this review, we summarize studies on mechanisms of AP.     

65例膀胱粘膜白斑患者术前心理干预的随机对照研究

目的探讨心理干预对膀胱粘膜白斑患者术前心理状况的影响。方法 65例膀胱粘膜白斑患者随机分为心理干预组(33例)和对照组(32例),采用症状自评量表SCL-90评定心理状况。结果心理干预组经治疗后与治疗前比较焦虑、抑郁等因子显著下降;而对照组则下降不明显;心理干预治疗后,心理干预组与对照组比较焦虑、抑郁等因子显著下降。但两组与常模比较,焦虑、抑郁等因子仍显著增高。结论心理干预对膀胱粘膜白斑患者的心理状况有改善作用。     

速止对鼻息肉摘除术后治疗作用的观察

目的 :探讨速止对鼻息肉摘除术后的止血疗效。方法 :对 46例 (3 0例双侧 )鼻息肉手术患者术后应用速止 0 4静脉滴注 ,并与 2 0例 (9例双侧 )鼻息肉应用止血敏滴注作对照 ,观察术后抽除纱条鼻出血情况。结果 :46例中显效 5 9侧 (77 6 3 %) ,有效 1 5侧 (1 9 74%) ,无效 2侧 (2 6 3 %) ,总有效率 97 3 7%。止血效果与对照组相比 p <0 0 5 ,差异有显著性。结论 :速止具有能够更迅速、疗效更确切的止血 ,可作鼻息肉术后常规用药。     

Effects of dexamethasone and Salvia miltiorrhiza on multiple organs in rats with severe acute pancreatitis

Objective: To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of action of dexamethasone and Salvia miltiorrhiza on multiple organs in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods: The rats were divided into sham-operated, model control, dexamethasone treated, and Salvia miltiorrhiza treated groups. At 3, 6, and 12 h after operation, the mortality rate of different groups, pathological changes, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) protein expression levels in multiple organs (the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and lungs), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) protein levels (only in the liver), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) protein levels (only in the lung), and terminal deoxynucleotidy transferase mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining expression levels, as well as the serum contents of amylase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (CREA) were observed. Results: The mortality rate of the dexamethasone treated group was significantly lower than that of the model control group (P<0.05). The pathological changes in multiple organs in the two treated groups were relieved to different degrees (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively), the expression levels of Bax and NF-κB proteins, and apoptotic indexes of multiple organs were reduced (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). The contents of amylase, GPT, GOT, BUN, and CREA in the two treated groups were significantly lower than those in model control groups (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). The expression level of ICAM-1 protein in the lungs (at 3 and 12 h) in the dexamethasone treated group was significantly lower than that in the Salvia miltiorrhiza treated group (P<0.05). The serum contents of CREA (at 12 h) and BUN (at 6 h) of the Salvia miltiorrhiza treated group were significantly lower than those in the dexamethasone treated group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Both dexamethasone and Salvia miltiorrhiza can reduce the inflammatory reaction, regulate apoptosis, and thus protect multiple organs of rats with SAP.     

胃粘膜良恶性病变中bcl-2、bax、c-myc基因蛋白表达及意义

为探讨凋亡相关基因bcl-2、bax、c-myc在胃癌发生发展中的作用,我们采用SP免疫组织化学方法对125例胃粘膜良恶性病变标本进行bcl 2、bax、c-myc基因蛋白的检测。结果表明,bcl-2和bax在胃癌、胃炎伴肠化生和异型增生组的阳性表达率显著高于单纯胃炎组,且bcl-2的表达与胃癌分化程度有关。此实验提示bcl-2、bax和c-myc基因可能参与胃癌的发生和发展。     

Patients＇ quality of life after laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy

Objective: This study was aimed at evaluating and comparing the quality of life in patients who underwent laparo-scopic and open cholecystectomy for chronic cholecystolithiasis. Methods: The study included 25 patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC group) and 26 with open cholecystectomy (OC group). The quality of life was measured with the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GLQI) preoperatively, thereafter regularly at 2, 5, 10 and 16 weeks after the operation. Results: The mean preoperative overall GLQI scores were 112.5 and 110.3 in LC and OC group respectively (P>0.05). In the LC group, the mean overall GLQI score reduced slightly to 110.0 two weeks after the operation (P>0.05). The LC group showed significant improvement in overall score and in the aspects of symptomatology, emotional and physiological status from 5 to 16 weeks postoperatively. In the OC group, the GLQI score reduced to 102.0 two weeks after surgery (P<0.05). Significant reductions were shown in the aspects of symptomatology, physiological and social status. The GLQI scores returned to the preoperative level of 115.6 ten weeks after the operation (P>0.05). The patients experienced significant improvements of GLQI sixteen weeks after OC operation (P<0.01-0.05). Within the 10 postoperative weeks, the LC group had significantly higher GLQI scores than the OC group (P<0.05). Conclusions: LC can improve the quality of life postoperatively better and more rapidly than OC. The assessment of quality of life assessment is a valid method for measuring the effects of surgical treatment.     

旋毛虫感染小鼠肌组织的病理研究

目的：探讨旋毛虫感染小鼠肌组织的病理变化。方法：取40只昆明小鼠。用灌胃法建立轻度（L组）、重度（H组）旋毛虫感染动物模型，观察其膈肌组织的病理变化。结果：第1周时可见肌纤维变性、水肿、肌膜破坏等病理变化；肌幼虫囊包周围有较多的炎症细胞浸润。第5周时发生玻璃样变性，出现透明带。第7周时，幼虫及囊包周围开始有钙盐沉积。L组、H组两组除感染第13周外．其余时间病理变化没有观察到明显的差异。结论：感染旋毛虫后，肌组织出现变性、水肿、炎细胞浸润及幼虫囊包的钙化等病理变化，为旋毛虫病的病理检测提供有用的基础资料．     

Patients' quality of life after laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy

Objective: This study was aimed at evaluating and comparing the quality of life in patients who underwent laparo-scopic and open cholecystectomy for chronic cholecystolithiasis. Methods: The study included 25 patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC group) and 26 with open cholecystectomy (OC group). The quality of life was measured with the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GLQI) preoperatively, thereafter regularly at 2, 5, 10 and 16 weeks after the operation. Results: The mean preoperative overall GLQI scores were 112.5 and 110.3 in LC and OC group respectively (P>0.05). In the LC group, the mean overall GLQI score reduced slightly to 110.0 two weeks after the operation (P>0.05). The LC group showed significant improvement in overall score and in the aspects of symptomatology, emotional and physiological status from 5 to 16 weeks postoperatively. In the OC group, the GLQI score reduced to 102.0 two weeks after surgery (P<0.05). Significant reductions were shown in the aspects of symptomatology, physiological and social status. The GLQI scores returned to the preoperative level of 115.6 ten weeks after the operation (P>0.05). The patients experienced significant improvements of GLQI sixteen weeks after OC operation (P<0.01-0.05). Within the 10 postoperative weeks, the LC group had significantly higher GLQI scores than the OC group (P<0.05). Conclusions: LC can improve the quality of life postoperatively better and more rapidly than OC. The assessment of quality of life assessment is a valid method for measuring the effects of surgical treatment.