Cataloging the Congressional Serial Set

ABSTRACT

Many librarians question the usefulness of the traditional cataloging of difficult historic sets in a time when more and more information moves either to the Internet or is digitized outright. One of the most challenging sets to catalog is the United States Congressional Serial Set, a 14,000+ (and growing) mega serial comprised of five monographic sub-series. The Congressional Serial Set is an anomaly since it is both monographic and serial in nature. This article examines the intricacies in cataloging government publications in an electronic atmosphere using one House document in the Serial Set as a guide and examines the two commercial digitization projects currently underway.¹     

大型数字化项目的范围限定与术语辨析

首先划分大型数字化、大规模数字化、非大型数字化等数字化项目的类型,并列举各类型的相关术语。通过对术语的辨析,得出MD界定的关键为是否存在资源选择和参与MD的动机。然后从MD的开展情况入手,调查各MD项目的开展动机和资源选择标准。最后得出结论,资源选择标准是大型数字化项目必要组成部分。     

大型文献数字化项目理论框架的构建

本文着力于构建大型文献数字化项目的理论框架。从过程、技术、资源、内容组织4个维度分析并提出大型文献数字化项目的概念。按照保存、发现、传递、阅读、研究和机器处理6种功能,对大型文献数字化项目的类型进行划分。同时,归纳总结了大型文献数字化项目的性质和意义,从而明确了研究对象,为理论研究和实践操作奠定基础。     

Mass Digitization of Books

Mass digitization of the bound volumes that we generally call “books” has begun, and, thanks to the interest in Google and all that it does, it is getting widespread media attention. The Open Content Alliance (OCA), a library initiative formed after Google announced its library book digitization project, has brought library digitization projects into the public eye, even though libraries were experimenting with digitization for at least a decade. What is different today from some earlier digitization of books is not just the scale of these new initiatives, but the quality of “mass.”     

Analyzing Digital Library Initiatives: 5S Theory Perspective

This article traces the historical development of Digital Libraries (DLs), examines some DL initiatives in developed and developing countries and uses 5S Theory as a lens for analyzing the focused DLs. The analysis shows that present-day systems, in both developed and developing nations, are essentially content and user centric, with low level digitization projects in developing countries. Also, there is a lack of interoperability among the various types of DL initiatives. The article recommends investment in DL projects, digitization of print collection, as well as the development of standards that will address the problem of interoperability among the various systems.     

From Google Print to Google Book Search: The Controversial Initiative and Its Impact on Other Remarkable Digitization Projects

Google's initiative to scan and add book content into its search engine has resulted in much praise and protest. Changing its digitization project's name from Google Print to Google Book Search and adding information to its site did not keep Google out of copyright court. However, publicity surrounding this project has spawned renewed interest in book digitization projects, with collaborative efforts quickly growing. This article will look at Book Search's history, highlight how it has been altered along with its name, and point out other interesting book digitization projects that Book Search has spawned or recently brought into the limelight, such as those associated with the Internet Archive.     

图书馆信息资源数字化项目实施要素分析

在对国内外图书馆信息资源数字化项目考察的基础上,指出这类项目的实施是一个比较复杂的系统工程,其中所包括的主要要素有项目规划、数字化内容选择、数字化流程准备、数字文档保存、元数据析取、知识产权管理和项目管理。该文论述了这7大要素囊括的基本内容和实施的基本原则,并指出了研究图书馆信息资源数字化实施要素的目的在于规范项目管理,构建科学的数字化生产平台。     

Digitization of past question papers,dissertations and theses: A case study of 30 Nigerian university libraries

This paper evaluates the status of digitization in 30 Nigerian university libraries with a view to identifying the status, progress, prospects and challenges to digitize library materials and form the basis of providing a roadmap to successful execution of digitization projects. The study assessed the status of digitization of past question papers, theses and dissertations in Nigerian university libraries from May to September 2006 through a self-administered questionnaire, site visits and interviews. It was found that, though there are automation services in those universities, there is no digitization of these materials mentioned in the surveyed institutions. The major obstacles militating against digitizing in the university libraries include lack of funds, lack of appropriate facilities, lack of skilled manpower and lack of constant electricity supply. Respondents were anxious to have the services to commence because of their importance in facilitating teaching, learning and research.     

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��[Purpose/significance] In order to explore the development trend of the research on the digitization of ancient books, it makes a systematic investigation on the research status of the digitization of ancient books in China.[Method/process] By using CiteSpace software, authors and key words of the research on the digitization of ancient books in the past decade were analyzed. Also, it analyzed the main research fields and subject distribution of papers and national social science fund projects. Authors made an investigation and had an experience on the functions of the existing digital products of ancient books.[Result/conclusion] This paper summarizes 3 general characteristics and five main problems of the research of digitization of ancient books in recent ten years, and points out that the knowledge service digitization of ancient books is the inevitable trend in the future under three drives of academic inheritance, user demand and the development of information technology.     

馆藏文献数字化的原则与方法(上)

馆藏文献数字化具有保护原始文献、提高信息服务效率、利于科学研究等重要作用。拟实施的数字化工程可分为利于提高存取功能的、有助于文献保护的、便于馆藏利用的、可为其他馆藏提供背景的等等类型。不同类型工程的数字化文献类型也不同。馆藏文献数字化应当考虑其是否利于资源建设、市场效益大小、是否符合标准化要求 ,以及是否利于加强管理 ,等等。表 2。参考文献 3     

Digitization of past question papers, dissertations and theses: A case study of 30 Nigerian university libraries

This paper evaluates the status of digitization in 30 Nigerian university libraries with a view to identifying the status, progress, prospects and challenges to digitize library materials and form the basis of providing a roadmap to successful execution of digitization projects. The study assessed the status of digitization of past question papers, theses and dissertations in Nigerian university libraries from May to September 2006 through a self-administered questionnaire, site visits and interviews. It was found that, though there are automation services in those universities, there is no digitization of these materials mentioned in the surveyed institutions. The major obstacles militating against digitizing in the university libraries include lack of funds, lack of appropriate facilities, lack of skilled manpower and lack of constant electricity supply. Respondents were anxious to have the services to commence because of their importance in facilitating teaching, learning and research.     

论图书馆信息资源数字化项目成本节约

图书馆信息资源数字化需要资金的高投入,应当节约成本。其成本主要包括:数字化内容选择,数字化生产准备,元数据析出,原始文献保护,原始资源替代品生产,基础设施构建,数字转换,文本抓取等。节约成本的主要方法有:减少人力成本,项目外包,自动化,优化生产流程,强化质量管理。表2。参考文献8。     

Collaboration: Paradigm of the Digital Cultural Content Environment

ABSTRACT

Government grant-funding agencies have spawned an explosion of images from historical collections on the Internet. They have encouraged collaborative projects in which institutions share resources for capital-intensive digitization projects. These Web “exhibits” are neither publications nor exhibits in the traditional sense, most often without identified authors, curators, designers, or sources. Reviews in journal literature are one mechanism for accountability, but not all humanities journals offer exhibit reviews. In those that do, the space allocated in history and archival studies journals reveals the relative importance they place on peer review of these exhibits, compared with that for book reviews. The type of analysis in these reviews is nearly always strictly textual and does not address the interplay of text, image, and design in Web exhibits. The lack of historical context for visual sources in digital media is of concern for those in the archival, art history, and other cultural studies disciplines and professions. Sheer numbers of digitized items may be a worthy goal for textual materials; visual sources require interpretation and context to render the complexities of their meaning. Collaboration on digitization projects must go beyond financial resource sharing to include involvement of experts in content areas for visual resources.     

Dealing With Serials

Discusses the environment in which academic libraries operate. The constraints are economic and societal. Automation is a major factor. These general factors are applied to a discussion of the place of the serial in academic libraries and the ways in which serial processing might be organized. Mention is made of the future of the serial and the role that librarians can play in effecting change.     

英国档案数字化项目的经验及启示

英国的档案数字化建设项目起步较早且成果显著,在当前数字战略发展背景下,对英国档案数字化项目进行研究,对于促进我国推行档案大数据建设具有重要的参考意义。本文通过对英国档案数字化建设的典型项目Archives Inspire项目和Archives Unlocked项目进行分析,得出了英国档案数字化建设项目的主要特征为重视建设数字技术的开发与应用、注重数字人才的培养和注重数字档案资源的公开利用,并针对我国档案大数据建设现状提出了加强项目建设、加强人才培养、加强技术应用、加强法制建设等建议,以期为我国推进档案大数据建设提供新思路。     

蒙古文资源数字化共建共享保障体系研究

[目的/意义] 由于蒙古文书写特性、阅读习惯、文字排版等方面的特殊要求,蒙古文资源的数字化建设一直困扰着学术界。为了满足专家学者对蒙古文研究的热衷和用户对蒙古文资源利用的需求,从多维度对制约蒙古文资源数字化共建共享的因素进行深入分析。[方法/过程] 借鉴中外文资源的“数字资源整合”模式和“数字资源聚合”模式的资源组织方式,在多种语言组织之间建立关联关系,从多个维度探讨蒙古文资源共建共享保障体系建设,并从信息资源环境视角改造现有蒙古文资源数字化建设路径。[结果/结论] 在对蒙古文资源共建共享保障体系研究的基础上,进一步对其进行改造,提出蒙古文资源共建共享保障体系路径,并对路径进行优化,为蒙古文资源数字化建设实践提供切实可行的参考和借鉴。     

Charles Dickens’ David Copperfield as Information Object: A Case Study of Serial Literature in the Victorian World of Documents

ABSTRACT

Documents reflect the historical contexts of their creation, and in doing so, become information objects. The serial novel is a type of information object, but due to re-editioning, reversioning, and digitization, most readers have lost touch with its historical significance. This analysis of Charles Dickens’ David Copperfield (1849–1850) uses the lens of information theory, in relation to literary criticism, historiography, and the history of the book, to grasp the serial novel as an information object, arguing that doing so requires intimate familiarity with the physical nature of the book in parts and the historical context of its production.