在数学概念教学中体现探究式学习

数学概念是形成数学知识体系的基础 ,让学生学好、用好数学概念是我校数学实验课题第二阶段的目标之一 ,也是提高学生素质的重要途径之一。但数学概念是比较抽象的 ,而中低年级学生的思维以具体形象思维为主 ,抽象思维很弱。根据这种情况 ,在教学数学概念时 ,我努力转变教育教学理念 ,采用让学生主动学习、自主发展的“探究式”学习方法 ,让学生通过一系列的科学探究活动去发现科学结论。一、创设有趣的、具有探究性的学习情景。在教学“人民币的认识”时 ,我根据低年级学生年龄小 ,生活经验少 ,对新鲜事物很敏感 ,容易产生好奇心等特点 ,课…     

Personalizing context in teaching mathematical concepts: Teacher-managed and computer-assisted models

The present paper examines a strategy intended to facilitate mathematics learning by adapting the context of instructional material to students’ backgrounds and interests. In four validation studies, the strategy was implemented through teacher management, using college students learning statistical probability rules as subjects. Achievement and attitude outcomes consistently favored treatment groups who received the adaptive contexts over control groups. The culmination of this research is the development of a computer-assisted model to increase the strategy’s practicality and sensitivity to learner differences. The computer model uses stored information about each student to personalize explanations and story examples on a fractions unit.     

Nanotechnology applications as a context for teaching the essential concepts of NST

The goals of this study are to map applications of nanotechnology that are recommended to be taught in high-school science and to identify the ‘need-to-know’ essential nanoscale science and technology (NST) concepts for each of the selected nanotechnology applications. A Delphi study using a community of experts was used to address these goals. Five nanotechnology applications that should be taught in high-school science were found to be important and reached a consensus by the Delphi-study experts: (1) nanomedicine, (2) nanoelectronics, (3) photovoltaic cells, (4) nanobots, and (5) self-cleaning. It was found that teaching these five nanotechnology applications should be based on all seven NST concepts, and therefore, these applications can be used as an appealing context for teaching the essential NST concepts. The different recommendations between the two communities of experts emphasize the importance of involving teachers and scientists in the process of designing a scientific curriculum. Identifying the applications of nanotechnology that should be taught in high-school science and identifying the connections between the applications and the essential NST concepts constitute an important step that supports designing a context-based nanotechnology program before it is integrated into a high-school science curriculum.     

The number line as a teaching aid

The number line is often recommended as an aid for the teaching of whole number addition and subtraction. The possible stages in young children's use of the aid are described, as is their ultimate outgrowing of this aid.Number line diagrams are also used in diagnostic and achievement test items to assess the understanding of whole number addition. This practice is discussed and criticised with the aid of the empirical findings of the second NAEP. Finally the wider role of number line diagrams in mathematics teaching is outlined.     

关于高校动画专业教学改革的探究

近年来,随着动漫产业的迅速发展,对动画专业人才提出了数量与质量的更高要求。如何培养动画专业人才,是每个高校必须认真思考与探索的一个问题,本文笔者从高校动画专业人才培养目标的出发,探讨在实际的教学过程中,如何进行动画专业教学改革。     

Animation as an Aid to Multimedia Learning

How can animation be used to promote learner understanding of scientific and mathematical explanations? In this review, we examine the role of animation in multimedia learning (including multimedia instructional messages and microworld games), present a cognitive theory of multimedia learning, and summarize our program of research, which has yielded seven principles for the use of animation in multimedia instruction. These include the multimedia principle (present animation and narration rather than narration alone), spatial contiguity principle (present on-screen text near rather than far from corresponding animation), temporal contiguity principle (present corresponding animation and narration simultaneously rather than successively), coherence principle (exclude extraneous words, sounds, and video), modality principle (present animation and narration rather than animation and on-screen text), redundancy principle (present animation and narration rather than animation, narration, and on-screen text), and personalization principle (present words in conversational rather than formal style). Animation can promote learner understanding when used in ways that are consistent with the cognitive theory of multimedia learning.     

The mediation of tools in the development of formal mathematical concepts: The compass and the circle as an example

This study focuses on the process by which children develop a formal mathematical concept of the circle by using various instruments to draw circles within the context of a goal-directed drawing task. Particular attention was given to the transition from using tracers and templates to using a compass for drawing circles and to the extent to which the use of different drawing instruments may contribute to the formation of a formally defined mathematical concept of the circle. The critical difference considered in the study is that the compass, in contrast to circle-drawing tracers or templates, induces by its physical structure and its functional use the generative features of formal mathematical concepts of the circle, that is, the centre and the radius. Analysis of the empirical data indicates that the use of the compass in circle drawing structures the circle-drawing operation in a radically different fashion than circle tracers and templates, and brings into play an action-bound practical thinking. Such thinking has an overall positive influence on the construction of analytical concepts by children that are analogous to the formally defined mathematical concepts of the circle. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

动漫产业发展路径探讨——以合肥动漫产业为例

发展创意产业,是每一个国家和地区实现跨越式发展的重要路径,动漫行业作为创意产业的一个方面,仍然步履艰难。以合肥动漫产业为例,动漫产业必须找准产业目标定位、提高产品创新意识、加强产业集群建设、加大创新型人才培养、注重商业推广环节,走出一条自主创新的发展之路。     

从一节优秀课谈数学教学中的情感调控

情感，作为人对客观事物的态度，是人的需要和客观事物之间的关系的反映。人的认识活动与人的情感紧密联系，进行情感教学不仅可以促进和补偿学生的智力活动，提高教学质量，而且对培养良好的个性，提高人的素质有着重要的意义。前不久，笔者听了一节数学优秀课《商不变的规律》。这节课之所以成功，其中一个重要原因是教师实施了合理的情感调控，充分发挥了情感信息功能，成功调动了全体学生主动学习的积极性。整节课有矛盾的困扰，有紧张的沉思，有不服气的争辩，更有问题解决后的欢欣，情感的彩带贯穿于教学的始终。数学是一门美感性很强…     

Toward a framework for the development of mathematical knowledge for teaching

Shulman (1986, 1987) coined the term pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) to address what at that time had become increasingly evident—that content knowledge itself was not sufficient for teachers to be successful. Throughout the past two decades, researchers within the field of mathematics teacher education have been expanding the notion of PCK and developing more fine-grained conceptualizations of this knowledge for teaching mathematics. One such conceptualization that shows promise is mathematical knowledge for teaching—mathematical knowledge that is specifically useful in teaching mathematics. While mathematical knowledge for teaching has started to gain attention as an important concept in the mathematics teacher education research community, there is limited understanding of what it is, how one might recognize it, and how it might develop in the minds of teachers. In this article, we propose a framework for studying the development of mathematical knowledge for teaching that is grounded in research in both mathematics education and the learning sciences.

沙盘教具在中学生物学教学中的应用

常见的沙盘是根据地形图、航拍照片或实地勘测情况,按一定的比例关系,用泥沙、小道具（如动物,植物等）和其他材料堆制的模型。沙盘分为简易沙盘和永久性沙盘两种,简易沙盘是用泥沙和可以移动的小道具组成。其特点是制作简单,可以自由堆塑沙型,自由摆放道具;永久性沙盘常用塑性材料,如泡沫塑料、石膏等材料制作,可以长期保存。     

以宫崎骏动画作品为例探讨中国民间美术动漫化方法

中国民间艺术是中华几千年优秀文化的积淀,寄托了广大人民群众的对美好生活企盼,其原生态的、大巧若拙的形式是老百姓对客观世界的真实感知与内心诉求的表达。宫崎骏是享有盛誉的日本动画大师,其动画多以日本传统文化民俗故事为蓝本,但并不是对古老民间故事的原版照搬,而是对其改造后重新创作。基于文化上的同源性和相似性,研究与学习日本动画大师对于传统文化的吸收与借鉴将极大促进我国民间艺术动漫画的创作。     

数学模型与数学实验教学改革探索

数学模型与数学实验教学如何适应现代数学科学的迅猛发展,满足社会对高素质数学人才的需求,是高等理工科院校共同面临的课题。从教学观念的改变、教学内容的更新、教学模式的优化以及教学考核机制的完善等方面进行研讨,主旨在为数学模型与数学实验教学改革探索有效的解决途径。     

Optimising the use of note-taking as an external cognitive aid for increasing learning

Taking notes is of uttermost importance in academic and commercial use and success. Different techniques for note-taking utilise different cognitive processes and strategies. This experimental study examined ways to enhance cognitive performance via different note-taking techniques. By comparing performances of traditional, linear style note-taking with alternative non-linear technique, we aimed to examine the efficiency and importance of different ways of taking notes. Twenty-six volunteer adult learners from an information management course participated in this study. Cognitive performance scores from a traditional linear note-taking group were compared with another group by using a commercially available non-linear note-taking technique. Both groups were tested in two settings: after a classroom lecture and a panel forum discussion. Tasks included measures on story comprehension, memory, complexity of mental representations and metacognitive skills. Data analysis revealed that the non-linear note-takers were significantly better than the linear group both in terms of the quantity and the quality of the learned material. This study demonstrates the importance of using cognitively compatible note-taking techniques. It identifies the cognitive mechanisms behind effective note-taking and knowledge representation. Using such techniques enables deeper understanding and more integrated knowledge management.     

Strategic competence for multistep fraction word problems: an overlooked aspect of mathematical knowledge for teaching

Educational Studies in Mathematics - Prior work on teachers’ mathematical knowledge has contributed to our understanding of the important role of teachers’ knowledge in teaching and...     

论数学概念的教学

在数学学习中，数学概念不清，学生在进行计算，证明，交流、推理时都会出现极大困难，然而，由于不少学生在以抽象思维能力为主的数学能力等诸多因素上的差异，导致了数学概念这个重点同时又成了数学教学的难点，本文从探讨数学概念教学困难的原因，数学概念的学习机制入手，为的是找出更加有效的教学策略，以促进数学课堂教学改革，实现高效教学。