传播研究范式与中国传播学的发展

本文通过对范式概念的辨析,将目前学界公认的三种传播研究范式———社会科学研究、诠释研究以及批判研究———进行梳理;并结合中国的社会历史语境,探讨这三种研究范式在我国的发展状况;最后针对传播学多元范式并存的现状,提出要正确理解范式之间的张力,避免其负面影响,以促进我国传播学的发展。     

论竞争情报观

竞争情报的崛起顺应了世界经济的发展趋势,是人类由信息化向智能化发展的重要征兆,将对世界经济发展与社会进步产生重大影响.广大情报工作者能否把握这一发展机遇,建立起适应时代发展需要的竞争情报工作新模式和新理论,首先需要树立现代竞争情报观,正确地认识竞争情报,积极开展竞争情报工作,创造出巨大的情报增值.     

Communication and our environment: Categorizing research in environmental advocacy

Marketplace advocacy campaigns often arise in response to burgeoning societal concerns, especially those faced by energy industries. These campaigns may be launched by a single sponsor or by an industry trade group representing the collective interests of the industry sector. Using focus groups, this research explored how lay audiences with little knowledge of the topic being advocated responded to similar energy-focused marketplace advocacy messages when presented by a corporation versus an industry trade group, research which has potentially significant implications for how corporations allocate communication resources as well as for environmental groups attempting to combat certain industry initiatives. Specifically, this study explored audience response to marketplace advocacy messages when communicated via a corporation versus an industry trade group in two common contexts: (1) ads designed to build support for an industry category and (2) ads designed to build support for a specific, controversial industry initiative. Findings were analyzed through theoretical frameworks in persuasion knowledge and attribution theory. A model is introduced that integrates these perceptions and highlights the study's key findings.     

Communication of research to practice in library and information science: Closing the gap

A widely held concern in library and information science (LIS) is that the relationship between research and practice, and particularly the communication of research to practice, is flawed. Through critical analysis of the literature, the authors examine the nature of the gap between research and practice, strategies to reduce the gap, and research on the effectiveness of the strategies. Eleven types of gap are identified: knowledge, culture, motivation, relevance, immediacy, publication, reading, terminology, activity, education, and temporal. Strategies proposed in the literature emphasize ways to increase practitioner research activity and to close the publications gap. Only one of the proposed strategies, inclusion of research reports in practitioner publications, is supported by research. The authors propose further research to evaluate this and other strategies based on recognition of a wider range of channels for communication of research to practice and the role of intermediaries between researchers and practitioners.     

Affirming our commitment to research: the Medical Library Association's research policy statement: the process and findings

Purpose: Building on its 1995 research policy statement, the Medical Library Association (MLA) has issued a new research policy, The Research Imperative. This paper shares the background research that informed the new policy.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with fifty-one key informants representing various library types, functions, geographic locations, ages, and ethnicities. The grounded theory approach was used to analyze the resulting textual database. Additionally, to gather input from the membership as a whole, two open forums were held at MLA annual meetings.Results: Key informant data indicated that the policy should provide roles for MLA in leadership, advocacy, collaboration, services, education, publishing, and development of a research agenda. Evidence-based library and information practice was emphasized. Six themes emerged to center the new policy: creation of a research culture, challenges, domains of research, research skills set, roles of stakeholders, and measurement of progress.Conclusion: Reflecting the interests and beliefs of the membership, The Research Imperative challenges MLA members to build a supportive culture that values and contributes to a research base that is recognized as an essential tool for future practice.

Highlights

• The Research Imperative reaffirms the Medical Library Association''s (MLA''s) commitment to research and emphasizes the need to develop health sciences librarianship''s own knowledgebase as a solid foundation for best practices.
• Informants described a growing recognition that health sciences librarians should base their practice decisions on evidence just as the health care practitioners and researchers they serve should.
• A research process that gathered data systematically from the membership guided the policy''s development.
• Members expect the association to monitor progress toward its research goals and report on it annually.

Implications

• The Research Imperative challenges the association and its members to build a culture of reflective practice in which the profession''s evidence base is routinely used.
• To advance the vision articulated in its research policy, MLA must lead by inculcating research throughout the association, identifying a research agenda, advocating for improved access to and support of library and information science research, fostering collaborations, and educating members to better use and conduct their own applied research.
• MLA should leverage its Center of Research and Education (CORE) as a repository for member-generated research, tools, and datasets.

     

Straddling the humanities and social sciences: The research process of music scholars

Few research projects have focused on the information needs of the music scholar. What is known about the information needs of the music scholar has been gathered through large-scale studies of various humanistic disciplines. This article describes a six-stage model of the music scholar’s research process. The model was constructed contextually through interviews with 30 music scholars who were asked to describe a recently completed research project. Research activities pertaining to specific stages in the research process are identified and described. This study compares existing models of the research process of other humanities scholars and explores the implications for library and information science professionals.     

Communication research on a broader age: An introduction to the special forum on funded research in communication

This essay introduces the special forum on funded research in communication. It briefly discusses the relationship of funded research with theoretical and methodological development in the communication discipline and the impact of receiving grant support on the professional life of an academic and on collegiality, resources, and university recognition for a department of communication. It also addresses the potential impact of funded research for strengthening the role and visibility of the communication discipline in the social sciences, and for increasing the impact of communication scholarship on policy.     

Communication research on a broader age: An introduction to the special forum on funded research in communication

This essay introduces the special forum on funded research in communication. It briefly discusses the relationship of funded research with theoretical and methodological development in the communication discipline and the impact of receiving grant support on the professional life of an academic and on collegiality, resources, and university recognition for a department of communication. It also addresses the potential impact of funded research for strengthening the role and visibility of the communication discipline in the social sciences, and for increasing the impact of communication scholarship on policy.     

Communication research in Hong Kong: Problematics,discoveries and directions 1

This paper first analyses the communication research environment in Hong Kong in regard to its socio‐political context, the media industry and more direct factors such as research freedom, financial‐institutional support, incentives, size and quality of trained personnel While the overall environment is facilitative, the small size of the research community in Hong Kong is limiting the volume of research output and scope of specialization. In reviewing researches in the last decade, it is found that commercial researches are generally more concerned about opinion distribution and media consumption. Government policy researches‐centre around media evaluations, preferences, programme standards and other regulatory issues. Academics pay most attention to political communication, international communication and, less so, information technology. As to future research, the author argues for more frequent use of longitudinal and comparative methods, the search for an original theoretical contribution to communication, an urban research agenda in development communication, the study of dependent communication development, interaction between mass media and political formation, regional cultural integration, advertising, media management, information technology and policy. The establishment of a communication policy forum is also called for to promote exchanges among academics, policy‐makers, media practitioners and interest groups. The expansion of the research community in Hong Kong hinges on successful faculty recruitment, the establishment of a doctoral communication programme and the relief of some staffs teaching overload.     

中国古代档案保护思想探折

中国现存的历史档案有3000余万卷之巨,由档案转化而来的古籍则数不胜数.如此多的文献典籍历尽沧桑而流传至今,主观上与我国历代统治者都十分重视对档案的收藏和保护有关,客观上与我国具有悠久历史的古代档案保护技术不无关系.我国古代的档案保护技术从总体上说比较发达,内容也很丰富.从档案库房的建筑到有害生物的防治,从档案管理制度的发展到装订和修复技术的逐渐完善……,无不凝结着我国古代劳动人民的智慧.本文拟通过对中国古代档案保护技术方法的总结,探究其所蕴含和可能蕴含的思想.     

数字图书馆的管理理念

信息化环境的形成、数字化技术在图书馆的应用促使图书馆的管理理念发生了较大的变化。文章论述了数字图书馆管理应该吸收、借鉴现代管理理论发展的成果,树立集成管理、大图书馆管理、创新管理理念。     

档案收集工作理念探索

档案收集工作是档案工作的起点,为档案工作提供实际的管理对象,是档案工作中一项极为重要的基础性工作,是贯彻档案集中统一管理原则的重要内容和首要措施,对于整个档案工作的质量有着重要的影响.     

审稿中提升刊稿学术质量的实践——以《电机与控制学报》为例

结合《电机与控制学报》的审稿工作实践,运用数据库、搜索引擎、检索平台等网络资源,探讨稿件学术质量的提升办法,分析准确、客观评价稿件学术质量的基础和编辑技能;介绍在保证刊发稿件的创新性、真实性和可读性的前提下,提高稿件学术质量的做法。     

创新服务观念,改进高校图书馆服务工作

本文从多个角度阐述了服务是图书馆的天职，并就如何创新服务观念，改进图书馆的服务工作提出了自己的观点。     

语料库资源共享平台建设构想

随着信息技术的迅速发展和网络技术的普及,语料库得到了快速发展,不同类型的语料库和语料库工具的开发为语料库资源共享提供了广阔的空间.文章通过对语料库共享平台建设现状以及建设必要性的分析,提出由图书馆起主导作用的语料库资源共享平台建设的设想.