社会科课程中的公民教育新取向及其教学策略

公民资质传递的观点蕴涵着对\"公民\"概念的基本理解。分别强调社会科学的学习、决策能力的培养和批判思考的养成等三种公民教育取向,在社会科课程中占据了越来越重要的位置。在全球化的背景下,公民资格已经演绎成为一个多维度的概念,公民资格逐步从民族国家拓展到全球社会,从单一的宪政意义上的法律概念演变成为一个以法律、政治为核心的多维度概念;公民权责作为公民资格的核心逐步从单一强调公民责任发展成为强调公民权责的平衡。     

公民阅读课程的探索与开发

公民阅读课程通过编制适合学生身心发展特点尤其是道德发展规律和特点的阅读材料,并进行适当指导,使学生提升公民角色认知、拓展公民知识视野、强化公民意识。公民阅读课程开发应基于文学启蒙理念以及对公民素质内涵和结构的理解。     

社会科课程体系中的历史教育

历史知识及方法关乎人们认识自我和社会的深度,关乎公民教育的质量,以至凡涉及人的权利、义务、道德、态度、价值观等教育内容时,历史知识及方法就成了理解人、社会和人的精神世界的核心内容之一。我们之所以为人,除了历史成就的人文文化外,还因我们有推进自己的历史不断文明且更具智慧、更有道德、更为人道主义的愿望和能力。公民教育正是依靠这种愿望和能力养成有知识、有道德、负责任的公民。因此,与其说社会科教育需要包含历史教育——作为人的基本的知识素养,不如说公民教育要求社会科必备良好的历史教育——作为现代公民所必需的、与现代意识养成密切关联的一整套观念体系的核心部分。     

On the Teaching of Grammar

Abstract

Globalization significantly influences the very notion of citizenship that is no longer universally seen as only a nation-related concept. Therefore, the discourse of global citizenship is getting more attention in programmatic educational texts and curricula. This study investigates how teachers use the conceptual framework of global citizenship in the social studies classroom, and what curricular devices and pedagogies social studies teachers use to address aspects of global citizenship. The study demonstrated that social studies teachers frequently use information about international issues in their classrooms, and there is a tendency to incorporate global and international perspectives into citizenship education. However, educators need more rigorous assistance to teach emerging types of citizenship. The study demonstrates that despite the fact that participants rarely use the term global citizenship in their instruction, they provide rationales that correspond to the notion of global citizenship.     

疫情之下的公民品格教育

2020年的全民抗疫,既是对公民品格的检验,也是公民品格生成的现场。所以,我们必须利用这一特殊现场,上好公民教育这一大课。公民是个体性与公共性的统一。公民的个体性使公民区别于臣民,具有独立人格、权利意识、义务意识、自由意识、法治意识;公民的公共性使公民区别于私民,具有公共意识、公共伦理、公共理性、公共责任和公共参与。公民的公共性由处理人与人之间的社会关系扩展到处理人与自然的关系,由此使公民增添了生态公民的身份,具有生态意识。抗疫中公民所表现出来的品格状态,为我们加强新时代公民道德建设,提升公民道德素质,提出了现实的要求和参照点。     

Citizenship with Chinese Characteristics?An Investigation into Chinese University Students'Civic Perceptions and Civic Participation

Citizenship is a complex and multidimensional concept. There has been a tendency to compare traditions of citizenship in the West with those in the East, captured by a stereotype that depicts the West as individualistic and the East as collectivist. The purpose of this study is to investigate what kind of citizenship is exhibited by Chinese university students, including both their civic perception and their civic participation. Using a recently developed distinction between thin and thick citizenship, the findings from both quantitative and qualitative data analysed in this study reveal that Chinese university students tend towards thin citizenship, as they demonstrate positive civic attitudes yet lack strong evidence of participatory citizenship. The paper also discusses the impact of Confucian and other Chinese traditional value systems on typical views of citizenship held by Chinese students, and offers the suggestion that the citizenship education curriculum should incorporate experiential learning.     

‘Freedom can only exist in an ordered state’: harmony and civic education in Singapore

This paper uses the concept of stories of peoplehood to examine how the Singapore government has constructed a story of harmony and to consider how this story has influenced two important school subjects focused on civic education: Social Studies and Character and Citizenship Education. Stories of peoplehood, including constitutive, economic and political power stories, play a central role in the political project of people-making which involves defining the nature of membership in a political community and promoting a collective political identity. This study provides an alternative way of conceptualizing the goals and curriculum content of civic education and it also offers an example of how a nation state with a strong Confucian tradition has chosen to address the educational goal of living together through the promotion of values such as social cohesion and community relationships within a story of harmony. The study also shows how Singapore political leaders construct a narrow and limited discourse of harmony within the curricula and use it to legitimize policies that privilege particular groups, limit political freedoms, marginalize groups with less power or status, and circumscribe the kinds of actions a citizen can legitimately take.     

Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi in the 1990s: Implications for Today's Multicultural Classrooms

Abstract

If the definitions of global citizenship are varied and contestable, how do teachers conceptualize and make meaning of global citizenship when required to teach global citizenship in the classroom? For this study, twenty-nine grade six social studies teachers in British Columbia, Canada, were surveyed on their definitions of global citizenship with a focus on active participation. Their responses indicated a belief in active citizenship, civic global responsibility, community service, and making change in the world; however, the focus of their student work in global citizenship was often limited to treating the symptoms of global inequalities, thus ignoring our interdependencies. Consequently, this article suggests that a more critical approach to global citizenship needs to be articulated in curriculum documents and promoted in schools.     

Educating voters: political education in Norwegian upper‐secondary schools

Research on political education in schools suggests that an emphasis on formal structure, constitutional principles, formal citizen rights, and debates on current issues is common. The Norwegian national curriculum on political education envisions a different political education emphasizing that students should be critical of political life and social structures, that they should be familiar with democratic ideals, learn how they may influence by means of various forms of political participation, and be motivated to do so. I examine whether these ambitions are realized at the classroom level. Based on qualitative interviews and classroom observations I conclude that Norwegian political education is centred on political parties and on an attempt to help students find out which party is closest to their preferences. Political education takes the form of voter training for competitive élite democracy.     

STUDENT CONSTRUCTIONS OF 'ACTIVE CITIZENSHIP': WHAT DOES PARTICIPATION MEAN TO STUDENTS?

ABSTRACT:  'Active citizenship' is currently a popular term in citizenship education policy discourse. Despite this policy interest, there is no agreement about the meaning of 'active citizenship'. This article draws on data from the IEA Civic Education Study to explore how students themselves construct 'active citizenship'. The results show that students have quite sophisticated conceptions of citizenship responsibilities although their attitudes are gendered. They seem committed to political obligations rather than social obligations and they do not seem inclined to take advantage of their political rights or become involved in protest activities of any kind.     

全球化背景下的国家认同教育

在全球化背景下,旧有的民族国家、公民身份等理念面临着许多挑战,此种挑战必然又影响到民族国家中的公民对国家的认同教育。在对全球化背景下公民观嬗变深入分析的基础上,试图提出当前公民认同教育的有关建议。     

公民教育目标的当代建构

公民教育当以培养时代公民为目标。公民是一个历史的概念,时代不同,公民的身份和素质要求不同。公民不是臣民,就在于他是一个权利主体;公民不是私民,就在于他参与公共生活。不同时代公民公共生活性质和范围不同,当代公民不仅生活在民族国家内,还生活在公民社会和全球社会中,因此,当代公民应当是权利公民、国家公民、社会公民和世界公民四重身份的统一。公民教育应该在个人生活、国家生活、社会生活、国际生活中培养具有公民知识、能力、德行、能力的复合型公民。     

对大学生实施公民教育的几点思考

公民不仅是一个法律概念,它还包含有丰富的文化内涵,公民教育应反映出这种文化内涵与时代精神的要求.高校大学生对于公民角色的认知具有诸如权利的享有者与义务的承担者的不平衡等等几大特点,这也决定了在对大学生实施公民教育的侧重点与主要途径的选择方面会有一些相应的要求.     

教育转型·人的转型·公民教育

社会转型必然伴随着教育的转型。教育的自觉转型以人的转型为核心。公民是当代中国人之转型所在,公民教育也因此成为当代中国教育转型之所在。公民教育不是政治教化,也不只是公民意识教育,而是一种以培养公民完整素质为宗旨的新的教育形态。个人主体性和公共性是公民的两个基本品质。当代公民的公共性已从传统的国家公民延伸到社会公民和世界公民。因此,当代公民需要具备个人公民、社会公民、国家公民、世界公民等多重身份,我们也必须以具备多重身份的复合型公民的要求来设计公民教育的层次与目标。     

中职生公民权责教育初探

完整的公民教育应包含公民品德教育与公民权责教育两个方面。然而,我国的公民教育长期以来只重视公民品德教育,忽视了公民权责教育,这种现象在中等职业学校中同样存在。文章阐释了公民权责教育的要义,分析了我国中职生公民教育中存在的问题,进而提出了在中等职业学校开展公民权责教育的途径和方法。