Parenting styles as predicators of anxiety and depression of in-school adolescents in Nigeria

The study investigates parenting styles as predictors of anxiety and depression in secondary school students in Edo State, Nigeria. It employed a correlation research design. Two hundred and forty students constituted the sample for the study. Parenting Style Scale questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. Linear regression was used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that parenting styles (authoritarian, authoritative and permissive) significantly predict anxiety in adolescent secondary school students in Edo State. However, parenting styles did not significantly predict depression in adolescent secondary school students in Edo State. Based on these findings it was recommended among others that school counsellors should organise seminars and create awareness among parents and students on the influence of these parenting styles on the students and professional counselling intervention programmes were recommended for professional counselling practices.     

Role of academic self-efficacy in moderating the relation between task importance and test anxiety

Emphasizing task importance, which is regarded as a way of motivating engaged behavior, may increase an individual's anxiety. The present research investigated whether academic self-efficacy could moderate the maladaptive relation between task importance and test anxiety. 1978 and 1670 Grade 9 Singaporean students participated in a survey related to their learning experience and motivational processes in math and English respectively. Results from both samples showed convergent findings that high levels of task importance were related to high levels of test anxiety, whereas high levels of academic self-efficacy were related to low levels of test anxiety. Most importantly, academic self-efficacy moderated the relation between task importance and test anxiety—the maladaptive relation between task importance and test anxiety was significantly weaker when academic self-efficacy was higher. Implications of findings are discussed.     

The role of achievement goals in online test anxiety and help-seeking

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of achievement goals in online test anxiety and help-seeking while controlling for self-efficacy and potential demographic differences. A total of 150 online students participated in the survey. Separate hierarchical regression analysis results suggested the differential roles of achievement goals in online test anxiety and help-seeking. Avoidance goals were found to be predictive of online test anxiety, whereas only students with performance-avoidance goals unexpectedly reported more online help-seeking. Further, while self-efficacy predicted both test anxiety and help-seeking, undergraduate students reported more help-seeking than their graduate counterparts. Implications and future directions of the study are discussed.     

Teacher-student relationship and mathematical problem-solving ability: mediating roles of self-efficacy and mathematical anxiety

Abstract

This study investigated the mediating roles of self-efficacy and anxiety on the effects of teacher–student relationship on mathematical problem-solving ability. A total of 1667 fifth graders from central China participated in the large-scale survey. The findings indicated that (1) teacher–student relationship had a direct and positive effect on students’ mathematical problem-solving ability; (2) the positive link between teacher–student relationship and mathematical problem-solving ability was partially mediated through self-efficacy; (3) the teacher–student relationship affected students’ mathematical problem-solving ability through self-efficacy and maths anxiety, but the effect of self-efficacy on mathematical anxiety was smaller. Implications for the importance of teacher–student relationships in education as well as suggestions for future research are discussed.     

师范大学生一般自我效能感与焦虑状态的研究

采用一般自我效能感量表和状态-特质焦虑问卷对203名师范大学生进行了问卷调查,探查了师范大学生的一般自我效能感与状态焦虑、特质焦虑间的关系及其在性别、专业、年级、生源地方面的差异。结果表明:师范大学生的一般自我效能感和状态焦虑、特质焦虑均存在显著负相关;其一般自我效能感在性别、专业上构成显著差异;其状态焦虑在性别、生源地上构成显著差异;其特质焦虑在性别上构成显著差异。     

Predicting self-efficacy in test preparation: Gender,value, anxiety,test performance,and strategies

Considerable evidence indicates that self-efficacy, task value, anxiety, and the use of language learning strategies are related. However, there is currently an insufficient understanding about their relations in high-stakes testing contexts. The author aimed to investigate how well social factors, test value, anxiety, test performance, and learning strategies predict high school students' self-efficacy in preparing for the English listening test as part of the University Entrance Examination in Taiwan. This research involved a large-scale questionnaire survey and a collection of students' English test scores. The participants were 636 students in Grade 12 of high school in Taiwan. A quantitative analysis of the questionnaire was conducted via hierarchical regression analysis. The results show that students' recent English test performance and test anxiety were two strong predictors of self-efficacy in preparing for the high-stakes test. In addition, resource management and metacognitive listening strategies had better predictive power over prior English level and test value.     

Cyberbullying victimisation and mental distress: testing the moderating role of attachment security,social support,and coping styles

Although it has been well established that cyberbullying leads to mental health problems, less is known about the factors that confer resilience to the adverse effects of cyberbullying among young people. To address this gap, adolescents aged 13–19 years (n = 476) completed a survey measuring cyberbullying victimisation, attachment styles, perceived social support, coping styles, and mental distress. Compared to non-victims, victims of cyberbullying experienced higher levels of depression and anxiety and endorsed more self-statements indicative of attachment anxiety. Peer support, security in attachment relationships, and the endorsement of positive coping strategies attenuated the positive relationship between cyberbullying victimisation and mental health difficulties. Family support did not appear to buffer adolescents from mental distress in this context. However, family support was the strongest bivariate predictor of reduced mental distress. Although peer relations should be the target of intervention programmes within school settings, the findings highlight the importance of including families in cyberbullying prevention programmes.     

Validating the proposed structure of the relationships among test anxiety and its predictors based on control-value theory: evidence for gender-specific patterns

Control-value theory (CVT) proposes a framework for the structure of the relationships between the various predictors of achievement-related emotions, particularly anxiety. Despite existing evidence for the role of anxiety predictors, research has not yet justified their proposed structure. Hence, the current study validated the structure of test anxiety (TA) predictors as proposed by CVT. A sample of German adolescent students (N = 845) completed questionnaires that measured their school-related self-efficacy, test-related cognitions (expected grades and their perceived relevance) and the two major facets of TA: worry and emotionality. Multi-group structural equation modelling was used to test for gender differences in the interplay of the variables. Findings supported the assumptions of CVT for girls and boys, in that the proposed structure of relationships among the various predictors of TA was largely equivalent for both genders. However, emotionality was not related to subjective relevance for boys. Implications for further research on predictors of anxiety and its application to the school context are discussed.     

高中生考试焦虑和学业自我效能与人格特征的相关研究

用问卷法对福州市三所普通中学的524名高中生被试的学业自我效能感、考试焦虑和人格特征状况进行了测查,发现:(1)高中生被试的总体考试焦虑状况不容乐观;(2)学业自我效能、考试焦虑和人格特征这三者之间均两两存在显著性相关;(3)从三者的路径分析图可以看出,N神经质和E外向通过影响数学学业自我效能间接影响高中生被试的考试焦虑;E外向还通过影响语言学业自我效能间接影响高中生被试的考试焦虑。     

中学生数学学习自我效能感的初步研究

以班杜拉的自我效能感的理论为指导,通过问卷形式,对海口市第一中192名学生的数学学习效能感的现状进行研究,分析影响数学学习效能感的因素。研究发现:中学生的数学学习自我效能感与数学学业成就关系密切,成高度正相关;性别差异对数学学习自我效能感的影响无显著性差异;与父母的文化程度关系密切,家长受过高等教育的孩子的数学学习自我效能感明显高于家长没有受过高等教育的孩子。     

师范生人格特征与考试焦虑的相关研究

本文在问卷调查的基础上,运用方差分析和多元回归分析的方法,对师范生人格特征与考试焦虑的关系作了实证研究.研究表明师范生人格特征与考试焦虑相关;师范生人格差异是导致同一考试情景下产生不同考试焦虑的根本原因.     

A correlational study on attachment dimensions,academic performance and self-regulated learning of university students in South Africa

ABSTRACT

An association between attachment and academic performance appears to be consistently found in children; however, reports on such an association in adolescents are contradictory. This study aimed to determine whether the attachment dimensions of anxiety or avoidance significantly correlate with a student’s academic performance at university. Moreover, since individual differences in attachment index distinct self-regulatory capacities, this study aimed to determine whether any correlation exists between a student’s attachment dimensions and measures of self-regulated learning. Attachment dimensions were determined by the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire, while self-regulated learning was determined by the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory, in a sample of university students (n = 185). Neither attachment dimensions correlated significantly with measures of academic performance. However, attachment dimensions did significantly correlate with measures of self-regulated learning in this study.     

高校学生考试作弊行为分析与对策探讨

考试作为教学质量检测的一种重要机制,对高校教育教学有着重要意义。但是屡禁不止的考生作弊现象严重影响了考试的公正性和考试结果的真实性。本文对高校的考试特点、学生考试作弊动机和手段、考试作弊的危害进行了分析,探讨了杜绝考试作弊的对策。     

大学生学习倦怠、专业承诺和考试焦虑的相关性研究

本研究采用问卷法对285名大学生进行了学习倦怠、专业承诺和考试焦虑关系研究,结果发现,大学生的学习倦怠行为和考试焦虑水平相当高,专业承诺水平中等。在性别差异上,男生学习不当行为高于女生,专业承诺水平低于女生。考试焦虑上不存在性别差异。情感承诺是当前大学生学习倦怠的最重要的预测变量,考试焦虑是情绪低落和成就感低落的次重要预测变量。     

高考焦虑的原因及辅导策略

随着高考竞争的日益激烈,高考焦虑的学生也呈逐年增多的趋势。高考焦虑是对高考的特殊的心理反应,形成原因非常复杂,它是主客观因素相互作用的结果。因此高考焦虑辅导应本着“内外兼顾、标本兼治”的原则,既要指导学生自我教育,同时又要重视学校教育的主导作用,寻求家庭、社会的积极支持,这样才能使学生从根本上消除高考焦虑情绪,使学生身心健康、和谐地发展。     

Evaluating the effectiveness of a mindfulness coloring activity for test anxiety in children

The authors investigated the effectiveness of a mindfulness art activity compared with a free draw/coloring activity on test anxiety in children. The sample consisted of 152 students (50% female; M_age = 10.38 years, SD = 0.88 years) randomly assigned to a mindful (n = 76) or free (n = 76) group. Participants completed a standardized measure of anxiety and state mindfulness before and after the coloring activity, immediately before a spelling test, as well as a measure of dispositional mindfulness. Results revealed an overall significant decrease in test anxiety and an overall significant increase in state mindfulness following the interventions. Furthermore, although a significant negative correlation was found between dispositional mindfulness and change in state mindfulness pre- and post-coloring intervention, a significant positive correlation was found between dispositional mindfulness and pre-intervention state mindfulness, suggesting a possible ceiling effect. Explanations for these findings and implications for school personnel and future research are discussed.     

高中生心理健康与父母教养方式的相关研究

本研究采用问卷法对72名高中学生进行研究，结果发现：（1）高中生的心理健康状况总体表现良好，各个因子水平不均衡。学习焦虑水平最高。（2）高中生评定的父母教养方式具有性别特点，同时父母的教养方式也存在一定的差异，并且与高中生的心理健康相关。（3）气质在高中生的心理健康和某些父母教养方式之间起中介作用。（4）有利于各种气质特点的高中生心理健康的“优势父母教养方式”是父母的情感温暖、理解和父亲的不过分干涉。     

A systematic review on test anxiety in children and young people with learning difficulties

This systematic review explores test anxiety in children and young people (CYP) with learning difficulties. Research has found that students with learning difficulties experience higher levels of anxiety about school compared to peers without learning difficulties. One area of school that has had little research is test anxiety, therefore further exploration is needed. Nine papers resulted from the systematic search. It was found that CYP with learning difficulties can experience test anxiety. There are a variety of internal and external factors which have an interactional relationship with test anxiety. A model was developed to illustrate these factors including characteristics of tests, perceptions of support, self-belief and cognition and learning skills. This can be used to explore potential reasons for test anxiety in CYP with learning difficulties and to provide subsequent support.     

普通高校体育教育专业大学生成就动机与自我效能感的关系研究

采用《社会自我效能感量表》和《成就倾向个体差异问卷》,对随机抽取的284名体育教育专业学生进行测量,探讨成就动机与自我效能感的关系．结果发现自我效能与成就动机呈显著正相关;成就动机中追求成功变量与自我效能感存在显著相关;成就动机中避免失败变量与自我效能感存在显著负相关．本研究所调查的自我效能感在性别、学历以及生源地上差异无统计学意义．