新形势下高校学生党建工作探析

随着高校规模不断扩大，高校的学生党建工作越来越显得重要，但在实际工作中也遇到一些问题。在新形势下高校学生党建工作必须要把“三个代表”重要思想作为学生党建工作的指导思想；必须要主动做好与中学、用人单位党组织的衔接工作；必须要建立一支数量充足、素质较高的党员联系人队伍；必须要创新党的基层设置；必须要加强党支部的创新工作。     

坚持以人为本构建和谐校园

和谐校园是构建和谐社会的一个重要组成部分，是当前高职院校必须重视并加强的一项重要工作，构建和谐校园必须围绕教书育人，坚持以人为本，并融入到教学管理和服务工作中。     

加强和改进大学生思想政治工作必须坚持的原则

思想政治工作是我们党和国家的重要政治优势，是经济工作和其他一切工作的生命线，是建设有中国特色社会主义的一项重要内容。新形势新任务，以及思想政治工作的现实状况，都要求我们必须大力加强和改进党的思想政治工作。这是保证我们党始终做到代表中国先进生产力的发展要求、中国先进化的前进方向、中国最广大人民的根本利益的必然要求。高等院校是我们培养高素质人才的重要场所，必须全面贯彻落实“三个代表”的要求，大力加强和改进大学生的思想政治工作。在实际工作中，我们体会到，加强和改进大学生思想政治工作。必须坚持以下八条原则。     

高校党建工作必须坚持以育人为本

高等学校作为培养人才的重要场所，学校党组织必须围绕人才培养开展思想政治工作，本文认为，高校党建工作必须坚持以育人为本，牢牢把握德育方向，担负起“育人”的神圣使命。     

浅谈高等学校人事档案的管理

人事档案的管理工作，是高等学校档案管理工作的重要组成部分，做好人事档案管理工作，对调动广大教职工的积极性致关重要。人事档案管理必须实行现代化，必须提高档案管理员的综合素质，必须调动档案管理者的积极性，使高等学校人事档案管理工作更好地为教学科研服务。     

面向21世纪军队院校教学保障的特点与对策

当今世界的竞争，主要是以经济科技水平为标志的综合国力的竞争。人才在竞争中是关键。作为培养军队各级专门人才的军队院校便成为军队建设与发展的重要基础。教学保障工作是院校教学工作的重要组成部分，是完成教学任务、提高教学质量、培养高素质人才的重要保证。为更好地适应新形势的要求，院校教学保障工作必须更新观念，不断探索新形势下的特点和规律，把实验室和实验基地的建设，作为工作的重点，为培养跨世纪军队建设人才服务。 一、必须充分认识教学保障工作的地位和作用 实践告诉我们，要开创教学保障工作的新局面，必须进一步提高…     

以"三个代表"为指导加强高校基层党支部建设

加强和改进高校党的建设，必须切实做好基层党支部工作，增强党的阶级基础和扩大群众基础，必须以“三个代表”重要思想为指导，明确“三个代表”重要思想对高校党史部建设的重要意义，按“三个代表”重要思想的要求，加强党支部队伍建设，创新党走部建设形式，建立健全支部工作制度，把党支部建设成战斗堡垒。     

“三育人”是高校实施素质教育的基本措施

学校的一切工作必须以育人为中心。三育人是一种整体教育观，是育人工作不可分割的整体，是实施素质教育的重要形式，是促进素质教育的基本措施。育人必须先做好自育，以自身的高素质做好育人工作，促进学生综合素质的提高。     

新形势下增强高校党建工作活力的思考

新形势下，高校的党建工作面临着许多新问题，党建工作的活力不足。增强高校党 建工作的活力，必须把江泽民同志“三个代表”重要思想落实到党建工作的各个方面，必须坚 持从严治党的方针，加强基层组织建设和党风廉政建设，并在推动中心工作，建立工作机制， 提高创新意识等方面下功夫。     

“三个代表”是做好新时期党的思想政治工作的强大理论武器

“三个代表”重要思想不仅是新时期全面加强党的建设的行动指南，也是思想政治工作的根本指针，为我们做好新时期党的思想政治工作提供了强大的思想理论武器。用“三个代表”重要思想指导新时期党的思想政治工作，必须坚持以经济建设为中心，体现时代性；必须坚持解放思想，实事求是，深化改革；必须坚持三个文明一起抓，进行理想信念教育。党的思想政治工作，关系“三个代表”能否真正实现，事关改革、发展、稳定大局以及中国特色社会主义事业的成败。     

基于建构主义的高职院校课程思政建设探析

为了培养既拥有扎实的专业功底、又具有较高思想素质的综合型人才,需要高职院校教师在课程思政教育过程中,积极运用建构主义理论,将建构主义理论与本校课程建设和教学实际紧密结合,同时也要为学生创设教学情景,引导学生在已有的专业课程的基础上获取思政教育知识,明确思政育人与课程育人目标。然而现阶段,在实际课程思政教育过程中,部分高职院校还存在师资力量薄弱、方式方法创新不足,以及课程思政建设与建构主义理念不相符合等问题,从而在一定程度上制约了我国高职院校课程思政教育活动的开展,不利于培养综合型人才。对此,在今后课程思政建设过程中,需要高职院校以建构主义为基础教育原则,组建强大的师资团队,创建健全的课程思政教育规划体系,促进我国高职院校课程思政建设工作的顺利开展。     

A review of research into stakeholder perspectives on inclusion of students with autism in mainstream schools

Increasing numbers of students with autism are being educated in mainstream schools. However, outcomes for students with autism are poor when compared to typical students and students with other developmental disabilities. In order to better understand facilitators and barriers to success at school for students with autism, research into the attitudes of key stakeholders, educators, parents, people with autism, to inclusion in mainstream schools for students with autism, was reviewed. Key themes emerging included attitudes to inclusion, the characteristics of autism and social communication in particular and interaction with the school environment, and consequent student problem behaviour. Level of knowledge and understanding of school staff emerged as the primary issue with all stakeholders identifying the need for more training. Other support needs identified included the need for structural support, resources and funding. Parents, in particular, identified the need for a collaborative approach to the education process. The findings highlight the need to translate theory into practice to increase capacity in schools to provide effective educational programmes for students with autism.     

论五言诗的韵律与体式的意义

在中国的旧体诗中,在《诗经》《楚辞》之后,首先发展起来的是汉魏六朝时代的五言诗,唐代人称此为古诗,以别于唐代人按严格体式和韵律写的属于＂近体诗＂范畴的五言绝句、五言律诗、五言长律。由于五绝、五律诗每句中的5个字是前两字一顿、后三字一顿的句法结构,正是与七绝、七律诗句的后5字构词顿数相同,以至与许多词的五字句顿式一致,所以五言律句的构制,就成了诗词写作合于韵律的必须具备的实践准备条件。在五言诗的写作上,五言绝句的难度更大,因为每首诗只有20个字,且要独立成章,因此必须立意集中,不枝不蔓;文字精妙,难于增减;借端托寓,蓄意深微;意到辞工,不假雕饰。由于五言绝句的体式精微,施展的天地极小,所以历来虽有名篇,却少有独擅此体的名家。     

Multi‐sensory storytelling as an aid to assisting people with profound intellectual disabilities to cope with sensitive issues: a multiple research methods analysis of engagement and outcomes

The importance of storytelling in social, cultural and educational contexts is well established and documented. The extension of storytelling to people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) has in recent years been undertaken with an emphasis on the value of sensory experience and the context storytelling provides for social interaction. The present study builds on earlier curriculum orientated research with a view to describe patterns of social and story‐oriented interaction during storytelling. The stories dealt with sensitive topics raised by family carers who wished the young person with PIMD to understand. Behavioural observation during storytelling sessions explored changes in engagement while semi‐structured interviews with parents and professionals explored the extent to which the experience had benefitted the young person with respect to the sensitive topic. Positive changes in engagement with the story were shown for seven of the eight participants. For six of the seven, a parent and a professional agreed that the outcome of the experience positively enabled the participant to cope better with the sensitive topic. The specific multi‐sensory storytelling factors leading to these outcomes are discussed, as is the issue of proxy reporting and determining the nature of understanding in people with PIMD.     

Adverse and adaptive childhood experiences are associated with parental reflective functioning in mothers with substance use disorder

Mothers with a substance use disorder (SUD) are at risk for maladaptive parenting practices, and have heightened likelihood of having experienced childhood adversity themselves. In addition, parental reflective functioning (PRF), a capacity underlying sensitive caregiving, is often low in mothers with SUD. This study examines the relationship between PRF and aversive (emotional, physical, sexual abuse and neglect) and adaptive (safety and competence) experiences, in different developmental phases (early childhood, latency, and adolescence) in mothers with a SUD. A sample of 43 mothers with small children were interviewed with the Parental Developmental Interview to assess PRF, and they completed the Traumatic Antecedents Questionnaire regarding aversive and adaptive experiences. In addition, we used the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-10 to control for mental health status and a battery of neuropsychological tests to control for executive functions. Results indicated that adaptive experiences in early childhood were positively related to PRF, and that experience of emotional abuse was negatively related to PRF. When separating the group of mothers in two sub-groups based on PRF level, results showed that mothers with negative to low PRF had significantly more experiences of adversities in early childhood and latency, and significantly less adaptive experiences in early childhood, latency and adolescence, compared to mothers with moderate to high PRF. In addition, mothers with adequate to high PRF reported experiencing significantly more types of adaptive experiences, and significantly less adversities compared to mothers with negative to low PRF. Results are discussed in relation to developmental trauma, resilience, epistemic trust and mistrust.     

A response to Padeliadu: can student attitudes exist outside the school climate?

The present study explored typically developing children’s understanding of, and attitudes towards, the inclusion of children with physical disabilities (PD) in mainstream settings. The 60 children who participated in the study attended sixth grade in two mainstream primary schools (30 in contact with a child with PD and 30 without such contact). They filled in a questionnaire to measure understanding of disabilities and one to explore attitudes towards inclusion. Analyses revealed that children in contact with a child with PD had a better understanding of the emotional and social problems associated with the presence of PD than the comparison group. Moreover, children in contact with a child with PD expressed more positive attitudes towards the inclusion of children with PD in relation to children without such contact. Results are discussed in terms of the importance of contact in the formation of more positive attitudes towards the inclusion of children with PD.     

Do inclusion practices for pupils with special educational needs in the English as a foreign language class in Israel reflect inclusion laws and language policy requirements?

The study of additional languages is mandatory for all pupils in most European countries. Usually, the first foreign language is English. This is due to the status of English as a global language. According to inclusion laws, pupils with special educational needs (SEN) should be taught in regular classes with support services by teachers with special education training. Often, however, foreign language teachers lack training and do not know how to adapt teaching methods for pupils with SEN in the regular language learning class. In this study, 109 elementary school teachers filled out questionnaires examining practices and attitudes about inclusion of pupils with SEN in the English as a foreign language (EFL) class in Israel. Findings indicated that pupils with SEN are included in regular EFL classes, taught with the same materials as the class, usually by teachers with no specialised training and no teaching assistants. Teachers are not always encouraged to take in-service courses on how to teach these pupils. No significant difference were found between teachers with and without special education training regarding inclusion practices, but slight differences were found with regards to attitudes towards inclusion of pupils with SEN. The majority of teachers felt that pupils with SEN should be taught in special education settings with specialised materials, and not in the regular education class. These findings raise questions regarding the efficacy of inclusion laws and language learning policies.     

Identifying the challenges and opportunities to meet the needs of children with speech,language and communication difficulties

The views of experienced educational practitioners were examined with respect to the terminology used to describe children with speech, language and communication needs (SLCN), associated problems and the impact of speech and language difficulties in the classroom. Results showed that education staff continue to experience challenges with the range of terminology used to refer to the children's needs. Terms used to refer to difficulties with speech were least familiar to the respondents. Difficulties were noted in distinguishing between children with SLCN and children where English was an additional language. Respondents indicated a variety of additional difficulties experienced by the children. Literacy difficulties were reported to be more prevalent in children with language difficulties, while levels of bullying and anxiety were reported to be higher in children with speech problems. Respondents reported that tools for identifying speech and language difficulties and procedures for accessing effective resources are required.     

Enhancing wayfinding in pre-school children through robot and socio-cognitive conflict

Wayfinding is one of the most important skills that children have to learn in order to safely move in the environment. One problem that 5-year-old children encounter with wayfinding is changing their point of view to that of another person in different position in the same environment, such as that of a person opposite them whose perspective is turned 180° with respect to their own. Robots could help children in learning this skill, since children can instruct them to move in the environment, in predetermined paths, by starting from a rotated perspective. This study compares classic socio-cognitive conflict with a human partner, but in this case with a robot partner, in order to evaluate how a specific activity (instructing a robot to perform a given route) enhances the wayfinding skills of 156 5-year-old children. Using two different robots (humanoid and non-humanoid) and two different conditions (a child and the robot and two children and the robot), the study shows that children who performed the task with the humanoid robot improved their performance significantly better compared with those who used the non-humanoid robot. Furthermore, children engaged in the Socio-Cognitive Conflict situation with another child-outperformed children in the Socio-Cognitive Conflict with robots. Finally, children with low-level performance in the pretest made the greatest improvement both in terms of moves made and time taken to complete the task in comparison with children in the High-Level Group and of the Control Group.     

Writing in Early Adolescence: A Review of the Role of Self-Efficacy Beliefs

This review examines and summarizes 16 research studies examining the writing self-efficacy beliefs of 6th- to 10th-grade students. In the majority of the studies, self-efficacy was found to play a primary role in predicting student writing performance. Students with learning disabilities were found to over-estimate their ability to complete specific writing tasks. Several studies found gender differences, with boys rating their confidence higher than girls, although actual performance did not differ. Grade-level differences in perceived efficacy for writing were found in some studies, but not in others. Most studies emphasized that those working with young adolescents need to be aware of the importance of self-efficacy and other motivational beliefs in conjunction with academic functioning. Difficulties with specificity of self-efficacy measures, and with correspondence between measure and criterial task were found in several studies. The article concludes with suggestions for future self-efficacy research.