A window on the politics of the government printing office electronic information access enhancement act of 1993

This article discusses political interests and maneuvering that went on among professional trade associations, government agencies, and public interest groups and the ultimate effects that it had on the outcome of the Government Printing Office Electronic Information Act of 1993, also known as the WINDOW bill. Insight is provided into the increasingly contentious politics of information in the United States. With the trend toward the explosive growth in availability of and access to government information in electronic formats, it is recognized that access to and control of government information has tremendous economic and political rewards for libraries, businesses, and politicians alike.     

Paperwork reduction act reauthorization and government information management issues

Replacing the ineffective Federal Reports Act of 1942, the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (PRA) was enacted largely to relieve the public of the mounting information collection and reporting requirements of the federal government. It also promoted coordinated information management activities on a governmentwide basis by the director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and prescribed information management responsibilities for the executive agencies. The management focus of the PRA was sharpened with the 1986 amendments which refined the concept of “information resources management” (IRM), defined as “the planning, budgeting, organizing, directing, training, promoting, controlling, and management activities associated with the burden, collection, creation, use, and dissemination of information by agencies, and includes the management of information and related resources such as automatic data processing equipment.” This key term and its subset concepts received further definition and explanation in the PRA of 1995, making IRM a tool for managing the contribution of information activities to program performance, and for managing related resources, such as personnel, equipment, funds, and technology. The PRA currently authorizes appropriations for its administration by the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA), located within OMB, through FY2001 (44 U.S.C. 3520). Reauthorization of OIRA appropriations provides an opportunity to upgrade the PRA’s provisions and to address prevailing government information management issues.     

我国图书馆学期刊1993年基本状况

我国图书馆学期刊１９９３年基本状况丘峰，徐苇Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｉｎ１９９３，ｔｈｅｒｅｗｅｒ６３ｌｉｂｒａｒｙｓｃｉｅｎｃｅｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｙｏｕｒｎａｌｓｉｎｏｕｒｃｏｕｎｔｒｙＡｍａｎｇｔｈｅｍ，５７ｉｎａｃａｄｅｍｙ，Ａｗｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏｏｕｒｓ...     

A post-September 11th balancing act: Public access to U.S. government information versus protection of sensitive data

The purpose of this paper is to suggest realistic guidelines that balance public access to government information and the need to protect sensitive data. Emphasis is on lessons learned from a 1979 case where the government attempted to prohibit the Progressive Magazine from publishing an article about making a hydrogen bomb and government reactions to the September 11th attacks. Executive Orders 12958 and 13292 and the new U.S. Geological Survey policy towards sensitive data can become the foundation for reasonable guidelines. The author concludes that the U.S. tradition of democracy and open government remains strong and will survive the attempts to limit information access since September 11, 2001.     

Senator dill and the 1927 radio act

Broadcast statehouse reporters have higher production pressures and use more activity sources than do newspaper reporters. But like their newspaper colleagues, broadcast reporters perceive editorial injunctions for story background and interpretation, and seek reliable and expert sources.     

Artificial intelligence for the public sector: results of landscaping the use of AI in government across the European Union

Artificial Intelligence is increasingly being used by public sector organisations. Previous research highlighted that the use of AI technologies in government could improve policy making processes, public service delivery and the internal management of public administrations. In this article, we explore to which extent the use of AI in the public sector impacts these core governance functions. Findings from the review of a sample of 250 cases across the European Union, show that AI is used mainly to support improving public service delivery, followed by enhancing internal management and only in a limited number assist directly or indirectly policy decision-making. The analysis suggests that different types of AI technologies and applications are used in different governance functions, highlighting the need to further in-depth investigation to better understand the role and impact of use in what is being defined the governance “of, with and by AI”.     

Understanding the key factors and configurational paths of the open government data performance: Based on fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis

The governments worldwide have attached great importance to open government data (OGD), and many OGD projects have emerged in recent years. However, the performance of OGD greatly differs in various districts and governments. Therefore, the influencing factors of OGD performance should be explored. However, the existing research has not yet established a systematic analytical framework for OGD performance, and the explanation degree of performance differences in OGD implementation is limited. Thus, this study takes technical management capacity, financial resource, organization arrangement, rules and regulations, organization culture, public demand, and inter-government competition as antecedent conditions under the perspective of technology–organization–environment framework and resource-based theory. From the cases of 16 provincial OGD practice in China, we employ fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to explore the influencing mechanism of the interaction and coordination of multiple conditions on OGD performance. Results indicate that OGD performance depends on the integration of the total effect of various factors. Moreover, four configurational paths could be utilized to achieve high OGD performance, namely, organization–balanced path, organization–environment path, balanced path, and organization–technology path. Furthermore, a substitution relationship exists among different conditional variables, which points out the direction and focus of the implementation of OGD for governments with different endowment characteristics. This study enriches the existing studies of OGD implementation and provides references for OGD practice.     

Key factors and generation mechanisms of open government data performance: A mixed methods study in the case of China

Open government data (OGD) has attracted widespread attention and has been widely carried out on a global scale. With further promotion, OGD performance becomes a hot topic and meaningful enough for in-depth exploration. This research focuses on the influential factors and generation mechanisms of OGD performance. Based on the resource-based theory and institutional theory, this paper constructs a model from multiple dimensions of internal resources and external pressures. Subsequently, from the 122 cities in China that have constructed OGD platforms, this study adopts a mixed research methods approach, which combines the regression analysis method and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). The regression analysis results show that the organization arrangement, legal and policy, and horizontal pressure have direct positive effects on OGD performance. On this basis, this paper use QCA method to explore the configuration paths for the generation of OGD performance of cities in different geographic regions and at different administrative ranks levels. The QCA results provide different configuration paths to achieve better OGD performance, which verified the conclusions drawn by the regression analysis, also provides alternative paths for governments with different characteristics. This paper enriches the studies on OGD performance and provides more targeted paths together with references for the implementation of OGD.     

服务型政府目标下的政府信息公开评价体系研究

政府信息公开评价体系的研究水平,直接决定了研究结论的信度和对策建议的效度,制约政府信息公开问题整体研究水平。当前衡量政府信息公开的两大指标体系分别属于"法定义务导向"和"用户需求导向",存在一致性的问题。服务型政府目标下的政府信息公开评价体系的构建应兼顾规范性和功能性。     

对一年内期刊开本变化及期刊装订的几点思考

本文通过对期刊在一年内开本变化情况的介绍 ,总结了期刊开本变化的特征 ,指出了期刊开本变化对期刊装订的影响及装订措施。     

期刊多版本化及其对图书馆期刊工作的影响

期刊发展到今天,已出现多版本化倾向,本文探讨了期刊的多版本化发展及其对图书馆期刊工作的影响,以及图书馆应采取的对策。     

期刊引用认同及其被引评价新指标有效性分析

以影响因子等引文数据为核心的期刊评价指标体系虽广为使用,但也备受争议.本文从期刊引用认同、期刊被引及期刊国际化等三个方面分析了不仅仅依赖于"影响因子"的评价期刊的新指标,并对相关指标的有效性问题进行讨论.分析表明,基于期刊引用认同视角和基于期刊被引网络视角的很多指标可以与期刊影响因子指标相印证,可用作国内期刊评价的新尝试,而相关期刊国际化评价指标还需在实践中进一步检验.     

Exploring open government data capacity of government agency: Based on the resource-based theory

Open government data (OGD) are valued by many countries and governments worldwide because of its important political, economic, and social benefits. Based on the resource-based theory, we construct a research model from the aspects of tangible, intangible, and human resources, as well as organizational culture to explore the factors that influence open government data capacity (OGDC). Results indicate that data variables, basic resources, organizational arrangement and technical capacity are directly related to the OGDC of government agencies; power distance negatively moderates the relationship between organizational structure and OGDC; uncertainty avoidance moderates the relationship among basic resources, organizational arrangement and OGDC. On this basis, we put forward relevant suggestions for the following development of OGD.     

电子期刊与印刷型期刊比较研究

本文详尽在比较了电子期刊与印刷型期刊的优缺点，并分析得出网络型期刊是未来期刊的未来期刊的发展趋势，未来期刊的存在模式在一定时期内是电子期刊与印刷型期刊二者并存。     

Deliberative democracy and the conceptual foundations of electronic government

As electronic government (e-government) becomes increasingly important in the presentation of government information to citizens, the potential impacts of e-government on the democratic process must be carefully considered. E-government clearly has the potential to become an institution that helps to ensure reasoned reflection about political issues and active participation in deliberative democracy by citizens and by members of the government. Though the Internet presents innovative new methods for conveying government information to citizens, it also presents new and serious potential impediments to deliberative democracy, such as group polarization about political issues by online social groups. The ability of e-government sites either to foster democratic dialogue by presenting multiple viewpoints or to enable polarization on political issues by promoting specific views demonstrates a key question about the conceptual foundations of e-government. Drawing upon perspectives from information studies, public policy, law, and governance, this article examines the differing political implications between e-government built on a foundation of participation and on a foundation of polarization.     

新闻发布制度与现代政府

新闻发布通过对外沟通互动 ,既可密切政府与公众的良性合作关系 ,又可及时发现政府与社会公众之间的不和谐音符或矛盾冲突所在 ,从而为及早缓解或化解紧张关系、消除对立局势采取相应的对策。政府透过新闻发布会解释政策、引导社会舆论 ,不仅要考虑政府与社会公众之间如何达到有效的信息传递与沟通 ,而且要考虑如何才能更有效地协调和沟通彼此之间的关系 ,为自己营造良好的环境氛围。     

原生数字期刊与Open Access期刊比较研究

原生数字期刊和Open Access期刊是网络技术普及和学术交流观念变革下出现的新型连续出版物,两者既有区别又有联系,易混淆。从产生背景、概念界定、出版模式、发行方式、版权形式、质量控制等方面对原生数字期刊和Open Access期刊进行比较探讨,得出对原生数字期刊和Open Access期刊的较全面的认识,最后对两者发展的侧重点进行阐述。