职业生涯教育应关注人的生涯发展

职业生涯教育是后工业化社会职业指导发展的必然趋势。职业生涯理论经历了人一职匹配和生涯发展两个不同的历史阶段。生涯发展思想认为个体职业发展是一个与人的身心发展相一致的过程。在这一思想背景下,职业生涯教育应该在生涯意识教育、生涯成长支持与辅导等方面进一步拓展工作。     

职业锚理论指导下的高校辅导员职业生涯规划

针对目前高校辅导员的职业发展现状,提出用职业锚理论指导高校辅导员的职业生涯规划,分析利用职业锚理论指导辅导员职业生涯规划的意义。提出国家政策措施鼓励、高校确保实施和辅导员自动规划三方共同努力,保证辅导员职业发展,实现其自身全面发展的同时,也为高校发展注入活力。     

Enhancing Career Development Through the Career Success Club

The career development of students, demonstrated by students performing appropriate career developmental tasks, is important to institutions of higher education because career developed students are more likely to have career objectives, persist in their academic goals, gain career-related work experience, find employment in their chosen fields, and graduate. The purpose of this study was to determine if the career development of students by class level had been enhanced by participation in a career management plan specifically prepared for undergraduates. The intervention of a career management plan (i.e., the Career Success Club) was successful, especially for seniors and middles, in enhancing the career development of undergraduates. Career management plans may help students that are academically undecided to become more connected to their majors by focusing more on academic and career matters.     

The Influence of a Career Pathways Model and Career Counseling on Students' Career and Academic Self-Efficacy

This qualitative study examines the effects of career pathways programming and targeted career counseling services on 71 high school seniors across seven schools engaged in school reforms funded through South Carolina's Education and Economic Development Act (EEDA). EEDA is a statewide, multipronged effort to improve academic achievement, graduation rates, and students' chances at success in both careers and college. One component of EEDA is the requirement that all students complete an individual graduation plan, and in order to build capacity to execute this new requirement, additional counselors and/or counselor aides were added to every high school in the state. We found that the combination of a career pathways model along with targeted career counseling services enhanced students' sense of career and academic self-efficacy by increasing their motivation to complete school, willingness and interest to take more challenging courses, and sense of preparedness for college and work. We examine these themes through the social cognitive career theory's triadic model of causality (Bandura, 1997) connecting study findings with the central constructs of self-efficacy beliefs, outcome expectations, and personal goal development.     

社会认知职业理论对职业发展课程的启示

近年来,中国高校的生涯教育逐渐从单纯的就业指导转变为职业生涯规划。随着职业理论的发展和引入,职业教学课程的指导理论不完善之处逐渐凸显。社会认知职业理论关注个体的主观能动性及其生涯发展过程中的动态变化过程,突破了原有理论的弊端。本研究介绍社会认知职业理论的基本内容及其三个主要模型,从兴趣培养、自我效能的提高、生涯社会支持和个人背景四个角度提出对生涯教育的切实可行的建议。     

生涯适应力视角下高校生涯教育课程优化

生涯教育课程肩负着架起环境与个体之间、当下与未来之间桥梁的使命。当前,高校生涯教育课程面临回应社会发展的复杂性和不确定性、满足国家社会育人期待、提高课程教学效果等多重挑战。生涯适应力理论是生涯心理学的研究热点,对高校生涯教育具有深刻的应用价值。基于生涯适应力的高校生涯教育课程,需要以提高学生应对不确定生涯的能力为教学目标、以生涯适应力四要素为核心设计教学内容、以具身体验为原则选择教学方法、以资源整合为依托延伸教学效果、以专业师资队伍建设为保障,实现课程优化。     

从"职业锚"看大学生的职业生涯规划

“职业锚”可以指导、约束和稳定个人的职业生涯。文章论述了“职业锚”理论的内涵以及“职业锚”理论对大学生职业生涯规划的重要意义,同时为高校就业指导工作者指出在运用此理论时应注意的几个问题。     

Publicizing Career Opportunities

Using small groups in student cooperative learning enterprises has become a major trend in American higher education (Cheng and Warren 2000). However, several practical issues involving the assessment of an individual's performance in groups have sometimes created resistance to the method from both students and parents (Kagan 1995). This article evaluates the case for using cooperative group assignments and the problems associated with evaluating the performances of individuals working in groups. Practical suggestions for minimizing some of the potential problems associated with group grading are offered and some philosophic perspectives on this form of grading are advanced.