学生基础能力国际研究项目（PISA）的教育启示

PISA评价作为大规模的学生基础能力国际比较研究,是目前世界上最有影响力的国际学生评价项目之一。PISA应用了一系列目前世界上先进的教育测量理论和成熟的操作模式来评价15岁在校生进入未来社会所必需的知识、技能的获得情况,其评价结果具有高度的可比性、可信性和有效性,受到了各国政府的重视,被视为检验各国教育体制和未来人才竞争的重要指标。PISA项目为教育改革与发展提供了有益的启示,被誉为“教育界的世界杯”,是国际比较教育研究的重要成果。     

普通学校外事工作探析——以滁州学院为例

近年来,普通高校外事工作在取得发展的同时,也面临着引智渠道有限、对外交流与合作形式单一、留学生规模小、外事人才队伍急待加强等问题。普通高校可以从几个方面加强外事工作:积极拓展引智渠道,做好外籍人才管理;采取多种形式,稳定开展对外合作交流;加强留学生工作,提升国际影响力;加大派出工作力度,不断提高师资水平;加强外事人才队伍建设。     

撰写《儒林外史》研究史的再思考

和研究文学史、小说史一样,对一部专书的研究史也应重视原创精神,提供新资料、新见解和新思路;理清研究的发展脉络,总结历史经验,以供后来者借鉴。     

学术互动对博士生国际期刊论文产出的影响 ——基于2017年全国博士毕业生调查数据的分析

博士生是科学研究的生力军,也是高校科研产出的重要贡献者。然而,博士生从“学术学徒”到“独立研究者”的蜕变过程,必定要借助来自外界的经验丰富的同行们的学术指导、交流、共享和帮助。那么,以知识共享为核心的学术互动对博士生培养质量有什么样的影响呢?运用标准负二项回归对“中国博士生毕业调查数据”的全国61所高校8207份博士生数据进行分析。结果显示,“与导师的学术互动频次和质量”和“与其他教师的学术互动频次与质量”均对博士生国际期刊论文产出具有正向影响;“与博士生同学的学术互动频次和质量”对国际期刊论文产出的影响不显著。     

How the ICT Development Level Influences Students’ Digital Reading Literacy: A Multi-level Model Comparison Based on PISA 2018 Data

The purpose of this study is to systematically showcase and evaluate how students’, schools’, and countries’ Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development levels influence students’ digital reading literacy by using the data of the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018 and the multi-level model approach. It is found that the ICT development at each level has a significant positive effect on students’ digital reading literacy, and there is a significant interactive moderating effect between different levels. The gap in ICT development levels between the countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and developed economies has a “Matthew effect” in widening the digital reading literacy gap in the short term, but in the long run, the faster growth of the countries participating in BRI in ICT development levels will narrow the gap and alleviate the effect. China should make use of its advantages in ICT development to engage in global education governance, facilitate the co-development in both the ICT development level and the digital reading literacy for the countries participating in BRI, and contribute to the development of global education by opening up a new way of development.     

专业视野中的PISA

近来,国际学生评估项目(PISA)备受国内外关注。PISA项目缘于发达国家对基础教育质量的反思,是一项以改善教育政策为导向的跨国测试研究。本文解读了PISA测试独创的素养及其内涵结构,探究了PISA研究试图解释的学生素养形成与学生个人参与及学习策略间的关系,分析了PISA研究试图发现的学生素养与家庭影响、学校均衡、教育公平的关系。本文认为,公平而卓越正在成为发达国家和国际组织衡量基础教育质量的新尺度;多维度、多学科、重数据与国际参照已经成为教育研究与教育评价的重要发展方向;教育政策的制定应该建立在研究、数据和证据的基础上。     

钱宾四先生与《清儒学案》

钱宾四(穆)先生早年著《清儒学案》,因稿沉长江而失传,所幸有《清儒学案序目》将其大要先期刊出,因此,原稿虽失,精义尚存。研读《清儒学案序目》可知,钱先生以为,以学案体记清儒学术,有唐镜海(鉴)、徐菊人(世昌)二家在先,但一嫌陋狭,一嫌泛滥,均无法与《明儒学案》、《宋元学案》相提并论。清代学术有两个特点最宜注意。第一,“理学本包孕经学为再生”,清代并非“理学之衰世”。第二,清代理学“无主峰可指,难寻其脉络筋节”。故仍主张用学案体。他的《清儒学案》即围绕64位案主,分四阶段述一代理学之演进。第一阶段晚明诸遗老之精深笃实,远迈宋明;第二阶段顺康雍时理学成为压束社会之利器;第三阶段乾嘉诸儒沉浸经籍,“理学本包孕经学为再生”,与晚明诸遗老异曲同工;第四阶段为晚清70年,道成同光四朝,理学俨若复兴,然而,倏尔之间便成陈迹,其成就尚不及顺康雍时期,问题之症结乃在不能因应世变,转而益进。     

双重披露制度下我国企业会计准则的趋同效果研究——基于2010年A＋H股上市公司的分析

会计准则国际趋同是现阶段的必然选择,我国也在不断努力实现趋同。该文以A＋H股上市公司的净资产、净利润的差异为切入点,基于两者差异的数额、差异比率、差异种类以及存在差异的公司数等角度剖析了我国会计准则的趋同效果,研究表明国内外会计准则已经基本趋同。     

《儒林外史》与《围城》讽刺艺术的浅析

《儒林外史》、《围城》是古典和现代讽刺小说的巨著,在中国小说史上都达到了其它讽刺小说难以比肩的高峰;分析了二者讽刺艺术的共同点和鲜明的独特性,借以阐释其讽刺艺术上存在的继承和创新的关系,同时从文学接受的角度探讨二者在讽刺艺术上的缺憾。     

浅析外币交易核算中汇兑损益核算应注意的几个问题

国际贸易和经济合作的迅猛发展给我国企业带来了大量的外币交易业务,这些交易的原始计价单位是外国货币,而会计记录和反映却要求使用统一的货币计量单位,这样就引发外币交易的折算问题。本文就外币交易核算中对汇兑损益核算最容易出错的几个问题进行浅析。     

An Exploration of Reasons for Shanghai’s Success in the OECD Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2009

The outstanding performance of Shanghai students in the 4th Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA 2009) gained widespread attention at home and abroad. In this paper, the authors attribute this outstanding performance to three traditional factors and six modern factors. The traditional factors are high parental expectations, belief in the power of effort, and the mechanisms of personnel selection. The modern factors are the openness of Chinese education, curriculum and teaching reform, teacher training, improvement of comparatively poor schools, the financial resources allocation mechanism in compulsory education, and the reform of high school enrollment.     

“Screening” or “Meritocracy”: Does the Choice of a Private School Help Students Achieve Higher Academic Performance? —Based on the PISA 2018 Analysis of Four Provinces and Municipalities in China

The introduced policy of “synchronized enrollment of public and private schools” has once again triggered the debate on the effectiveness of public and private schools. Based on the data of the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018 from four Chinese provinces and municipalities, this paper explores whether private schools gain a relative advantage in student academic performance through student “screening” or academic “meritocracy,” through a hierarchical linear model (HLM) and an empirical test of the propensity score matching (PSM). It has been found that the academic performance of students in private schools is significantly better than that in public schools. But with background, metacognitive ability, and learning hours of students in private schools controlled for, such academic performance is not significantly superior, suggesting that private schools rely heavily on student “screening” to achieve a relative advantage in student academic performance. This finding has also verified the scientific nature of the above policy.     

关于三项著名国际学生评价项目的比较

全国教育进展评价 (简称NAEP)、第三次国际数学和科学教育的再研究 (简称TIMSS -R)和国际学生评价项目 (简称PISA)是当前国际间最为著名的学生评价项目 ,本文拟就 2 0 0 0年NAEP的 8年级评估、TIMSS -R的 8年级评估和PISA三项评价项目的数学和科学领域评估做一比较 ,以便我们了解这些评估的实施背景、基本框架和评估内容     

Performance Analysis and Future Prospect of China’s Anti-bullying Policy and Practice: Evidence from PISA 2015 and PISA 2018

This paper analyzes the performance of China’s anti-bullying efforts with the data on school bullying in the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2015 and PISA 2018. It is found that China has fully demonstrated its high performance in anti-bullying actions with all three key performance indicators dropping dramatically, namely the prevalence of bullying, the index of exposure to bullying, and the percentage of frequently bullied students. Further, from the perspectives of personal characteristics and school features, two rounds of PISA data are adopted to make the longitudinal diachronic comparison and the cross-national horizontal comparison, followed by the analysis of the occurrence and development patterns of school bullying. Five suggestions are put forward for the deployment of China’s anti-bullying action plan.     

高职毕业生就业工作的实践与探索

明确一个目标，促进两个转变，做到三个确保，抓好四项建设，是做好高职毕业生就业工作的有效途径。     

Application of Social Constructivism into EFL Classroom

Recently, the view that classroom knowledge is socially constructed rather than being merely transmitted from teacher to student has made a significant impact in English language teaching. Based on s...     

Can Computer Use Hurt Science Achievement? The USA Results from PISA

A surprising result of the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is that computer use was negatively associated with high student achievement in some countries. More specifically, the students from all three countries who indicated that they use computers in the classroom most frequently were those with the lowest achievement on the TIMSS in 1995. For the purpose of this study, a similar comparison was made for 15-year-old U.S.A. students, based on the data from the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA). The results of this study show that it is not computer use itself that has a positive or negative effect on the science achievement of students, but the way in which computers are used. For example, after controlling for the student's socioeconomic status in the United States of America, the results indicated that the students who used computers frequently at home, including for the purpose of writing papers, tended to have higher science achievement. However, the results of this study also show that science achievement was negatively related to the use of certain types of educational software. This indicates a result similar to that found in the TIMSS data, which might reflect the fact that teachers assign the use of the computer and of educational software to the lower achieving students more frequently, so that these students can obtain more personal and direct feedback through educational software.