注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的抑制控制与转换

目的:探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童的抑制控制和转换功能.方法:采用图形选择测验、威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)、昼夜Stroop测验和字色Stroop测验,以23例ADHD儿童和22例普通对照儿童为研究对象,对其抑制控制能力、转换能力进行测试比较.结果:1.ADHD儿童完成图形选择测验转换任务时间较普通对照组儿童明显延长,犯错误数明显增多;2.ADHD儿童完成威斯康星卡片分类测验的错误应答数、持续性错误数明显比普通儿童多,差异极其显著;3.两组儿童完成昼夜Stroop测验时冲突任务平均时上有显著性差异,ADHD儿童的反应时多于普通儿童;4.ADHD儿童完成字色Stroop测验的干扰任务反应时较普通对照组儿童显著延长.结论:ADHD儿童的抑制控制能力和转换能力显著低于普通儿童.     

基于移动平台的特殊儿童注意力训练系统设计

儿童注意缺陷障碍的频发,导致注意力训练的需求旺盛.当前国内外落后的注意力训练服务能力和服务品质亟待提高.借助云计算技术和移动触屏终端系统,以"互联网+康复"的理念设计了注意力训练系统,具备跨平台、精准化、个性化、便捷性四大特色,将有助于促进儿童注意力的精准评估与有效训练.     

注意:概念、测验和教师等级评定

本文的理论部分探讨注意的性质、注意的测验和测量，以及注意缺陷的鉴定。注意具有选择性，它包含着对冲动反应的抑制和对分心的克服。第二部分讨论三项经验研究，这些研究探索了注意等级评定量表的使用，该量表由教师对儿童在课堂情境下的注意情况进行等级评定。研究发现，教师的等级评定可以预测课外情境中儿童在注意测验上的表现。这些等级评定具有显著的预测性，正如该测验的结果所表明的，教师一直关注着儿童注意的一个重要方面，即对分心的抵制。在结论性评述中，讨论了可能导向注意缺陷改善的动态测试。第三部分是附录部分，例举了若干注意力测验。     

禅绕画在儿童注意力训练中的应用

儿童的注意力是影响教学效果的重要因素。针对儿童注意的稳定性、注意的广度、注意的转移和注意的分配4种品质进行干预训练,可以有效提升儿童的注意力水平。将禅绕画运用在注意力训练中,能有效改善儿童注意力“不集中”这一问题行为。     

家庭对“注意缺陷—多动”综合征儿童情绪的影响之研究

"注意缺陷—多动"综合征是一种较常见的儿童情绪行为障碍,早在1845年,德国学者霍夫曼对儿童无端躁动不安的行为就作为一种病态加以描述。目前对这类患儿的命名比较公认的有"轻微脑功能失调"、"儿童多动综合征"、"注意缺陷障碍"、"注意力不足多动障碍"、"注意缺陷—多动综合征"等名称。共同的行为     

注意力缺陷多动障碍核心缺损:行为抑制还是能量库?

本研究采用信号停止任务范式,考察不同声音唤醒水平下注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童 和普通儿童反应抑制功能的表现,探讨唤醒水平和行为抑制功能之间的关系,以验证行为 抑制模型和认知能量模型.研究中注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童15名,普通儿童15名,匹配 年龄、年级、性别和智力水平.结果表明:(1)注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童的反应错误率和抑 制失败率显著高于普通儿童;(2)中、高唤醒水平下,注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童正确反应的 被试内变异性降低,与普通儿童的表现相当;(3)唤醒水平对两类儿童的抑制失败率没有影 响.唤醒水平没有提高注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童的行为抑制功能,但促进了其一般反应认 知功能,说明能量库缺损并不是比抑制功能更为核心的缺损.     

学习困难儿童智力结构分析

用林传鼎修订的韦氏儿童智力量表－中国修订本为测查工具对１８５名学习困难儿童进行调查,并对其中５０名学习困难儿童进行了注意力测试。结果发现：学习困难儿童的言语智商,操作智商及全量表智商均低于正常儿童,ＶＩＱ和ＰＩＱ分离现象普遍,并且多烤学习困难儿童存在注意缺陷。提示智力水平低和注意缺陷可能是导致儿童学习困难的重要原因。     

小学数学课堂学生注意力的培养

俄国教育家乌申斯基说:"注意是心灵的天窗."只有打开注意力的这扇窗户,智慧的阳光才能撒满心田.注意力是学生学习和生活的基本能力,注意力的好坏将直接影响学生的长远发展.因此,在小学数学课堂教学中,必须加强对学生注意力的培养,训练学生良好的注意品质.     

干扰负载对注意缺陷多动障碍儿童视觉工作记忆的影响

为考察编码和提取阶段的干扰负载对注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童视觉工作记忆的影响。本研究采用纸笔测验,分别要求被试对编码和提取阶段的材料进行操作。结果发现,编码阶段,干扰负载对两组被试的影响没有显著差异;提取阶段,干扰负载对ADHD组被试的影响显著大于普通组被试。相对于普通组儿童而言,ADHD儿童的视觉工作记忆更易受到干扰负载的影响,这种影响体现在提取阶段。     

注意力缺陷多动障碍超常儿童:特质、鉴别与干预

从特质、鉴别以及干预等方面综述了国内外注意力缺陷多动障碍超常儿童的研究进展.描述ADHD儿童与超常儿童共存的特质,对ADHD超常儿童与一般超常儿童和ADHD儿童进行比较;介绍智力测验、行为观察和创造力测验等多种鉴别方法,通过不同方法对多种能力进行评估可提高鉴别准确性;对ADHD超常儿童进行教育干预,既要通过药物和行为治疗,弥补其缺陷,更要设计合理的超常教育方案,促进其潜能的实现.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.