大众化与高等教育体制变革的理论观察

高等教育体制是高等教育体系与制度的综合体,我们从不同的角度可以将它划分为不同的类型。一定类型的高等教育体制适应于一定的社会功能,因此高等教育承担的社会任务决定一个国家的高等教育采用什么样的体制。在大众化过程中,高等教育体制会发生一系列的变革。我们要注意处理好变革过程中的各种矛盾,以保障高等教育的健康发展。     

日本高等教育质量保证体制的嬗变及其启示

文章分析了市场环境下日本高等教育质量保证体制的发展和变革，探讨了以分权和内省为导向的自我管理和自我评估体制的效能和影响、集权化效能的国立学位机构进行的外部评估被引进的可能性。质量保证体制和市场力量之间的变革关系。进而提出可借鉴日本成功经验，加快我国高等教育质量保证体制建设。     

我国研究生招生制度变革历程解析

作为一个重视招生入口质量控制的国家,我国研究生招生制度的变革历程虽然与我国高等教育体制的变革息息相关,同时也是现代西方高等教育与中国传统教育相互影响、相互融合的产物。在制度化进程中经历了概念和制度的引进,模式和体制的转换,本国的实践探索和政策摇摆,以及应对高等教育大众化时代的变革等四个阶段。     

改革开放以来我国高等教育集权与分权的周期性变革

中央集权制与地方分权制是两种基本的教育行政体制。改革开放以来,我国高等教育行政体制在由计划经济向市场经济转变的进程中呈现出从中央高度集权、中央与地方分权到中央政府向地方政府、高校和市场适度分权的周期性变革趋势。本文对高等教育行政体制的生成状况进行了分析,通过梳理高等教育集权与分权变革的30年演化历程及相关问题,阐明我国高等教育集权与分权改革的走向。     

论学习化社会与我国成人高等教育可持续发展

在以学习化社会为取向的新的历史时期,我国成人高等教育发展面临新的历史变革。在未来的社会,成人高等教育必须树立为终身教育服务的理念,在创新投资体制、办学体制以及管理体制的基础上,引入高效的远程教育技术,立足社区发展。     

比利时高等教育体制变革及其借鉴

比利时高等教育体制变革注重对教学观念和课堂教学方面进行全新的改革,有效促进比利时高等教育的质量产生质的飞跃。以比利时高等教育体制变革为出发点,对其进行详细的分析,希望能够对现阶段我国教育事业具有一定的借鉴意义。     

我国高等教育投资体制改革30年——成就与经验、挑战与完善

改革开放30年以来, 随着社会主义市场经济体制的逐步建立, 我国高等教育的体制发生了深刻的变革.涉及到高等教育经费来源与配置方式的高等教育投资体制的变革则是整个高教体制改革的一个最为关键的组成部分.本文将对改革开放以来的30年我国高等教育投资体制的发展过程进行梳理,总结在发展过程中取得的成就与经验, 分析发展过程中遇到的问题与挑战, 最后讨论发展与完善我国高等教育投资体制的一些看法.     

新中国高等教育体制的变革与启示

回顾了新中国高等教育体制的变革,分析了不同阶段高等教育体制改革的重点及取得的成绩,从中得到有益的启示,有利于深化我国高等教育体制的改革.     

新中国高等教育体制的变革与启示

回顾了新中国高等教育体制的变革，分析了不同阶段高等教育体制改革的重点及取得的成绩，从中国得到有益的启示，有利于深化我国高等教育体制的改革。     

日本高等教育中的质量保障体制和市场力量

文章分析了市场力量下日本高等教育质量保障体制的发展和变革，其中探讨了以分权和询省为导向的自我管理和自我评估体制的故能和影响、经济全球化时期高等教育在全球市场力量中的变革、集权化故能的大学评价与学位授予机构进行的外部评估被引进的可能性、质量保障体制和市场力量之间的关系。     

内蒙古自治区高等教育发展的经济分析及对策研究

改革开放以后,特别是上世纪90年代后期以来,随着经济的发展,内蒙古自治区高等教育事业也得到了较快的发展,取得了长足进步。但与全国高等教育发展水平相比,仍然处于相对落后水平。自治区高等教育存在着供给与需求矛盾、高等教育消费差距加大引起教育公平问题、高等教育服务的理念还没有完全确立等问题。要发展自治区高等教育,必须采取以下对策：探索高等教育办学模式,扩大高等教育供给;加大政府对高等教育的投入,多种渠道筹措高等教育经费;完善高等教育资助体系,等等。     

MAJOR TRENDS IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN FINLAND

An extensive reform of the educational system is currently taking place in Finland. Reform of the comprehensive school is being implemented already, and the emphasis is at present on secondary and higher education. The major areas of reform are now, and will be during the next few years, the quality and structure of secondary and higher education, and the measures relating to the regional development of the higher education system. We give below information on the following elements of this long‐term reform: - access to higher education;

- reform of university degrees;

- regional development of the higher education system.

     

NEW TRENDS IN BULGARIAN HIGHER EDUCATION

The process of reform in higher education in post‐1990 Bulgaria is briefly presented. The first step was a law in 1990 mandating academic freedom and university autonomy. Other legislation led to the creation of private higher education institutions and the charging of tuition fees for certain course programmes offered by the state institutions. A serious problem has been the decline in the quality of higher education and research, this due to the economic difficulties resulting from the period of transition and to too much laissez‐faire in higher education in general. In reaction, the state has taken steps to lay down basic requirements for admission to higher education; nationally mandated standards for state certification in certain subjects including medicine, economics, and engineering; and the development of a national quality assessment system for higher education. There has also been the influence of certain international programmes, most notably, TEMPUS. Everyone understands that higher education has a major role to play in order to guarantee the success of the transition process.     

HIGHER EDUCATION STRUCTURES IN ROMANIA

The higher education system of Romania has been one of the sectors of Romanian society most determined to undertake drastic reform and restructuring. The reform process, which got underway during the first months of 1990, is complex, particularly the efforts in favour of restructuring and diversification aimed at adapting Romanian higher education, both in terms of national and of curricular structures, to the realities of a market economy and liberal democratic principles. An appropriate legal framework is to be provided by two new laws, the Law on Education and the Law on Quality Assessment and Accreditation.     

HIGHER EDUCATION IN LATVIA

This report considers ways in which the Republic of Latvia and other developing countries can evaluate the situations in which they find themselves and then act to obtain the greatest benefit from the development of higher education, science, and research. For fifty years higher education, science, and research in Latvia were separated from their equivalents in western countries. In addition in Latvia higher education was isolated from industry as well as from science and research. Now the reform of higher education, science, and research must be given a legislative basis. As Latvia would like to join the European Union, it should base its regulations concerning higher education, science, and research on those of the European Union. The necessary legislation must provide possibilities and mechanisms for the co‐ordination of the interests of the whole society and the interests of the academic community     

REFORMING THE RUSSIAN HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM

An aperçu of the reform process in higher education in the Russian Federation is given. It begins with a statement of the objectives of reform and a listing of the laws and decrees concerning it promulgated in 1991, 1992, and 1993. Great weight has been placed on the setting of standards and the creation of mechanisms to enforce these standards. Also, efforts are being made to adapt certain higher education course programmes to regional needs. The article concludes with a short discussion of current problems.     

高等教育与区域发展-以"首都教育"为视角的考察

高等教育与区域发展具有相关性 ,我国经济发展呈现区域化趋势 ,沿海地区展开教育资源竞争 ,以此带动人才战略、技术升级和产业换代及文化发展。在以知识为基础的经济背景下 ,教育被列入第三产业 ,高等教育的发展有可能也有必要与区域经济发展相结合 ,研究北京地区高教发展的有利与不利条件以及高教向边缘发展 ,向沿海发展 ,向企业教育和民办教育发展的趋势。高等教育发展正面临着新一轮资源配置 ,高等教育走廊和远距离校区就是资源重新配置的表现。可以看出高等教育与区域经济发展 ,以及与交通及通讯事业发展的相关性比以往任何时候都更加突出     

比较与借鉴：地方高教学会改革发展的理性思考

地方高教学会是省级群众性的社会组织,具有学术性、区域性、专业性、非营利性等的特征,以科研、咨询、中介、服务、交流为主要职能,积极为地方高等教育改革与发展事业服务。以评选2013年度中国高等教育学会先进团体候选单位申报材料为依托,分析并比较地方高教学会的业务范围、组织架构、人员构成、运行机制等多方面的经验,总结其共性与特色,为形成地方高教学会长效发展提供可资借鉴之处。     

NON‐STATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The development of a market economy in Russia is greatly affecting the structural reform of education. One result is the establishment of non‐state educational institutions which are offering various types of higher education programmes and educational services. This short article describes the possible role of non‐state educational institutions as a part of the general higher education system.     

HIGHER EDUCATION REFORM IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

The article gives an aperçu of the development of higher education in the Czech Republic from 1990 to 1993. The Higher Education Law of 4 May 1990 provides for the greater democratization of higher education structures and for increased institutional autonomy. Accreditation boards have been created. An Act of 9 July 1991 led to the creation of five new universities through the reform and amalgamation of pre‐existing institutions. Principles for a law setting up student tuition fees are given.